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Pharmacological Management of Hypertriglyceridemia and Atherosclerosis

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Pharmacological Management of Hypertriglyceridemia and Atherosclerosis

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Questions and Answers

Which drug is used as monotherapy in hypertriglyceridemia and combined with statins in mixed dyslipidemia?

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Statins

Fibrates (correct)

Niacin

What is the primary mechanism through which Omega-3 Fatty Acids protect cell membranes?

Inhibition of platelet aggregation

Protection against oxidative stress (correct)

Inhibition of hormone sensitive lipase

Activation of lipoprotein lipase

Which drug decreases lipolysis and availability of free fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis in the liver?

Fibrates

Niacin (correct)

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Statins

How do Fibrates improve glucose tolerance and suppress serum uric acid?

By activating PPAR-α receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is the best for elevating HDL levels?

Niacin Signup and view all the answers

Why are Fibrates never given during pregnancy and used cautiously in renal and hepatic impairment?

Due to potential risks to the fetus and patients with impaired renal and hepatic function Signup and view all the answers

What is a major issue associated with the use of niacin in the treatment of dyslipidemias?

Elevation of blood glucose and uric acid levels Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom can be avoided when using niacin by taking aspirin an hour before its intake?

Flushing Signup and view all the answers

How does cholestyramine aid in lowering hypertriglyceridemia?

By adsorbing bile acids and eliminating them in stools Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using aspirin alongside niacin therapy?

To alleviate the side effect of flushing Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect limits the use of niacin in patients with gout?

Increase in uric acid levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of fibrates?

Fibrates act as PPAR-α agonists, modulating gene expression related to lipoprotein metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which omega-3 fatty acids lower triglyceride levels?

Decreased hepatic production of VLDL particles. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which niacin (nicotinic acid) raises HDL-C levels?

Upregulation of the ABCA1 transporter, promoting cholesterol efflux. Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic patients, which lipid-lowering agent is considered the drug of choice?

Fibrates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the use of statins is correct?

Statins are given during or following acute ischemic events like myocardial infarction and stroke. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding ezetimibe is correct?

Ezetimibe is a selective inhibitor of the cholesterol absorption transporter NPC1L1. Signup and view all the answers