Untitled Quiz

Study Notes

Defined as hazards predominantly caused by human activities, often resulting in damage to property and loss of life.
Technological hazards stem from industrial conditions, unsafe procedures, infrastructure failures, and accidents.
Examples include industrial pollution, nuclear radiation, toxic waste, dam failure, transportation accidents, factory explosions, fires, and chemical spills.
Natural hazards can also exacerbate technological hazards, affecting communities and ecosystems.

Hydrometeorological hazards are the most common, including floods, droughts, and heatwaves.
Geological hazards arise from tectonic plate movements, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, involving mass movements of solid earth.

Social: Reflects a community's ability to endure and adapt to environmental and social threats, impacting economic and livelihood activities (e.g., farmers affected by drought).
Cultural: How communities prepare for and respond to disasters; destruction of infrastructure can disrupt social connectivity and resilience.
Economic: Relates to a government or community's capacity to absorb financial losses due to disasters.
Ecological: Represents an ecosystem's ability to withstand disturbances and recover, highlighting nature's resilience against changing conditions.

Capacity: The combined strengths and resources that allow communities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters, including tangible (supplies) and intangible (skills) resources.
Coping Capacity: Represents the ability to manage and face disasters effectively.
Factors affecting response capacity: Exposure (shock or stress intensity), sensitivity (vulnerability), and adaptive capacity (skill to adjust and learn).

Aims for disaster risk reduction from 2015 to 2030, asserting that while hazards are inevitable, disasters are not.
Developed through stakeholder consultations and UN-supported negotiations, promoting shared responsibilities among states, local governments, and the private sector.

A legally binding international treaty on climate change adopted in December 2015, aimed at global climate action.
Effective from November 2016, addressing the need for collaborative efforts against climate-related hazards.

Both natural and anthropogenic hazards can interact, leading to socio-natural hazards with significant impacts on human systems.
Example: Landslides can be both natural and anthropogenic due to human activities like farming or construction.

Magnitude: Size of the hazard event measured by energy release; intensity refers to the damage caused.
Speed of Onset: Distinguishes between rapid onset (e.g., earthquakes) and slow onset (e.g., drought), indicating how quickly a hazard develops.

Duration refers to the length of the hazard event; earthquakes last seconds to minutes, while floods may persist for hours or days.

False claims regarding aid provision or goods representation.
Substituting relief goods with inferior products or illegal solicitation for funding.
Tampering with disaster preparedness equipment undermines effective response efforts.