Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of applying a poultice topically?

  • To provide cooling relief
  • To inject medication intravenously
  • To administer drugs orally
  • To provide heat or counter-irritation (correct)
  • What is the main difference between a pessary and a suppository?

  • Pessaries are used for topical application, while suppositories are used for injection
  • Pessaries are deposited in the uterus or vagina, while suppositories are inserted rectally (correct)
  • Pessaries are used for parental administration, while suppositories are used for inhalation
  • Pessaries are used for oral administration, while suppositories are used for topical application
  • What is the purpose of nebulization in inhalation dosage forms?

  • To inject medication intravenously
  • To break up fluids into micro-particles by ultrasound (correct)
  • To provide cooling relief
  • To administer drugs in a vapour by means of vaporization and heat
  • What is the advantage of using topical preparations?

    <p>They can be administered locally, providing immediate relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using transdermal patches?

    <p>To provide a controlled release of medication through the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using inhalation dosage forms?

    <p>They can provide rapid absorption and rapid onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a cream?

    <p>It is a semi-solid emulsion that spreads easily when applied to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of preparation is used for rectal administration?

    <p>Enema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a collodion?

    <p>To form a solid protective film when applied to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between an ointment and a paste?

    <p>Ointments have a lower proportion of powder, while pastes have a higher proportion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a transdermal patch?

    <p>A gel with or without a cover, which is placed on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a suppository?

    <p>It is a solid drug form that melts at body heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major factor that determines the ionization state of a drug?

    <p>The pKa of the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the pharmaceutical process in preparing drug formulations?

    <p>To deliver the most appropriate formulation required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of sustained-release formulations used in veterinary medicine?

    <p>Extended dissolution and/or absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate at which drug formulations dissolve?

    <p>The type of inert ingredients used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that influences the bioavailability of a drug?

    <p>The manufacturing process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a drug formulation that determines its absorption rate across the gastric mucosa?

    <p>The lipophilic nature of the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dosage Forms

    • A poultice is a sticky, moist preparation applied externally to provide heat or counter-irritation.
    • A pessary is a solid dosage form deposited in the uterus or vagina, dissolving in fluids present.

    Inhalation Dosage Forms

    • An aerosol is a drug dosage form administered by inhalation, using a propellant.
    • Nebulization is the administration of drugs dispersed as very small droplets of fluid, broken up into micro-particles by ultrasound.
    • Vaporisation is the administration of a drug in a vapour form, using heat, e.g. steam.

    Routes of Administration of Drugs

    • Oral administration includes sub-lingual administration.
    • Parenteral administration includes intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), intraperitoneal, intraosseous, and intrathecal routes.
    • Topical administration includes ointments, creams, lotions, and transdermal patches.

    Topical Preparations

    • Ointments are semi-solid, viscous preparations applied to the skin or mucous membranes.
    • Enemas are fluid preparations for rectal administration.
    • Lotions are watery preparations for external application without friction.
    • Creams are semi-solid emulsions that spread easily when applied to the skin.
    • Suppositories are solid drug forms for insertion into a body cavity, made of a base that melts at body heat.
    • Liniments are solutions of an irritant substance in alcohol, a fixed oil, or a soap, applied to the skin by inunction or rubbing.
    • Collodions are solutions of pyroxylin and colophony in alcohol and ether, forming a solid protective film when applied to the skin.
    • Transdermal patches are gels with or without a cover, placed on the skin.

    Factors Affecting Bioavailability

    • Size: Large drug molecules will not pass through membranes.
    • pKa: The pKa of the drug determines if it is ionised or unionised.

    Pharmaceutical Process

    • The manufacturing process can affect physical and chemical characteristics of drug formulations, influencing bioavailability.
    • Inert ingredients like carriers, binding agents, and coatings are used to prepare different dosage forms.
    • These ingredients affect the rate of dissolution of formulations.

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    Description

    This quiz covers different types of pharmaceutical dosage forms, including poultices, pessaries, and inhalation methods such as aerosols and nebulization. Understand the characteristics and uses of each dosage form.

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