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Questions and Answers
What does the formula T1/2 life CL = rate of elimination/concentration Vd= amount of drug in the body/Total conc in plasma represent?
What does the formula T1/2 life CL = rate of elimination/concentration Vd= amount of drug in the body/Total conc in plasma represent?
- The calculation of bioavailability of a drug
- The fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation
- The relationship between the volume of distribution and the total concentration of a drug in plasma (correct)
- The rate of elimination of a drug from the body
What is the process called when a drug administered into the body has some of its proportion carried away in the portal system to the liver before reaching the target site?
What is the process called when a drug administered into the body has some of its proportion carried away in the portal system to the liver before reaching the target site?
- First pass metabolism (correct)
- Systemic circulation
- Pharmacological effect
- Bioavailability
What is the main factor that determines how easily a non-ionized drug can diffuse across cell membranes?
What is the main factor that determines how easily a non-ionized drug can diffuse across cell membranes?
- The drug's ionic state
- The drug's capillary permeability
- The drug's lipid solubility (correct)
- The drug's ability to bind to plasma proteins
What is the term for the fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation in a chemically unchanged state?
What is the term for the fraction of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation in a chemically unchanged state?
What is the time taken for 50% of a given concentration of a drug to be eliminated?
What is the time taken for 50% of a given concentration of a drug to be eliminated?
What is the term for the movement of a drug from the blood to the interstitial or extracellular fluid?
What is the term for the movement of a drug from the blood to the interstitial or extracellular fluid?
What are the three main compartments that a drug can be distributed into in the body?
What are the three main compartments that a drug can be distributed into in the body?
What is the route of administration that has an absolute bioavailability of 1 (F=1 or 100% bioavailable)?
What is the route of administration that has an absolute bioavailability of 1 (F=1 or 100% bioavailable)?
What is the formula for calculating the bioavailability of a drug?
What is the formula for calculating the bioavailability of a drug?
Which of the following is NOT a determinant of drug distribution?
Which of the following is NOT a determinant of drug distribution?
What is the term for the form of a drug that is bound to plasma proteins and cannot elicit its action?
What is the term for the form of a drug that is bound to plasma proteins and cannot elicit its action?
Which organ receives the highest blood flow and therefore has a higher distribution of drugs?
Which organ receives the highest blood flow and therefore has a higher distribution of drugs?
What type of metabolism do drugs like verapamil, lidocaine, and propranolol undergo?
What type of metabolism do drugs like verapamil, lidocaine, and propranolol undergo?
What is the purpose of metabolic reactions in the liver?
What is the purpose of metabolic reactions in the liver?
What is the phase I reaction also known as?
What is the phase I reaction also known as?
Where are cytochrome P450 systems located?
Where are cytochrome P450 systems located?
What is the result of enzyme induction in phase I reactions?
What is the result of enzyme induction in phase I reactions?
What are the types of phase I reactions?
What are the types of phase I reactions?
What happens when free forms of a drug are reduced or excreted?
What happens when free forms of a drug are reduced or excreted?
What is the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) equivalent to?
What is the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) equivalent to?
What affects the rate of blood flow to different tissues?
What affects the rate of blood flow to different tissues?
What is the primary location where drug metabolism occurs?
What is the primary location where drug metabolism occurs?
What is the result of an increase in the volume of distribution (Vd) on the half-life (t1/2) of a drug?
What is the result of an increase in the volume of distribution (Vd) on the half-life (t1/2) of a drug?
What happens to a drug if it is sufficiently polar after Phase I?
What happens to a drug if it is sufficiently polar after Phase I?
What type of conjugation reaction occurs with sulfuric acid?
What type of conjugation reaction occurs with sulfuric acid?
What is a characteristic of polar metabolites produced in Phase II?
What is a characteristic of polar metabolites produced in Phase II?
What is an example of a pro-drug?
What is an example of a pro-drug?
What is a factor that influences biotransformation?
What is a factor that influences biotransformation?
What is an example of an enzyme inducer?
What is an example of an enzyme inducer?
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