Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of applying a poultice topically?

To provide cooling relief

To inject medication intravenously

To administer drugs orally

To provide heat or counter-irritation (correct)

What is the main difference between a pessary and a suppository?

Pessaries are used for topical application, while suppositories are used for injection

Pessaries are deposited in the uterus or vagina, while suppositories are inserted rectally (correct)

Pessaries are used for parental administration, while suppositories are used for inhalation

Pessaries are used for oral administration, while suppositories are used for topical application

What is the purpose of nebulization in inhalation dosage forms?

To inject medication intravenously

To break up fluids into micro-particles by ultrasound (correct)

To provide cooling relief

To administer drugs in a vapour by means of vaporization and heat

What is the advantage of using topical preparations?

They can be administered locally, providing immediate relief (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using transdermal patches?

To provide a controlled release of medication through the skin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using inhalation dosage forms?

They can provide rapid absorption and rapid onset of action (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a cream?

It is a semi-solid emulsion that spreads easily when applied to the skin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of preparation is used for rectal administration?

Enema (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a collodion?

To form a solid protective film when applied to the skin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an ointment and a paste?

Ointments have a lower proportion of powder, while pastes have a higher proportion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a transdermal patch?

A gel with or without a cover, which is placed on the skin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a suppository?

It is a solid drug form that melts at body heat (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major factor that determines the ionization state of a drug?

The pKa of the drug (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the pharmaceutical process in preparing drug formulations?

To deliver the most appropriate formulation required (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of sustained-release formulations used in veterinary medicine?

Extended dissolution and/or absorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the rate at which drug formulations dissolve?

The type of inert ingredients used (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that influences the bioavailability of a drug?

The manufacturing process (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a drug formulation that determines its absorption rate across the gastric mucosa?

The lipophilic nature of the drug (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dosage Forms

A poultice is a sticky, moist preparation applied externally to provide heat or counter-irritation.
A pessary is a solid dosage form deposited in the uterus or vagina, dissolving in fluids present.

Inhalation Dosage Forms

An aerosol is a drug dosage form administered by inhalation, using a propellant.
Nebulization is the administration of drugs dispersed as very small droplets of fluid, broken up into micro-particles by ultrasound.
Vaporisation is the administration of a drug in a vapour form, using heat, e.g. steam.

Routes of Administration of Drugs

Oral administration includes sub-lingual administration.
Parenteral administration includes intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), intraperitoneal, intraosseous, and intrathecal routes.
Topical administration includes ointments, creams, lotions, and transdermal patches.

Topical Preparations

Ointments are semi-solid, viscous preparations applied to the skin or mucous membranes.
Enemas are fluid preparations for rectal administration.
Lotions are watery preparations for external application without friction.
Creams are semi-solid emulsions that spread easily when applied to the skin.
Suppositories are solid drug forms for insertion into a body cavity, made of a base that melts at body heat.
Liniments are solutions of an irritant substance in alcohol, a fixed oil, or a soap, applied to the skin by inunction or rubbing.
Collodions are solutions of pyroxylin and colophony in alcohol and ether, forming a solid protective film when applied to the skin.
Transdermal patches are gels with or without a cover, placed on the skin.

Factors Affecting Bioavailability

Size: Large drug molecules will not pass through membranes.
pKa: The pKa of the drug determines if it is ionised or unionised.

Pharmaceutical Process

The manufacturing process can affect physical and chemical characteristics of drug formulations, influencing bioavailability.
Inert ingredients like carriers, binding agents, and coatings are used to prepare different dosage forms.
These ingredients affect the rate of dissolution of formulations.

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Description

This quiz covers different types of pharmaceutical dosage forms, including poultices, pessaries, and inhalation methods such as aerosols and nebulization. Understand the characteristics and uses of each dosage form.