Pharmaceutical Calculations Quiz

A substance added to a pharmaceutical product to reduce its strength or dilute it. Most often contains no drug substance, examples include sterile water and petrolatum.

A solution of a known concentration prepared for dispensing, usually a strong solution to make weaker ones conveniently.

Changing the proportion of active ingredient to the whole product; can be by adding diluent, active ingredient, or evaporating its vehicle.

A method to solve problems involving mixing solutions of different strengths by using a ratio of differences in strengths.

A special case of alligation medial used whenever a solution of a desired strength needs to be made by mixing two solutions. It involves the use of an X and Y.

When a preparation is made stronger by the addition of active ingredient.

When a preparation is made weaker by adding a diluent.

When a preparation is made stronger by the addition of a like preparation of greater strength.

Method used to solve problems involving altering product strength by using inverse proportion and the equation: Strength 1 x Volume 1 = Strength 2 x Volume 2

Calculating the quantity of active constituent needed and then calculating the quantity of the available solution that will provide the needed amount of constituent.

The percentage strength (v/v) of a substance in a solution refers to the volume of the substance per 100 volumes of the solution. For example, a 40% v/v alcohol solution contains 40 mL of alcohol per 100 mL of solution.

To calculate the required volume of a stock solution for preparing a dilution, you need to consider the desired final volume, the desired final concentration, and the concentration of the stock solution. The equation used is: Volume of Stock Solution = (Desired Final Volume * Desired Final Concentration) / Stock Solution Concentration

When calculating the amount of diluent needed to prepare a specific volume of a solution with a desired concentration, you need to consider the volume of the stock solution, the desired final volume, and the concentration of the stock solution. Volume of Diluent = Desired Final Volume - Volume of Stock Solution.

To prepare a specific volume of a solution with a desired concentration, you can use a formula to calculate the volume of the stock solution needed. Alternatively, you can use the alligation alternate method, which involves crosswise subtraction to determine the required amounts of each component.

When calculating the percentage strength of a mixture, you need to consider the total volume and the individual volumes and strengths of each component. The formula for percentage strength (v/v) is: Percentage Strength (v/v) = (Total Volume of Substance / Total Volume of Solution) * 100

When preparing mixtures that involve a solvent or a vehicle, you need to consider its volume or weight in the total calculation. You can assume the diluent to have zero percentage strength. It's like blending ingredients where one ingredient doesn't contribute to the overall strength, such as water.

A substance added to a pharmaceutical preparation to reduce its strength (concentration). It often contains no drug substance.

A solution of a known concentration prepared for dispensing, usually a strong solution from which weaker ones can be made conveniently.

The process of increasing the strength of a pharmaceutical preparation by adding more active ingredient or a stronger preparation of the same substance.

The process of decreasing the strength of a pharmaceutical preparation by adding a diluent or a weaker preparation of the same substance.

A method to solve problems involving mixing solutions of different strengths, using a ratio of differences in strengths.

A special case of alligation medial used when making a solution of a desired strength by mixing two solutions; uses X and Y to represent the amounts needed from each solution.

A method used to solve problems involving altering product strength by applying the equation: Strength 1 x Volume 1 = Strength 2 x Volume 2.

The process of calculating the amount of active constituent needed in a preparation and then determining the quantity of the available solution (usually concentrated or stock solution) that will provide the needed amount.

The percentage strength (v/v) of a solution refers to the volume of the substance per 100 volumes of the solution. For example, a 40% v/v alcohol solution contains 40 mL of alcohol per 100 mL of solution.

The process of calculating the volume of a stock solution required to prepare a specific dilution, considering the desired final volume, desired final concentration, and the concentration of the stock solution.

A substance added to a pharmaceutical product to increase its strength or concentration.