Pharmacokinetics: Peak and Trough Concentrations
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Questions and Answers

What is the equation for estimating the elimination rate constant (k) in aminoglycosides?

  • k = 0.00293(CrCl) + 0.014 (correct)
  • k = 0.00093(CrCl) + 0.014
  • k = 0.0293(CrCl) - 0.014
  • k = 0.0093(CrCl) - 0.014

    • What is the unit of the elimination rate constant (k)?

  • ng/mL
  • mL/min
  • h-1 (correct)
  • L/kg

    • What is the estimated volume of distribution (VD) for aminoglycosides?

  • 0.34 L/kg
  • 0.44 L/kg
  • 0.24 L/kg (correct)
  • 0.14 L/kg

    • What is the purpose of estimating the elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (VD) in aminoglycosides?

    <p>To determine the initial maintenance dose and dosing interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is creatinine clearance not equal to aminoglycoside clearance?

    <p>Because some amount of aminoglycoside is eliminated by organs other than the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle used to describe the cumulative effect of multiple doses of aminoglycosides?

    <p>The principle of superposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of infusing drugs over a longer period of time, typically 30-60 minutes?

    <p>To reduce the risk of adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the drug infusion rate (R) in the equation Cpeak,ss = R / (Vd * k)?

    <p>Milligrams per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the population estimate for the volume of distribution (VD) for aminoglycosides?

    <p>0.24 L/kg (IBW)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the elimination rate constant (k) calculated from in the given equation?

    <p>0.00293(CrCl) + 0.014</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the desired or most appropriate dosing interval (τ) in the given case, rounded down to a practical value?

    <p>12 h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the desired peak concentration at steady state (Cpeak,ss) in the equation?

    <p>Milligrams per liter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the patient's elimination rate constant (k) calculated from Cpeak and Ctrough values?

    <p>0.1445 h^-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the patient's volume of distribution (VD) calculated from Cpeak and Ctrough values?

    <p>12.48 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the elimination rate constant (k) and the half-life (t0.5)?

    <p>k = 0.693 / t0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the patient's half-life (t0.5) calculated from Cpeak and Ctrough values?

    <p>4.796 h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation to calculate the patient's Cpeak,ss?

    <p>Cpeak,ss = R / (k * Vd)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of the drug infusion rate (R) in the equation to calculate Cpeak,ss?

    <p>milligrams per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

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