Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of the excerpt?
What is the main focus of the excerpt?
- The experience at a social gathering (correct)
- The application of Cognitive Behavior Therapy
- The strengths and criticisms of the Cognitive Approach
- Personal Construct Theory
What did the speaker and their friend do after leaving the party?
What did the speaker and their friend do after leaving the party?
- They critiqued the Cognitive Approach
- They shared their perceptions of the gathering (correct)
- They discussed Personal Construct Theory
- They engaged in Cognitive Behavior Therapy
What was the topic of conversation between the speaker and their friend?
What was the topic of conversation between the speaker and their friend?
- The casual attire of people at the party
- Cognitive Personality Variables
- The arrogant behavior of a man at the party (correct)
- The Repertory Grid Technique
Based on the excerpt, what did the friend notice about some people at the party?
Based on the excerpt, what did the friend notice about some people at the party?
What does the excerpt suggest about the friend's perception of the man they met at the party?
What does the excerpt suggest about the friend's perception of the man they met at the party?
According to the text, what is the primary reason for differences in personality?
According to the text, what is the primary reason for differences in personality?
Which theory of personality, developed in the 1950s, is mentioned in the text?
Which theory of personality, developed in the 1950s, is mentioned in the text?
What did Kurt Lewin's field theory of behavior contribute to the cognitive approach to personality?
What did Kurt Lewin's field theory of behavior contribute to the cognitive approach to personality?
How does George Kelly compare people to in his Personal Construct Theory?
How does George Kelly compare people to in his Personal Construct Theory?
What is the role of personal constructs, according to the text?
What is the role of personal constructs, according to the text?
What do psychologists refer to as the cognitive representation of oneself?
What do psychologists refer to as the cognitive representation of oneself?
What term is used for the mental representations unique to an individual?
What term is used for the mental representations unique to an individual?
Which factor plays a central role in the way individuals process information and interact with the world around them?
Which factor plays a central role in the way individuals process information and interact with the world around them?
According to the text, what is included in the core of an individual's self-schema?
According to the text, what is included in the core of an individual's self-schema?
What is the term used for the behaviors and attributes that are most important to an individual?
What is the term used for the behaviors and attributes that are most important to an individual?
What did George Kelly develop as a way of explaining how people make sense of others and their behavior?
What did George Kelly develop as a way of explaining how people make sense of others and their behavior?
Where did George Kelly receive his psychology PhD from?
Where did George Kelly receive his psychology PhD from?
What example constructs were mentioned in the text to explain personal construct theory?
What example constructs were mentioned in the text to explain personal construct theory?
At which university did George Kelly study education?
At which university did George Kelly study education?
Where did George Kelly set up a network of clinics for Dust Bowl victims?
Where did George Kelly set up a network of clinics for Dust Bowl victims?
According to George Kelly's theory of personality, what is the root cause of most psychological problems?
According to George Kelly's theory of personality, what is the root cause of most psychological problems?
What was George Kelly's approach as a therapist in helping clients with psychological problems?
What was George Kelly's approach as a therapist in helping clients with psychological problems?
What do cognitive personality psychologists focus on as the key to understanding personality and behavior?
What do cognitive personality psychologists focus on as the key to understanding personality and behavior?
What are some examples of cognitive variables introduced by cognitive personality psychologists?
What are some examples of cognitive variables introduced by cognitive personality psychologists?
How does the cognitive model of personality link situations with behavior?
How does the cognitive model of personality link situations with behavior?
Flashcards
Post-Party Activity
Post-Party Activity
Sharing perceptions and thoughts about the social gathering they attended.
Conversation Topic
Conversation Topic
Arrogant behavior of a man encountered at the party.
Party Attire
Party Attire
Some attendees were dressed very casually.
Man's Perceived Trait
Man's Perceived Trait
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Cause of Personality Differences
Cause of Personality Differences
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1950s Personality Theory
1950s Personality Theory
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Kurt Lewin's Contribution
Kurt Lewin's Contribution
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Kelly's Analogy for People
Kelly's Analogy for People
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Role of Personal Constructs
Role of Personal Constructs
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Cognitive Self-Representation
Cognitive Self-Representation
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Individual Mental Representations
Individual Mental Representations
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Central Factor in Information Processing
Central Factor in Information Processing
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Core of Self-Schema
Core of Self-Schema
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Important Behaviors/Attributes
Important Behaviors/Attributes
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Kelly's Explanation for Behavior
Kelly's Explanation for Behavior
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Kelly's PhD University
Kelly's PhD University
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Example Constructs
Example Constructs
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Kelly's Education University
Kelly's Education University
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Root of Psychological Problems
Root of Psychological Problems
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Kelly's Therapy Method
Kelly's Therapy Method
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Behaviour Keys
Behaviour Keys
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Examples of Cognitive Variables
Examples of Cognitive Variables
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How Situations Link to Behaviour
How Situations Link to Behaviour
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Study Notes
- George Kelly, a practicing psychotherapist, developed a theory of personality based on the idea that people construct their understanding of the world and themselves, and that psychological problems arise from faulty constructs rather than past traumatic experiences.
- Kelly argued that anxiety is the root cause of most psychological problems, arising when personal constructs fail to make sense of life events.
- Kelly's approach as a therapist was to help clients try on new templates or ways of interpreting the world to regain their ability to make sense of their experiences and reduce anxiety.
- Cognitive personality psychologists focus on the elements between stimuli and responses as the key to understanding personality and behavior.
- They have introduced a number of cognitive variables, or cognitive-affective units, to explain individual differences in how people act based on their mental representations and the way they process information.
- Some cognitive variables include encodings (constructs for encoding information about the self, others, events, and situations), expectations and beliefs, affects (feelings, emotions, and emotional responses), goals and values, and competencies and self-regulatory plans.
- The cognitive model of personality is a complex system that links situations with behavior through cognitive structures and mental representations.
- The way we react to features in the environment depends on our cognitive structures, and our behavior can then affect the situation.
- Each person possesses a unique set of mental representations, and the ease with which individuals access certain kinds of information stored in memory varies, leading to individual differences in response to situations.
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