30 Questions
What percentage of the general population is estimated to have personality disorders?
10% to 20%
What percentage of psychiatric inpatients have a primary diagnosis of a personality disorder?
15%
What percentage of those with a primary diagnosis of major mental illness also have a coexisting personality disorder?
40% to 45%
In mental health outpatient settings, what is the estimated incidence of personality disorder?
40% to 50%
What is a common outcome for clients with personality disorders?
Higher death rate, especially as a result of suicide
What are personality disorders highly correlated with?
Criminal behavior, alcoholism, and drug abuse
Why are people with personality disorders often described as 'treatment resistant'?
Due to deeply ingrained personality characteristics and behavioral patterns
What is difficult to change according to the text?
Personality characteristics and behavioral patterns
What can the slow course of treatment be for family, friends, and health care providers?
Frustrating
What is the higher death rate for clients with personality disorders primarily attributed to?
Suicide
Which of the following traits is NOT considered a major trait in the development of character according to the text?
Conscientiousness
What does self-transcendence relate to in the development of character according to the text?
Feeling part of the universe
What can impact future tasks and psychosocial development according to the text?
Failure to complete developmental tasks at each stage
What significantly shapes character development according to the text?
Family, peer, and social influences
What can personality disorders result from according to the text?
Maladaptive, inflexible ways of viewing self, coping with the world, and relating to others
Why are cultural considerations important in judging personality functioning according to the text?
To understand behavior displayed by people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds
What should not be confused with specific personality disorders according to the text?
Cultural traits like deference, passivity, politeness, or productivity
What can influence diagnostic decisions according to the text?
Gender stereotypes and social biases
Why is it crucial for clinicians to be aware of biases according to the text?
To avoid misdiagnosing individuals from different cultural and social backgrounds
What are the three major traits that contribute to the development of character according to the text?
Self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence
What percentage of the variances in temperament traits do genetic differences account for?
50%
At what age do temperament traits become ingrained?
2 to 3 years
When do the difficulties associated with personality disorders tend to diminish?
40s and 50s
Which theory suggests that temperament is largely inherited, but social learning, culture, and random life events unique to each person influence character?
Psychodynamic theory
What are the four genetically influenced temperament traits?
Harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence
Which personality disorder involves a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood?
Borderline personality disorder
Which personality disorder individuals are less likely to engage in criminal behavior but may have problems with substance abuse and disregard for others' feelings?
Antisocial personality disorder
Which personality disorders tend to remain consistent throughout life?
Schizotypal, avoidant, obsessive–compulsive
What percentage of the variance in temperament traits do genetic differences account for?
50%
At what age do clients with borderline personality disorder tend to demonstrate decreased impulsive behavior, increased adaptive behavior, and more stable relationships, even without treatment?
50
Study Notes
Personality Disorders and Etiology Theories
- Many clients with personality disorders do not perceive their dysfunctional behaviors as a problem and may view changes as a threat.
- The difficulties associated with personality disorders tend to diminish in the 40s and 50s.
- Antisocial personality disorder individuals are less likely to engage in criminal behavior but may have problems with substance abuse and disregard for others' feelings.
- Clients with borderline personality disorder tend to demonstrate decreased impulsive behavior, increased adaptive behavior, and more stable relationships by age 50, even without treatment.
- Some personality disorders like schizotypal, avoidant, and obsessive–compulsive tend to remain consistent throughout life.
- Personality develops through the interaction of hereditary dispositions and environmental influences.
- Genetic differences account for about 50% of the variances in temperament traits.
- There are four genetically influenced temperament traits: harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence.
- Each temperament trait affects a person’s automatic responses to certain situations, ingrained by 2 to 3 years of age.
- DSM5-TR Diagnostic Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder includes a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood.
- Psychodynamic theories suggest that temperament is largely inherited, but social learning, culture, and random life events unique to each person influence character.
- The descriptions of high and low levels of traits correspond closely with the descriptions of various personality disorders.
Test your knowledge of personality disorders and etiology theories with this quiz. Explore key concepts such as genetic influences, DSM5-TR diagnostic criteria, and the impact of temperament on behavior.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
