Pharmaceutical Solutions Quiz

It represents percent weight in volume for solute in liquids, percent volume in volume for liquid mixtures, and weight in weight for solid mixtures.

Pharmacists avoid heat to prevent the destruction of medicinal agents and deterioration of drugs.

The rate of dissolution can be improved by reducing the particle size of the solute or by subjecting the mixture to vigorous agitation.

<p>The use of heat may cause the loss of these agents to the atmosphere, compromising the solution's effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction in particle size increases surface area, facilitating a faster rate of solution when combined with fresh solvent circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exothermic reactions release heat which can alter the temperature and potentially affect the stability of the solution being prepared.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solutions are typically prepared by simple mixing of solutes with solvents in large mixing vessels equipped with mechanical stirrers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stability is defined by the absence of loss in therapeutic activity or undesirable changes in the preparation's chemical and physical properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain the chemical and physical stability of the medicinal agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reflects the period during which the drug is known to retain its strength, quality, and purity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make the medication more attractive and palatable for patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The time required for the drug level to degrade to 90 percent of its labeled potency at room temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solvent, usually purified water, is absent in dry mixtures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patient age, pharmaceutical dosage form, taste improvement needs, and drug color.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effective absorption ensures that the patient receives the intended therapeutic benefit from the medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They prevent the growth of microorganisms in the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical interactions between various components that may alter stability or potency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enhance the stability and extend shelf life of the medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7 to 14 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should discard the remaining portion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By reconstituting a dry powder mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mild volume depletion due to dehydration from diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malnutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To effectively replace lost fecal water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are relatively inexpensive and available OTC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquid or powder packet form for reconstitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should inform patients about the advisability of mixing with juice, milk, or other liquids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) is the primary component required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbonation helps to improve the taste and patient acceptance of the saline cathartic solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systemic alkalinization helps maintain alkaline urine, which prevents the crystallization of urates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aromatic waters are not therapeutically potent due to their very small proportion of active ingredients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The strength of diluted acids is generally expressed on a percent weight-to-volume (% w/v) basis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor compliance and acceptance from patients leading to issues during the procedure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polyethylene glycol (PEG-3350).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 liters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quickly, rather than sipping continuously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mixing can alter the intended balance and effectiveness of the solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within 1 hour.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cleansing enemas and prolonged dietary restrictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sweet, acidulous, with a lemon flavor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drink for 3 hours and wait 1 hour for bowel evacuation.</p> Signup and view all the answers