Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the fundamental atomic number Z of an element?

  • The number of electrons in a neutral atom
  • The combined number of protons and neutrons
  • The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (correct)
  • The total number of neutrons in an atom

How many basic types of orbitals exist in atomic structure?

  • Two: s and p
  • Three: s, p, and d
  • Four: s, p, d, and f (correct)
  • Five: s, p, d, f, and g

In a neutral atom, what is true about the number of protons and electrons?

  • Electrons are absent.
  • Protons outnumber electrons.
  • They are always equal. (correct)
  • Protons and neutrons are equal.

Which statement correctly identifies orbitals?

<p>Orbitals indicate the probable locations of electrons surrounding the nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following topics is NOT a key objective of the Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry course?

<p>Mastery of quantum mechanics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason atoms tend to follow the octet rule?

<p>To achieve a noble gas configuration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between nonmetals?

<p>Covalent bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a double bond, how many total bonds are formed between two atoms?

<p>One sigma and one pi bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for electrons that are not involved in chemical bonding?

<p>Lone pairs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that the overlap of incompletely filled atomic orbitals results in chemical bonds?

<p>Valence bond theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atomic Number (Z)

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, unique to each element.

Atomic Orbitals

Specific regions around an atom's nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found.

Electron

Negatively charged particle orbiting the atom's nucleus.

Chemical Bonding

Forces that hold atoms together in molecules or compounds.

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Orbital Types

Different shapes of atomic orbitals (s, p, d, f).

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Octet Rule

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell (8 valence electrons), similar to noble gases.

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Ionic Bond

Chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (cations and anions).

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Covalent Bond

Chemical bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

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Sigma (σ) Bond

Strongest covalent bond formed by the direct head-on overlap of atomic orbitals.

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Valence

The typical number of bonds an atom forms in a molecule.

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