Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following describes what drugs are?
Which of the following describes what drugs are?
- Chemical compounds that solely provide energy to the body's cells.
- Substances that reverse the aging process within living organisms.
- Nutrients that enhance physical performance and mental acuity.
- Substances that change the functions of the body when taken by the living organism. (correct)
A drug is described as showing more efficacy when two or more drugs are used together; what interaction is at play in this scenario?
A drug is described as showing more efficacy when two or more drugs are used together; what interaction is at play in this scenario?
- Synergism (correct)
- Antagonism
- Additive Effect
- Potentialization
A core element of the drug administration process is rooted in which of the following?
A core element of the drug administration process is rooted in which of the following?
- Interpersonal skills and cultural sensitivity.
- Technical skills and adequate knowledge (correct)
- Creative skills and artistic expression.
- Financial skills and economical prudence.
What is the FIRST action a health professional should take when there is any doubt or concern regarding a drug request?
What is the FIRST action a health professional should take when there is any doubt or concern regarding a drug request?
The action of checking the medication label against the physician’s order should occur during which of the following activities?
The action of checking the medication label against the physician’s order should occur during which of the following activities?
A nurse is preparing medication. What action should NEVER occur?
A nurse is preparing medication. What action should NEVER occur?
To ensure delivery of the correct medication dosage, what is the FIRST action a medical professional should do?
To ensure delivery of the correct medication dosage, what is the FIRST action a medical professional should do?
When is it appropriate to administer medication?
When is it appropriate to administer medication?
A medical professional is ready to complete documentation after care. What is an INCORRECT action?
A medical professional is ready to complete documentation after care. What is an INCORRECT action?
Before giving a medication, the patient should be informed of which of the following?
Before giving a medication, the patient should be informed of which of the following?
In what instance can a physician’s medication order be administered without documented consent?
In what instance can a physician’s medication order be administered without documented consent?
A verbal informed consent must be obtained from the patient. True or False?
A verbal informed consent must be obtained from the patient. True or False?
Drugs should be placed in clear pill boxes without touching them. True or False?
Drugs should be placed in clear pill boxes without touching them. True or False?
When should a triple medication check be completed?
When should a triple medication check be completed?
What is the times frame in which for oral medications should the patient swallow the medication?
What is the times frame in which for oral medications should the patient swallow the medication?
Where should the medicine be applied when administering Sublingual drugs?
Where should the medicine be applied when administering Sublingual drugs?
A rectal drug application requires which of the following?
A rectal drug application requires which of the following?
What type of medicine is adhered to the skin in the form of a patch, is used for hormone replacement therapy, and requires the date and time of application to be noted on the drug?
What type of medicine is adhered to the skin in the form of a patch, is used for hormone replacement therapy, and requires the date and time of application to be noted on the drug?
Select the TRUE statement regarding the use of more than one drug when using a nebulizer.
Select the TRUE statement regarding the use of more than one drug when using a nebulizer.
Which of the following statements define Parenteral Treatment
Which of the following statements define Parenteral Treatment
Which of the following sites is the most commonly used for vaccines?
Which of the following sites is the most commonly used for vaccines?
Identify the maximum ML allowed for Deltoid Muscle injections.
Identify the maximum ML allowed for Deltoid Muscle injections.
When administering injections, should the skin be cleaned with alcohol from the outside to the center?
When administering injections, should the skin be cleaned with alcohol from the outside to the center?
After aspiration, if blood is drawn into the syringe, what is the correct action?
After aspiration, if blood is drawn into the syringe, what is the correct action?
Technique that is used to prevent tracking(leakage) of medication
Technique that is used to prevent tracking(leakage) of medication
When is it preferred to deliver a drug intravenously?
When is it preferred to deliver a drug intravenously?
Choose the option most closely aligned with this statement: Parenteral drug administration is a/an _____ nursing practice.
Choose the option most closely aligned with this statement: Parenteral drug administration is a/an _____ nursing practice.
In IV implementations, which of the following must occur?
In IV implementations, which of the following must occur?
Why might a doctor order an IV fluid?
Why might a doctor order an IV fluid?
What happens when the tourniquet is kept on the arm for a long time?
What happens when the tourniquet is kept on the arm for a long time?
Which condition is indicated by the collection of air bubbles remaining in the liquid set?
Which condition is indicated by the collection of air bubbles remaining in the liquid set?
Blood and blood products should not be mixed with what?
Blood and blood products should not be mixed with what?
The medicine is drawn from the ampule of vial using how many correct principles?
The medicine is drawn from the ampule of vial using how many correct principles?
What does the process of Parcalanma mean regarding drugs and medications?
What does the process of Parcalanma mean regarding drugs and medications?
What is the appropriate action when medicines with the change color, odor or appearance?
What is the appropriate action when medicines with the change color, odor or appearance?
What conditions are there where medication should be given via IV?
What conditions are there where medication should be given via IV?
What should never be done with the skin, after an injection?
What should never be done with the skin, after an injection?
Syringes should be held like what tool?
Syringes should be held like what tool?
What the most you should apply the tourniquet?
What the most you should apply the tourniquet?
What are the three types of IV fluids?
What are the three types of IV fluids?
What are signs of hemolytic reactions?
What are signs of hemolytic reactions?
Which of the following correctly describes the primary sources from which drugs are derived?
Which of the following correctly describes the primary sources from which drugs are derived?
Which aspect of drug administration necessitates both comprehensive medication knowledge and skillful administration techniques?
Which aspect of drug administration necessitates both comprehensive medication knowledge and skillful administration techniques?
What is the primary purpose of classifying drugs into solid, liquid, semi-solid, and gaseous forms?
What is the primary purpose of classifying drugs into solid, liquid, semi-solid, and gaseous forms?
How do genetic and cultural factors MOST significantly influence drug activity in patients?
How do genetic and cultural factors MOST significantly influence drug activity in patients?
In a scenario where two drugs are combined, and the resulting effect amplifies the action of one drug beyond its individual capability, which type of drug interaction is MOST likely occurring?
In a scenario where two drugs are combined, and the resulting effect amplifies the action of one drug beyond its individual capability, which type of drug interaction is MOST likely occurring?
What is the correct sequential order of the four basic stages that constitute drug metabolism in the human body?
What is the correct sequential order of the four basic stages that constitute drug metabolism in the human body?
To maintain the integrity and efficacy of drugs in a healthcare setting, which storage practice should be prioritized?
To maintain the integrity and efficacy of drugs in a healthcare setting, which storage practice should be prioritized?
In emergency situations requiring immediate drug administration, what is the REQUIRED protocol regarding physician orders?
In emergency situations requiring immediate drug administration, what is the REQUIRED protocol regarding physician orders?
Why is health care staff being directed to check doctor's orders every morning?
Why is health care staff being directed to check doctor's orders every morning?
Which of the following actions is MOST critical in ensuring the 'Right Patient' aspect of medication administration safety?
Which of the following actions is MOST critical in ensuring the 'Right Patient' aspect of medication administration safety?
During medication preparation, what is the primary reason that a nurse should never administer a medication prepared by another person?
During medication preparation, what is the primary reason that a nurse should never administer a medication prepared by another person?
Besides patient identification, what additional verification step is MOST important before administering medication?
Besides patient identification, what additional verification step is MOST important before administering medication?
Why should the person administrating the drug review the dosage of the drug?
Why should the person administrating the drug review the dosage of the drug?
If a patient refuses to have a medicine administered to them what needs to occur?
If a patient refuses to have a medicine administered to them what needs to occur?
What is the primary rationale for healthcare providers to obtain a detailed medical tests appropriately before administering medications?
What is the primary rationale for healthcare providers to obtain a detailed medical tests appropriately before administering medications?
Which of the following considerations is MOST pertinent when ensuring patient safety during drug applications?
Which of the following considerations is MOST pertinent when ensuring patient safety during drug applications?
What steps should be taken to ensure the patient is positioned in the best manner?
What steps should be taken to ensure the patient is positioned in the best manner?
Which procedure demonstrates the correct application after medication materials are prepared?
Which procedure demonstrates the correct application after medication materials are prepared?
What action is required for all narcotics?
What action is required for all narcotics?
Among the options listed, which route of drug administration is recognized for generally having the FASTEST absorption rate?
Among the options listed, which route of drug administration is recognized for generally having the FASTEST absorption rate?
A physician prescribes a liquid medication to be administered at 15 ml. What is the MOST appropriate household equivalent to ensure accurate dosing?
A physician prescribes a liquid medication to be administered at 15 ml. What is the MOST appropriate household equivalent to ensure accurate dosing?
A patient receives a drug that induces a systemic effect. How does this drug exert its influence on the body?
A patient receives a drug that induces a systemic effect. How does this drug exert its influence on the body?
When administering medications to the skin, what forms are acceptable?
When administering medications to the skin, what forms are acceptable?
When eye medicine is being applied to both eyes, which eye do you adminster the drugs first, and why?
When eye medicine is being applied to both eyes, which eye do you adminster the drugs first, and why?
Following the application of nose drops, what position should the patient maintain to enhance medication effectiveness?
Following the application of nose drops, what position should the patient maintain to enhance medication effectiveness?
To maintain the correct temperature and to protect patient modesty, it is recommended to do what to vaginal suppository?
To maintain the correct temperature and to protect patient modesty, it is recommended to do what to vaginal suppository?
In administering ear drops to adults, what technical step is MOST appropriate to maximize medication delivery?
In administering ear drops to adults, what technical step is MOST appropriate to maximize medication delivery?
Why is drug delivery through the gastrointestinal tract so popular?
Why is drug delivery through the gastrointestinal tract so popular?
What is a critical step after you have placed all drugs into a pill sorter for oral administration?
What is a critical step after you have placed all drugs into a pill sorter for oral administration?
What BEST characterizes the sublingual administration of a drug?
What BEST characterizes the sublingual administration of a drug?
What BEST defines important aspects with rectal drug administration?
What BEST defines important aspects with rectal drug administration?
What step is NEEDED to be taken, when using transdermal patches?
What step is NEEDED to be taken, when using transdermal patches?
Following the administration of drugs via a nebulizer, what step is MOST important to ensure patient safety and maximize therapeutic benefit?
Following the administration of drugs via a nebulizer, what step is MOST important to ensure patient safety and maximize therapeutic benefit?
What defines parenteral treatment?
What defines parenteral treatment?
When you are administering subcutaneously, what angle is needed?
When you are administering subcutaneously, what angle is needed?
Why should you NOT perform as aspiration blood control with insulin?
Why should you NOT perform as aspiration blood control with insulin?
In what manner should the skin be stretched to inject the medicine?
In what manner should the skin be stretched to inject the medicine?
What does it mean to use the Z track technique?
What does it mean to use the Z track technique?
What are some reasons for administering drugs intravenously?
What are some reasons for administering drugs intravenously?
During the IV Process what tool allows staff members to determine the sizes.
During the IV Process what tool allows staff members to determine the sizes.
Why do you remove air bubbles from a bag after the set has been placed?
Why do you remove air bubbles from a bag after the set has been placed?
When there is a transfusion reaction, what should be done?
When there is a transfusion reaction, what should be done?
If a patient requires a drug that needs to bypass the liver's first-pass metabolism for quicker systemic availability, which administration route is MOST suitable?
If a patient requires a drug that needs to bypass the liver's first-pass metabolism for quicker systemic availability, which administration route is MOST suitable?
Which of the following factors, if altered, would MOST significantly affect the distribution of a water-soluble drug within the body?
Which of the following factors, if altered, would MOST significantly affect the distribution of a water-soluble drug within the body?
In drug storage protocols, which of the following strategies is MOST important for maintaining medication efficacy and preventing degradation?
In drug storage protocols, which of the following strategies is MOST important for maintaining medication efficacy and preventing degradation?
When drug efficacy is being determined, how do synergism and antagonism differ in their mechanisms of action regarding combined drug effects?
When drug efficacy is being determined, how do synergism and antagonism differ in their mechanisms of action regarding combined drug effects?
A patient is prescribed multiple medications, including one that is known to induce certain liver enzymes. How might this MOST significantly affect the metabolism of other drugs?
A patient is prescribed multiple medications, including one that is known to induce certain liver enzymes. How might this MOST significantly affect the metabolism of other drugs?
In performing the ‘Right Route’ of medication administration, what consideration is MOST critical for ensuring patient safety?
In performing the ‘Right Route’ of medication administration, what consideration is MOST critical for ensuring patient safety?
When checking 'Right Documentation', what is the MOST important reason for documenting medication administration immediately after it is given?
When checking 'Right Documentation', what is the MOST important reason for documenting medication administration immediately after it is given?
A patient scheduled to receive eye drops expresses concern about potential vision blurring afterwards. What should the medical provider do?
A patient scheduled to receive eye drops expresses concern about potential vision blurring afterwards. What should the medical provider do?
To optimize the effectiveness of nasal drops for a patient with severe congestion, which action will the medical professional do?
To optimize the effectiveness of nasal drops for a patient with severe congestion, which action will the medical professional do?
What is the rationale for warming a suppository before administration?
What is the rationale for warming a suppository before administration?
Which action best supports the efficient administration of ear drops of an adult?
Which action best supports the efficient administration of ear drops of an adult?
When administering a sublingual medication, why is it important to ensure the patient does not swallow the tablet?
When administering a sublingual medication, why is it important to ensure the patient does not swallow the tablet?
What aspect related to an enema is essential to prevent potential complications or discomfort for the patient?
What aspect related to an enema is essential to prevent potential complications or discomfort for the patient?
After applying a transdermal patch, which step is MOST critical to ensure patient safety and proper dosage?
After applying a transdermal patch, which step is MOST critical to ensure patient safety and proper dosage?
Before injecting a medication, the injection site is cleaned with alcohol. Why is this practice important?
Before injecting a medication, the injection site is cleaned with alcohol. Why is this practice important?
Why is aspiration performed during Intramuscular injections?
Why is aspiration performed during Intramuscular injections?
Compared to other methods of delivering medicine, Why is it important to administer drugs intravenously?
Compared to other methods of delivering medicine, Why is it important to administer drugs intravenously?
To prevent complications during IV therapy. What is the maximum recommended time to leave a tourniquet?
To prevent complications during IV therapy. What is the maximum recommended time to leave a tourniquet?
When changing an IV site, a nurse notes redness, discomfort, warmth, and mild swelling. Which IV complication is MOST likely?
When changing an IV site, a nurse notes redness, discomfort, warmth, and mild swelling. Which IV complication is MOST likely?
A patient receiving an IV reports sudden chills, back pain, and difficulty breathing. What is the priority?
A patient receiving an IV reports sudden chills, back pain, and difficulty breathing. What is the priority?
Flashcards
What is a drug?
What is a drug?
Drugs are substances that change the body's functions.
Main drug sources
Main drug sources
Animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic.
Dosage forms
Dosage forms
Solid, liquid, semi-solid, and gaseous.
Factors affecting drug activity
Factors affecting drug activity
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Drug interactions
Drug interactions
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Drug metabolism stages
Drug metabolism stages
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Drug storage
Drug storage
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Medicine cabinet
Medicine cabinet
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Physician medication order
Physician medication order
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Parts of medication order
Parts of medication order
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Rights of drug administration
Rights of drug administration
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Right route
Right route
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Why follow 'rights'?
Why follow 'rights'?
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Drug applications
Drug applications
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Triple check
Triple check
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Narcotic drugs
Narcotic drugs
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Drug absorption rates
Drug absorption rates
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Drug effect
Drug effect
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Local administration sites
Local administration sites
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Systemic application sites
Systemic application sites
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Enteral
Enteral
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Buccal
Buccal
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Rectal - Sims position
Rectal - Sims position
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Transdermal administration
Transdermal administration
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Inhalation
Inhalation
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Intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection
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Subcutanous Injections
Subcutanous Injections
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Syringe use
Syringe use
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Subcutaneous injection
Subcutaneous injection
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Z-track
Z-track
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IV use
IV use
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Study Notes
Drug Applications Overview
- Drug applications are a core aspect of medical practice, aiming to provide necessary treatments to patients.
- The goal is to be able to successfully carry out the practices for giving medicine.
Drugs & Their Sources
- Drugs can change bodily functions and are obtained from animals, vegetables, minerals, and through synthetic means.
- Medicines come in different forms, each designed with a specific content for targeted therapeutic effects.
Drug Administration Skill Set
- Drug administration is a critical function involving technical skills and adequate medication knowledge.
- The process requires administering medications with knowledge and skill.
Classification of Drugs By Dosage Form
- Dosage forms can be solids, liquids, semi-solids and gases.
- Solids can be broken down into unit dosages in tablets and capsules.
- Bulks dosage can be in things like tooth powder and dusting powder.
- Liquids come in two types, monophasic (syrups, lotions) and biphasic (suspensions, emulsions).
- Semi-solids can be in creams, ointments, pastes, gels, suppositories, and pessaries.
- Gases will primarily be aerosols and inhalations.
Factors Affecting Drug Activity
- Drug activity in the body is influenced by growth period, weight, gender, genetics, cultural factors, psychological state, and illnesses.
- Environmental conditions, treatment duration, adverse drug effects, and individual differences also influence drug reactions
- Babies, the elderly and the terminally ill will not always have the same dosages as a standard adult.
Drug Interactions
- Synergism occurs when multiple drugs are used together, enhancing their efficacy.
- Additional effects involve an increased impact when drugs are combined.
- Potentialization happens when two drugs used in tandem produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects.
- Antagonism is when one drug reduces the effect of another, e.g., naloxone reducing the effects of narcotics.
Drug Metabolism
- Drug metabolism occurs in four stages: absorption, transport (distribution), change (disintegration), and excretion (elimination).
Supply and Storage Guidelines
- Medications must be stored in a locked room that's clean, dry, airy and cool.
- Bottles should be tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and moisture absorption.
- Oily or diluted medicines must be refrigerated, paying attention to expiration dates
- Expired drugs or those with altered color, odor, or appearance should not be used.
- Artificial lighting is needed in medicine cabinets.
Securing and Labeling
- Emergency medications must be kept in a separate compartment.
- Medications with similar effects should also be stored together.
- Medicine cabinets need to be spacious enough for all patient medications
- Narcotics must be kept in a double-locked cabinet and must be signed for
- Poisonous drugs must be labeled with a red label for caution.
Physician Medication Order
- Safe drug administration requires a written physician medication order.
- Drug administration without a written order is prohibited unless there is an emergency.
- There are regular requests, requests if necessary and urgent requests (single dose request).
Medication Order Components
- A medication order should specify the patient’s name, date/time, the drug name, dosage, administration route, frequency, and the prescribing doctor’s signature.
Verifying and Implementing Orders
- Doctor's orders should be counted on first write.
- Health professionals must check doctor's orders every morning to adjust and transfer them to the recording system.
- Nursing staff should record orders on observation sheets.
- It's necessary to consult the ordering physician if there is doubt about request.
Process of Implementing Orders
- The medical professional will check medications, sign and date the doctor's order.
- Put the date, time and sign under the doctors order
- A line should be drawn to avoid other medications being written.
Rights of Medical Administration
- Performing medical administrations require a patient, medication, dose, route, and time.
- It also requires a document, client education, the right to refuse, assessment, and evaluation, and must be conducted to a set of rules.
Right Patient
- Confirm the patient's identity through an identification bracelet.
- Always ask for stating their name and birth date.
- Compare the medical administration order with patients stated date/birth.
- Verify patient has allergy's.
Right Medication
- Confirm that you are administering what is on the medications lable with a triple performing an action.
- It must be done during retrieving, performing and administering.
- All medications labels should be performed during the administrations before you administer.
- You never administer a medications prepared by another medical staff and labeled.
Right Dose
- Confirm that you have a valid dosage you should check the medications label on the bottle.
- The dose that you are administer should be confirmed.
- In medications administer make all calculations be checked two times or have medical personal confirmed.
- You must confirmed that the patient doesn't have a under appropriate issues.
Right Time
- Before administering medications you should confirm you have all the medications.
- The date, time and administration's should be verified.
Right Route
- In medical administrations you should confirm you have the best route and follow it.
- Don't provide with another route that isn't in the order in the administrations documents.
Right Documentation
- A right document has a never document before medications is administered, in it should have a name and date, etc.
- All components will be listed in the administrations documents.
Right Client Education
- Clients should have medical education on the topic before they follow any administrations.
- Have knowledge of the medical administration and the desired effects.
- It's good to tell the patients any knowledge about the medications you have.
Right To Refuse
- If patients are rejecting the medications it's to verify that they care giver's doesn't have any issue's.
- With their well being.
- In doing this they should be asked to sign the paperwork.
Right Assessment
- Right assessment is important you will follow.
- With care the medications if they are safe for their status.
- You need to confirm or you'll need notification.
- Document, so it's should't be administered and the reasons why it should be skipped in the process.
Right Evaluation
- All medical administrations needs patients evaluation that should be done if any side effects shows.
- As side effects will show during the process of the medical applications.
General Principles of Drug Applications:
- Ensure you know the 10 rights of drug admin and use proper hand hygeine and wear gloves
- Introduce yourself, inform the patient about the procedure, obtain verbal consent, maintain confidentiality, and position the patient correctly.
- Gather all materials on the tray, ensure the patient takes medications, healthcare workers will prepare the medicines themselves.
- It needs to be corrected by a director because if any medication wasn't right the provider should have the best knowledge.
- Patients with allergy's should be in order
Accuracy:
- You should have a triple check with performing and medical adminisration.
Key application considerations
- Verify patient identity.
- Ensure the patient swallows oral medications, give missed mediations as possible.
- To ensure that you should have the most knowlagable in the system as it performs to the specific things.
- And to inform their status or knowledge about their status to help.
Double checking narcotic drugs
- Medical staff should be prepared and counted per shift and documented through the times.
Key Absorption Rates To Understand (minutes):
- Rates will change based on the medical delivery from rates from
- Intracardiac 15 seconds
- Intravenously 30 and 60
- Inhalation 3
- Dermal 15- 30 min
Measurements For Medical Administrations
- Medical administrations come in great measurements.
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