45 Questions
What is the primary goal of an effective argument?
To change someone's perspective about a controversial issue
Why should you avoid personal attacks in your argument?
They can be offensive and weaken your argument
What should you do when addressing the opposing side's views?
Address their views with specific evidence
What is the purpose of using quotes in an argument?
To support your claim with specific evidence
What is the difference between a direct quote and an indirect quote?
A direct quote uses the exact words of someone else
What should you consider when choosing quotes to use in your argument?
The relevance and credibility of the quotes
Why should you avoid showing negative emotion in your argument?
It can distract the audience from the main point
What is the purpose of an effective introduction in an argument?
To grab the audience's attention and make them want to keep reading
What is a characteristic of a strong claim?
It is focused on the issue question
What is the purpose of paraphrasing in an argument?
To state the same information in a different way
What is the purpose of the topic sentence in a body paragraph?
To introduce the paragraph and state the main point
What should be included in the evidence section of a body paragraph?
Facts, quotes, and data from research
What is the purpose of the clincher sentence in a body paragraph?
To summarize the main idea and reinforce the importance of the claim
What is the purpose of signal phrases in an argument?
To identify and distinguish evidence from different sources
What is the purpose of using technical language in an argument?
To prove authority on the issue
What is the purpose of transitions in an argument?
To make the writing flow smoothly and connect ideas
What is the purpose of using active voice in writing?
To emphasize the doer of the action
What is the benefit of understanding verb voices and moods in writing?
It helps to emphasize certain information and focus the audience's attention
What does argumentation primarily rely on?
Solid facts and logical arrangement
Which of the following best describes a counterclaim?
The opposing view to a claim
Why is research critical in forming a rebuttal?
To understand different perspectives and form a response
What role does quoting or paraphrasing from fact-based sources play in an argument?
It shows the argument is informed and credible
Which skill is most important for effective argumentation?
Rhetoric and reading skills
What must a claim be supported with?
Logical reasoning and facts
What is the primary goal of argumentation?
To change someone’s perspective using evidence and logic
What should you do to avoid overusing quotes?
Paraphrase or summarize your research notes
When is it most appropriate to use a direct quote?
When the original words are striking
What must be included when using a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary?
Internal citation
What does an internal citation provide to the reader?
A quick reference for the fact
Why is citing your sources important?
To ensure your audience trusts the information
What is the general role of the body of an argumentative essay?
To contain multiple reasons and evidence supporting the claim
How should the arguments in the body of an essay be organized?
In a logical and well-supported manner
What should you examine each source for to determine its credibility?
Origin, purpose, and bias
Which type of website is mentioned as being filled with content by anyone and potentially untrustworthy?
Wikipedia
What should be included on a Works Cited page?
All resources and the information on how to find them
How can understanding your audience help strengthen your argument?
By tailoring your argument to address their concerns
What type of websites are purposely trying to hide their true agenda?
Legitimate-appearing sites
What grammatical feature is indicative of a passive voice sentence?
An auxiliary verb precedes a verb in its past participle form
Why might passive voice be used in political speech?
To avoid assigning direct responsibility
Which of these sentences is written in active voice?
The committee updated the regulations.
What effect does passive voice often have on the clarity of a sentence?
It often makes responsibility unclear
How can you change the passive sentence 'The crisis was worsened by a communication breakdown' to active voice?
We failed to communicate effectively and made the crisis worse
Which word often follows the use of passive voice indicating what acted on the subject?
by
What is a major drawback of using passive voice?
It avoids giving clear responsibility
What change is required to convert the passive voice to active voice in a sentence?
The direct object becomes the subject
Study Notes
Argumentation and Persuasion
- Argumentation is a method of debate that aims to change someone's perspective on a controversial issue.
- It involves taking a stand on an issue, using solid facts to back up your claim, and disproving counterclaims to support your point.
- Developing rhetoric and argumentation skills is important in many areas of life, especially when dealing with controversial issues.
Understanding the Audience
- The audience can be divided into three groups: those who already agree with you, those who are neutral, and those who hold the opposite view.
- To effectively argue, you need to understand your audience, including their age, background, values, education, and life experiences.
- Knowing your audience helps you anticipate their counterclaims and prepare a strong response.
Writing an Effective Argument
- A strong argument begins with a hook that grabs the audience's attention.
- An effective introduction should include general information, a clear claim, and a reason why the issue is important.
- A strong claim is specific, focused, and clearly connected to the reasons and evidence presented.
- Evidence can be presented in the form of direct and indirect quotes, which can be used to support your claim, add credibility, and provide examples of perspectives on the issue.
Using Quotes and Citations
- Direct quotes should be used sparingly, as they can disrupt the flow of the argument.
- Indirect quotes, such as paraphrased or summarized information, can be used to provide evidence without disrupting the flow.
- Internal citations should be used to give credit to the original author and provide credibility to your argument.
- Failing to cite sources is considered plagiarism.
Organizing the Argument
- The body of the argument should be organized in a logical and well-supported manner.
- Each paragraph should contain one reason or point that supports the claim, along with evidence to back it up.
- Transitions should be used to connect paragraphs and guide the reader through the argument.
- The clincher sentence should summarize the main point of the paragraph and reinforce the importance of the claim.
Features of an Effective Argument
- A direct quote should be used to support the claim and identify the source.
- An indirect quote can be used to provide a summary or paraphrase of someone's words.
- Signal phrases should be used to identify and distinguish evidence.
- Technical language specific to the issue should be used to demonstrate authority.
- Transitions should be used to connect paragraphs and guide the reader through the argument.
Verb Voices and Moods
- Active voice is stronger, clearer, and more direct, while passive voice is weaker and more indirect.
- Active voice takes responsibility, while passive voice displaces it.
- Passive voice can be identified by the use of auxiliary verbs, the word "by", and the lack of clear responsibility.
- Using active voice can make your argument stronger and more effective.
This quiz explores the concept of perspective, point of view, and argumentation. It delves into how one's beliefs and opinions are shaped and how to effectively argue a point using facts and evidence.
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