Pharmaceuticals Tablet Compression Mechanisms

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Modification of crystalline solid ______ or chemically to produce a particle with the desired properties.

physically

We can also modify the ______ by changing the surface of the particles or the particle size.

dissolution

This can have an influence when we change the crystalline properties we can have an influence on the ______ compaction and the mechanical behavior of the material.

tablet

The importance of having a ______ property to allow the permanent deformation during compression.

plastic Signup and view all the answers

Powder properties as well in terms of ______ and mixing and dry powder inhalation systems.

flow Signup and view all the answers

The ______ size, this is an influential factor during the tableting process.

particle Signup and view all the answers

The irreversible deformation is the ______ deformation when the bone will snap and the molecular change location into a different position.

plastic Signup and view all the answers

The ______ properties are affected during the tableting process, such as the deformation and pressure.

solid Signup and view all the answers

The ______ shape as well is another important determinant during the tableting process, and these powder particles can be present in different shapes.

particle Signup and view all the answers

The pressure applied during the tableting process is known as the ______ pressure.

compaction Signup and view all the answers

Tablet properties such as ______ and dissolution can be influenced by the excipients we add in the formulation.

hardness Signup and view all the answers

The learning objectives include explaining the influence of ______ on tabletting process.

material properties Signup and view all the answers

The more you know about your ______, the better flexibility you will have during formulation.

material Signup and view all the answers

Tablets are generally manufactured from a blend of ______, different materials, they have different properties.

powders Signup and view all the answers

The ______ of the material properties on making tablets in addition to improve tabletting process by manipulating material properties.

significance Signup and view all the answers

While compressing a mass of powder, we make a ______ so it’s a loose lump of powder changed into a compact mass.

tablet Signup and view all the answers

If the material is going to be ______, it will bounce back and cause problems later during the tableting process.

elastic Signup and view all the answers

The ______ behavior of the material allows us to reshape it during the compression process.

plastic Signup and view all the answers

When we fill the dye with granules and start to apply the ______, the particles will start to move, become closer to each other.

pressure Signup and view all the answers

Increased tablet strength is associated with ______ original particle size.

smaller Signup and view all the answers

The ______ of the material will resist until it reaches the yield point, and then it will snap.

bone Signup and view all the answers

Changes in ______ during the compaction process can affect the relationship between particle size and tablet strength.

other properties Signup and view all the answers

Measuring the change in ______ before and after compaction can help assess the effects of compression on tablet surface area.

specific area of particulate solid Signup and view all the answers

The plot shows the change in ______ with increased pressure during compression for three materials.

surface area Signup and view all the answers

The surface area of a particulate solid can be measured using techniques such as ______ adsorption or mercury intrusion.

gas Signup and view all the answers

When you compress a mass of powder in a tablating machine, the particles will start to come closer to each other and lead to ______ of the gaps and void spaces.

rearrangement Signup and view all the answers

As the load keeps increasing, the particles will keep coming together until there will be no further ______ and the particles are sitting very close to each other.

movement Signup and view all the answers

The sequence of events will start with increasing the ______ on the mass of powder inside the dye.

pressure Signup and view all the answers

The particles will be packed together and this will lead to ______ because at the beginning it's a porous lump full of gaps, void spaces.

rearrangement Signup and view all the answers

The process of compressing powder will result in the elimination of ______ spaces and the particles will be sitting very close to each other.

void Signup and view all the answers

The event properties of a crystalline solid that can be manipulated include the ______, the shape, the internal structure, and the surface of the crystalline material.

size Signup and view all the answers

So how would you expect the ______ of a tablet to vary with particle size?

strength Signup and view all the answers

So this figure illustrates the relationship between the ______ force and the crystalline diameter.

crushing Signup and view all the answers

The higher the strength, the smaller the particles, the lower the strength, the larger the particles.

crushing Signup and view all the answers

The pattern for the two materials is the same, but there are differences between the two ______.

materials Signup and view all the answers

Sodium chloride, widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, and ______, which is API used as a unidirectional antiseptic, are two examples of materials used in the study.

hexamine Signup and view all the answers

Let’s see how this diameter is responding to the ______ force.

crushing Signup and view all the answers

The x-axis showing the ______ force to crush these particles.

crushing Signup and view all the answers

The y-axis is linked with the change in the ______ diameter.

crystal Signup and view all the answers

That’s what we are going to investigate in this part of the ______.

lecture Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to material properties with their descriptions:

Elasticity = Material property that allows it to bounce back after compression Plasticity = Material property that allows permanent deformation during compression Crystalline structure = Internal arrangement of particles in a solid material Flowability = Ability of powder to move and mix during processing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods with their application in particle analysis:

Mercury intrusion = Measuring surface area of particles Particle size distribution = Analyzing powder flow and mixing properties Compaction pressure = Influencing tablet strength and mechanical behavior Crystalline engineering = Modifying material properties to achieve desired characteristics Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their effects on tablet strength:

Particle size = Influences tablet strength, with smaller particles resulting in higher strength Compaction pressure = Increases tablet strength by reducing particle size and increasing bonding Surface area = Affects tablet dissolution and powder flowability Crystalline structure = Influences material properties and permanent deformation during compression Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their applications in tablet manufacturing:

Crystal engineering = Modifying material properties to achieve desired tablet characteristics Tablet compaction = Influencing tablet strength and mechanical behavior Powder properties = Affecting flow and mixing during processing Surface area analysis = Measuring powder surface area and its effect on tablet dissolution Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in the tableting process:

Excipients = Additives used to modify material properties and improve tablet formulation Particle size distribution = Influences powder flow and mixing during processing Compaction force = Applies pressure to compress powder into a compact tablet Surface bonding = Influences tablet strength and mechanical behavior Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Particle size = Influential factor during tableting process Particle shape = Determinant of tablet strength Crystalline structure = Affects surface area analysis Surface properties = Influences material properties Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Elastic deformation = Causes problems during manufacturing Plastic deformation = Desired outcome for tablet shape High strength = Associated with smaller particle size Low strength = Associated with larger particle size Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Increasing pressure = Elimination of gaps and void spaces Compressing powder = Reversible deformation Applying load = Irreversible deformation Relieving pressure = Elastic deformation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

Gas adsorption = Measuring surface area of particulate solids Mercury intrusion = Measuring surface area of particulate solids Particle size distribution = Influencing tableting process Compaction pressure = Affecting tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Plastic behavior = Allows permanent deformation during compression Elastic behavior = Causes problems during manufacturing Particle size distribution = Influences tableting process Surface properties = Affects material properties Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their influence on tabletting process:

Particle size distribution = Affects tablet strength and compactability Surface roughness = Influences powder flow and compressibility Material hardness = Resists deformation during compression Powder density = Affects the porosity of the tablet Signup and view all the answers

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their application in pharmaceuticals:

Mercury intrusion = Measures total surface area and pore size distribution Gas adsorption = Determines specific surface area of powders Microscopy = Visualizes particle shape and surface morphology Sedimentation = Analyzes particle size distribution Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compaction pressure effects with their consequence on tablet properties:

Increased pressure = Increases tablet hardness and strength Reduced pressure = Decreases tablet density and porosity Uniform pressure = Improves tablet uniformity and content Pulsatile pressure = Enhances tablet disintegration and dissolution Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effect on tabletting process:

Brittleness = Increases probability of particle fracture Ductility = Enhances plastic deformation during compression Elasticity = Allows material to recover original shape after compression Cohesion = Influences powder flow and tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle size distribution effects with their influence on tabletting process:

Narrow distribution = Improves tablet uniformity and content Wide distribution = Affects tablet strength and compactability Small particle size = Increases tablet hardness and strength Large particle size = Decreases tablet density and porosity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their effects on tablet strength:

Larger particle size = Decreased tablet strength Smaller particle size = Increased tablet strength Higher compaction pressure = Increased tablet strength Surface area analysis = No effect on tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their influence on tabletting process:

Surface area = Affects particle size distribution Particle size distribution = Influences tablet strength Deformation behavior = Resists permanent deformation during compression Crystalline structure = Influences material hardness Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods with their application in surface area analysis:

Gas adsorption = Measuring surface area of particles Mercury intrusion = Measuring surface area of particles Compaction pressure = Evaluating tablet strength Particle size distribution = Evaluating granule size Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their effects on particle size distribution:

Compaction pressure = Reduces particle size Deformation behavior = Increases particle size Surface area analysis = No effect on particle size Granule size = Influences tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their effects on compaction pressure:

Larger particle size = Decreased compaction pressure Smaller particle size = Increased compaction pressure Higher surface area = Increased compaction pressure Deformation behavior = Resists compaction pressure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Smaller particle size = Increased tablet strength Larger surface area = Increased tablet strength Higher compression pressure = Decreased tablet strength Irreversible deformation = Weakened tablet Signup and view all the answers

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications in pharmaceuticals:

Gas adsorption = Measuring surface area change Mercury intrusion = Measuring particle size distribution Dye penetration = Measuring tablet hardness X-ray diffraction = Measuring crystalline structure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Particle size distribution = Affects tablet strength Surface area = Affects tablet dissolution Crystalline structure = Affects material properties Particle shape = Affects flowability Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Compression = Increases particle density Compaction = Reduces porosity Deformation = Changes material properties Fragmentation = Breaks particles Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their influence on the tableting process:

Brittleness = Affects tablet strength Elasticity = Affects tablet deformation Plasticity = Affects tablet compaction Viscoelasticity = Affects tablet relaxation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Plastic behavior = Allows for permanent deformation during compression Elastic behavior = Causes tablets to bounce back and break apart Particle size distribution = Influences the surface area and strength of tablets Crystalline structure = Affects the compression and mechanical behavior of materials Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Particle size = Influences tablet strength and surface area Surface area = Affects the compressibility and compactability of particles Shape = Determines the packing efficiency and void spaces in tablets Crystalline structure = Influences the mechanical behavior and compression of materials Signup and view all the answers

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

Mercury intrusion = Measures the surface area and porosity of particulate solids Adsorption = Analyzes the surface area and texture of particles Microscopy = Visualizes the morphology and size distribution of particles Compaction = Assesses the compressibility and densification of materials Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Compression = Reduces void spaces and increases particle packing density Deformation = Changes the shape and dimensions of particles and materials Reshaping = Alters the material's crystalline structure and mechanical behavior Compaction = Increases the surface area and strength of tablets Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on tabletting process:

Plastic deformation = Allows for permanent reshaping of materials during compression Elastic deformation = Causes materials to bounce back to their original shape Crystalline structure = Influences the mechanical behavior and compression of materials Particle size distribution = Affects the surface area and strength of tablets Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their influence on tablet strength:

Particle size = Increased strength with smaller particles Surface area = Decreased strength with larger surface area Crystalline structure = Increased strength with more complex structures Shape = No effect on tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

BET adsorption = Measuring surface area of particulate solids Mercury intrusion = Determining particle size distribution Gas chromatography = Analyzing chemical composition Spectroscopy = Identifying material properties Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compaction pressure effects with their consequence on tablet properties:

Increase in pressure = Decreased tablet strength Decrease in pressure = Increased porosity High pressure = Increased tablet strength Low pressure = No effect on tablet properties Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Small particle size = Increased strength Larger particle size = Decreased strength Irregular shape = No effect on tablet strength Uniform surface area = Increased strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their effects on tabletting process:

High surface area = Improved mixing Low surface area = Reduced powder flow High crystalline structure = Improved tablet strength Low crystalline structure = No effect on tabletting process Signup and view all the answers

Match the following methods with their application in particle analysis:

Sieving = Determining particle size distribution Microscopy = Analyzing particle shape Chromatography = Identifying chemical composition Spectroscopy = Measuring surface area Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in the tableting process:

Plastic deformation = Permanent deformation during compression Elastic deformation = Reversible deformation during compression Crystalline structure = No effect on tabletting process Particle size = Influencing tablet strength Signup and view all the answers

Match the following material properties with their influence on tabletting process:

Particle size distribution = Influencing tablet strength Surface area = Affecting powder flow Crystalline structure = No effect on tabletting process Shape = Influencing mixing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Compaction pressure = Force applied during tableting process Crushing force = Force required to crush particles Particle size = Diameter of particles Surface area = Area of particle surface Signup and view all the answers

Match the following particle size distribution effects with their influence on tabletting process:

Uniform particle size = Improved tablet strength Wide particle size distribution = Reduced tablet strength Narrow particle size distribution = No effect on tabletting process Bi-modal particle size distribution = Increased powder flow Signup and view all the answers

Pharmaceuticals Tablet Compression Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

Modification of crystalline solid ______ or chemically to produce a particle with the desired properties.

We can also modify the ______ by changing the surface of the particles or the particle size.

This can have an influence when we change the crystalline properties we can have an influence on the ______ compaction and the mechanical behavior of the material.

The importance of having a ______ property to allow the permanent deformation during compression.

Powder properties as well in terms of ______ and mixing and dry powder inhalation systems.

The ______ size, this is an influential factor during the tableting process.

The irreversible deformation is the ______ deformation when the bone will snap and the molecular change location into a different position.

The ______ properties are affected during the tableting process, such as the deformation and pressure.

The ______ shape as well is another important determinant during the tableting process, and these powder particles can be present in different shapes.

The pressure applied during the tableting process is known as the ______ pressure.

Tablet properties such as ______ and dissolution can be influenced by the excipients we add in the formulation.

The learning objectives include explaining the influence of ______ on tabletting process.

The more you know about your ______, the better flexibility you will have during formulation.

Tablets are generally manufactured from a blend of ______, different materials, they have different properties.

The ______ of the material properties on making tablets in addition to improve tabletting process by manipulating material properties.

While compressing a mass of powder, we make a ______ so it’s a loose lump of powder changed into a compact mass.

If the material is going to be ______, it will bounce back and cause problems later during the tableting process.

The ______ behavior of the material allows us to reshape it during the compression process.

When we fill the dye with granules and start to apply the ______, the particles will start to move, become closer to each other.

Increased tablet strength is associated with ______ original particle size.

The ______ of the material will resist until it reaches the yield point, and then it will snap.

Changes in ______ during the compaction process can affect the relationship between particle size and tablet strength.

Measuring the change in ______ before and after compaction can help assess the effects of compression on tablet surface area.

The plot shows the change in ______ with increased pressure during compression for three materials.

The surface area of a particulate solid can be measured using techniques such as ______ adsorption or mercury intrusion.

When you compress a mass of powder in a tablating machine, the particles will start to come closer to each other and lead to ______ of the gaps and void spaces.

As the load keeps increasing, the particles will keep coming together until there will be no further ______ and the particles are sitting very close to each other.

The sequence of events will start with increasing the ______ on the mass of powder inside the dye.

The particles will be packed together and this will lead to ______ because at the beginning it's a porous lump full of gaps, void spaces.

The process of compressing powder will result in the elimination of ______ spaces and the particles will be sitting very close to each other.

The event properties of a crystalline solid that can be manipulated include the ______, the shape, the internal structure, and the surface of the crystalline material.

So how would you expect the ______ of a tablet to vary with particle size?

So this figure illustrates the relationship between the ______ force and the crystalline diameter.

The higher the ______ strength, the smaller the particles, the lower the ______ strength, the larger the particles.

The pattern for the two materials is the same, but there are differences between the two ______.

Sodium chloride, widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, and ______, which is API used as a unidirectional antiseptic, are two examples of materials used in the study.

Let’s see how this diameter is responding to the ______ force.

The x-axis showing the ______ force to crush these particles.

The y-axis is linked with the change in the ______ diameter.

That’s what we are going to investigate in this part of the ______.

Match the following terms related to material properties with their descriptions:

Match the following methods with their application in particle analysis:

Match the following terms with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following terms with their applications in tablet manufacturing:

Match the following terms with their roles in the tableting process:

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

Match the following material properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Match the following material properties with their influence on tabletting process:

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their application in pharmaceuticals:

Match the following compaction pressure effects with their consequence on tablet properties:

Match the following material properties with their effect on tabletting process:

Match the following particle size distribution effects with their influence on tabletting process:

Match the following terms with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following material properties with their influence on tabletting process:

Match the following methods with their application in surface area analysis:

Match the following terms with their effects on particle size distribution:

Match the following terms with their effects on compaction pressure:

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications in pharmaceuticals:

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Match the following material properties with their influence on the tableting process:

Match the following material properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following particle properties with their effects on the tableting process:

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

Match the following compaction processes with their effects on the material:

Match the following material properties with their effects on tabletting process:

Match the following material properties with their influence on tablet strength:

Match the following surface area analysis techniques with their applications:

Match the following compaction pressure effects with their consequence on tablet properties:

Match the following particle properties with their effects on tablet strength:

Match the following material properties with their effects on tabletting process:

Match the following methods with their application in particle analysis:

Match the following terms with their roles in the tableting process:

The higher the strength, the smaller the particles, the lower the strength, the larger the particles.