Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which theorist is most closely associated with the concept of the 'collective unconscious'?
Which theorist is most closely associated with the concept of the 'collective unconscious'?
- Carl Jung (correct)
- Erik Erikson
- Alfred Adler
- Sigmund Freud
According to the psychodynamic approach, what primarily drives human behavior?
According to the psychodynamic approach, what primarily drives human behavior?
- Learned responses to environmental stimuli.
- Unconscious desires and conflicts. (correct)
- Rational thought and conscious decision-making.
- Genetic predispositions and biological imperatives.
Which of the following theorists proposed a stage theory of psychosocial development spanning the entire lifespan?
Which of the following theorists proposed a stage theory of psychosocial development spanning the entire lifespan?
- Sigmund Freud
- Alfred Adler
- Carl Jung
- Erik Erikson (correct)
Unlike Freud, this theorist emphasized social motives and feelings of inferiority as primary drivers of behavior.
Unlike Freud, this theorist emphasized social motives and feelings of inferiority as primary drivers of behavior.
If Di Rivera's (1997) work significantly contributes to the understanding of defense mechanisms beyond those initially proposed by Freud, which statement accurately describes its impact within the psychodynamic tradition?
If Di Rivera's (1997) work significantly contributes to the understanding of defense mechanisms beyond those initially proposed by Freud, which statement accurately describes its impact within the psychodynamic tradition?
Which of the following is NOT one of the interchangeable terms used in the context of psychological assessment?
Which of the following is NOT one of the interchangeable terms used in the context of psychological assessment?
In the context of personality research, what does 'statistical significance' primarily indicate?
In the context of personality research, what does 'statistical significance' primarily indicate?
What is the primary focus of predictive validity in psychological testing?
What is the primary focus of predictive validity in psychological testing?
Which of Freud’s psychosexual stages is characterized by a focus on control and orderliness, and what personality characteristic is associated with fixation at this stage?
Which of Freud’s psychosexual stages is characterized by a focus on control and orderliness, and what personality characteristic is associated with fixation at this stage?
According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is NOT considered a primary level of awareness?
According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is NOT considered a primary level of awareness?
What purpose does the use of defense mechanisms serve, according to psychodynamic theory?
What purpose does the use of defense mechanisms serve, according to psychodynamic theory?
What is the significance of the 'iceberg metaphor' in the context of discussing personality?
What is the significance of the 'iceberg metaphor' in the context of discussing personality?
In psychoanalysis, what does the concept of 'transference' refer to?
In psychoanalysis, what does the concept of 'transference' refer to?
Assuming a significance level of $p < 0.05$, if a researcher obtains a p-value of 0.06, which course of action is deemed suitable, and what potential risk does it mitigate?
Assuming a significance level of $p < 0.05$, if a researcher obtains a p-value of 0.06, which course of action is deemed suitable, and what potential risk does it mitigate?
Within Freud's theoretical construct, which concept elucidates an intrinsic human inclination towards self-preservation and life-affirmation, often contrasted with forces of aggression and destruction?
Within Freud's theoretical construct, which concept elucidates an intrinsic human inclination towards self-preservation and life-affirmation, often contrasted with forces of aggression and destruction?
Flashcards
Psychodynamic Approach
Psychodynamic Approach
A psychological perspective that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences.
Freud
Freud
Founder of psychoanalysis; known for theories on the unconscious, defense mechanisms, and psychosexual stages.
Jung
Jung
Psychologist who expanded on Freud's concepts and introduced the idea of the collective unconscious and archetypes.
Adler
Adler
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Erikson
Erikson
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Definition of Personality
Definition of Personality
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Collectivist Culture
Collectivist Culture
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Individualist Culture
Individualist Culture
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The Iceberg Metaphor
The Iceberg Metaphor
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Defense Mechanisms
Defense Mechanisms
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Validity
Validity
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Reliability
Reliability
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Psychosexual Stages
Psychosexual Stages
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Oedipus Complex
Oedipus Complex
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Insight Tools in Psychoanalysis
Insight Tools in Psychoanalysis
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Study Notes
Personality & Assessment
- Personality is defined by its traits
- Personality is defined by the situation
- Collectivist vs. individualist cultures affect personality
- Six approaches to understanding personality
- A good theory has two important characteristics: statistical significance and if the effect is large enough to be important.
- "Real difference" is interchangeable with the term "test" in the context of evaluating data.
- Validity tests, Reliability tests, Test-retest, Split-half, content validity, construct validity, predictive validity & peer review are methods of testing the validity and reliability of tests.
- Self-report tests are a type of personality assessment.
- Projective tests - MMPI, NEO Personality Inventory, 16 PF Questionnaire, Rorschach test, Thematic Apperception Test.
- Research in personality often involves correlational and experimental methods to understand the topic, but most rely on correlational data
- Case studies have three weaknesses: issues with the sample, methodological problems and the file drawer problem.
- Case studies are helpful in specific situations like when a case is unique, or involves a rare event, when the goal is to generate new hypotheses, or when the aim is to provide rich, detailed descriptions of specific individuals or events.
Psychodynamic Approach
- Key figures and their theories: Freud, Jung, Adler, Erikson, Di Rivera (1997), Valli & colleagues (2006), Shurcliff (1968)
- Psychoanalytic theory's core components of personality
- Levels of awareness (3) in psychoanalytic theory
- Iceberg metaphor
- Defense mechanisms (7)
- The Franklin Verdict, and the role of age in defense mechanisms
- Freud's ideas surrounding aggression and sports
- Libido (life drive) and Thanatos (death drive)
- Stages of psychosexual development (5)
- Body part focus, task, and fixation (stages of psychosexual development)
- Oedipus complex, Electra complex, anal retentive, anal repulsive personalities
- Key psychoanalytic concepts: psychoanalysis, transference, countertransference, insight tools in psychoanalysis, theories of hypnosis, and human figure drawing test.
- Freud's theory of humor and catharsis
- Analytical psychology, individual psychology, and ego psychology
- Psychosocial stages (8): age range, name of the crisis, and the resultant personality characteristics
- Neo-Freudian thinkers like Duke & Davidson (2002)
- Klinger (1970) and hypnotists
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Description
Explore personality definitions based on traits and situations, considering cultural influences. Learn about six approaches to understanding personality and the characteristics of a good theory. Understand validity and reliability tests. Projective and self-report personality assessment, research methods are also covered.
