15 Questions
What is the most noticeable and significant feature of personality disorders?
Negative effect on interpersonal relationships
When did the first formal attempt to classify personality disorders occur?
1952
What is the term for personality traits that do not meet the threshold for a personality disorder?
Adaptive traits
What is the most noticeable effect of personality disorders on interpersonal relationships?
Difficulties and problems
Who did Hippocrates describe as 'the sad melancholic'?
Those with personality disorders
How do individuals with personality disorders often view their difficulties in relationships?
As a result of external factors
What is the variation on the temperaments described by Hippocrates up to the 20th Century?
4 temperaments
What was the first formal attempt to classify personality disorders?
DSM-I
According to Hippocrates, which temperament was described as 'the sad melancholic'?
Fire and Water
What is the most noticeable and significant feature of personality disorders?
Negative effect on interpersonal relationships
When is a diagnosis of personality disorder warranted?
If the traits cause subjective distress
How do individuals with personality disorders often view their difficulties in relationships?
They believe society should change, not them
When is a diagnosis of personality disorder warranted?
If traits are inflexible, maladaptive, and enduring; start in childhood/adolescence; and cause functional impairment/subjective distress
According to Hippocrates, which temperament was described as 'the sad melancholic'?
Sad melancholic
What was the first formal attempt to classify personality disorders?
DSM-I
Study Notes
Personality Disorders
- The most noticeable and significant feature of personality disorders is their impact on interpersonal relationships.
- The first formal attempt to classify personality disorders occurred in ancient Greece, specifically by Hippocrates.
Classification and Diagnosis
- A diagnosis of personality disorder is warranted when an individual's traits cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning.
- The term for personality traits that do not meet the threshold for a personality disorder is "trait accrual."
Historical Background
- Hippocrates described four temperaments: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.
- The variation on the temperaments described by Hippocrates was continued up to the 20th Century.
- According to Hippocrates, the melancholic temperament was described as "the sad melancholic."
Impact on Relationships
- The most noticeable effect of personality disorders on interpersonal relationships is significant distress or impairment.
- Individuals with personality disorders often view their difficulties in relationships as the result of others' behavior or circumstances, rather than their own actions or traits.
Test your knowledge about personality disorders with this quiz. Learn about the chronic, inflexible, and maladaptive patterns of relating to the world, and their impact on interpersonal relationships.
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