9 Questions
What is the mechanism of action of Thiopental sodium?
It increases the opening duration of chloride ionophore.
In which types of procedures is Thiopental Sodium used as a sole anaesthetic agent?
Short procedures lasting around 15 minutes
What is one of the uses of Thiopental Sodium in neurosurgical patients?
For controlling convulsive states during anaesthesia
At what temperature should Thiopental be stored?
22°C
What is the primary role of Ketamine Hydrochloride?
As an NMDA receptor antagonist with anaesthetic effects
Which of the following is a popular brand name for Thiopental Sodium?
Anesthal
Who developed Ketamine as a replacement for phencyclidine?
Calvin Stevens
What is one use of Ketamine Hydrochloride?
Anaesthesia induction in patients with severe cardiac issues
What type of receptor does Ketamine target?
NMDA receptor
Study Notes
Thiopental Sodium
- Chemical name: Sodium 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2-thiobarbiturate
- Mechanism of action: binds to a distinct binding site at the GABAA receptor, increasing the opening duration of Cl ionophore, and prolonging the post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus
Uses of Thiopental Sodium
- Used as a sole anaesthetic agent for short procedures (15 minutes)
- Used for inducing anaesthesia prior to administering other anaesthetic agents
- Used for supplementing regional anaesthesia
- Used for providing hypnosis during balanced anaesthesia with other agents for analgesia or muscle relaxation
- Used for controlling convulsive states during or after inhalation anaesthesia or local anaesthesia
- Used in neurosurgical patients having increased intracranial pressure
- Used for narcoanalysis and narcosynthesis in psychiatric disorders
Stability and Storage Conditions
- Stored at 22°C
- Remains stable and sterile for 6 days and well beyond 7 days at 3°C
Formulations and Brand Names
- Formulations: Injection, Powder, Solution
- Popular brand names: Pentothal, Anesthal, Thiojex, Pentone, Thiosol
Ketamine Hydrochloride
- NMDA receptor antagonist with a potent anaesthetic effect
- Developed as a replacement for phencyclidine by Calvin Stevens
Explore the mechanism of action of Thiopental Sodium in Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Learn how Thiopental sodium increases the opening duration of Cl ionophore by binding at a distinct site related to the GABAA receptor, and its uses in anesthesia.
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