Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following refers to spirituality and humility in character development?
Which of the following refers to spirituality and humility in character development?
- Cooperativeness
- Self-directedness
- Self-transcendence (correct)
- Responsibility
At which stage does character development mature from infancy to late adulthood?
At which stage does character development mature from infancy to late adulthood?
- Middle age
- Adolescence
- Late adulthood (correct)
- Early childhood
What significantly impacts psychosocial development and specific character traits?
What significantly impacts psychosocial development and specific character traits?
- Genetics
- Educational background
- Family, peer, and social influences (correct)
- Media influence
What do personality disorders result from?
What do personality disorders result from?
Are personality disorders treatable illnesses?
Are personality disorders treatable illnesses?
Why are cultural considerations crucial in judging personality functioning?
Why are cultural considerations crucial in judging personality functioning?
What should not be mistaken for emotional coldness or lack of concern for others in minority groups?
What should not be mistaken for emotional coldness or lack of concern for others in minority groups?
What should not be confused with personality disorders like avoidant personality disorder?
What should not be confused with personality disorders like avoidant personality disorder?
What can influence diagnostic decisions regarding certain personality disorders?
What can influence diagnostic decisions regarding certain personality disorders?
Why should clinicians be aware of biases and cultural differences?
Why should clinicians be aware of biases and cultural differences?
What percentage of the general population is estimated to have personality disorders?
What percentage of the general population is estimated to have personality disorders?
What percentage of psychiatric inpatients have a primary diagnosis of a personality disorder?
What percentage of psychiatric inpatients have a primary diagnosis of a personality disorder?
What percentage of those with a primary diagnosis of major mental illness also have a coexisting personality disorder?
What percentage of those with a primary diagnosis of major mental illness also have a coexisting personality disorder?
In mental health outpatient settings, what is the estimated incidence of personality disorder?
In mental health outpatient settings, what is the estimated incidence of personality disorder?
What is one of the factors highly correlated with personality disorders?
What is one of the factors highly correlated with personality disorders?
Why are people with personality disorders often described as 'treatment resistant'?
Why are people with personality disorders often described as 'treatment resistant'?
What is the estimated death rate among clients with personality disorders?
What is the estimated death rate among clients with personality disorders?
What is one of the increased rates associated with personality disorders?
What is one of the increased rates associated with personality disorders?
Why is it difficult to change one's personality?
Why is it difficult to change one's personality?
What can be frustrating for family, friends, and health care providers in the treatment of personality disorders?
What can be frustrating for family, friends, and health care providers in the treatment of personality disorders?
What percentage of the variances in temperament traits do genetic differences account for?
What percentage of the variances in temperament traits do genetic differences account for?
At what age do difficulties associated with personality disorders tend to diminish?
At what age do difficulties associated with personality disorders tend to diminish?
Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in relationships, self-image, and marked impulsivity?
Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in relationships, self-image, and marked impulsivity?
What is the impact of high harm avoidance behaviors?
What is the impact of high harm avoidance behaviors?
Which personality disorders tend to remain consistent throughout life?
Which personality disorders tend to remain consistent throughout life?
What are the four temperament traits that affect automatic responses to situations?
What are the four temperament traits that affect automatic responses to situations?
What are some characteristics of people with high novelty-seeking temperament?
What are some characteristics of people with high novelty-seeking temperament?
How do many clients with personality disorders perceive their dysfunctional behaviors?
How do many clients with personality disorders perceive their dysfunctional behaviors?
What is a common issue for those with antisocial personality disorder?
What is a common issue for those with antisocial personality disorder?
What influences character despite temperament being largely inherited?
What influences character despite temperament being largely inherited?
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Study Notes
Understanding Personality Disorders and Etiology Theories
- Many clients with personality disorders do not perceive their dysfunctional behaviors as problematic and may view changes as a threat.
- Difficulties associated with personality disorders tend to diminish in the 40s and 50s.
- Those with antisocial personality disorder may have problems with substance abuse and disregard for the feelings of others.
- Clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to demonstrate improved behavior and stable relationships by age 50, even without treatment.
- Some personality disorders, such as schizotypal, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive, tend to remain consistent throughout life.
- Personality develops through the interaction of hereditary dispositions and environmental influences.
- Genetic differences account for about 50% of the variances in temperament traits.
- The four temperament traits are harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence, each affecting automatic responses to situations.
- High harm avoidance behaviors may result in maladaptive inhibition and excessive anxiety, while low harm avoidance behaviors may result in unwarranted optimism.
- Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in relationships, self-image, and marked impulsivity.
- People with high novelty-seeking temperament may be quick-tempered, curious, easily bored, impulsive, and disorderly, while those low in novelty-seeking are stoic, frugal, and reflective.
- Social learning, culture, and random life events unique to each person influence character, despite temperament being largely inherited.
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