Perioperative Nursing Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are the three phases of the surgical experience?

Preoperative, Intraoperative, Postoperative

Which classification is used to describe surgical procedures based on their purpose?

Diagnostic

Ablative

Constructive

All of the above (correct)

Invasive medical procedures performed to diagnose and treat disease are known as ______.

surgery

Match the surgical procedure classification with its function:

Diagnostic = Determine or confirm a diagnosis Ablative = Remove diseased tissue, organ, or extremity Reconstructive = Rebuild tissue or organ that has been damaged Palliative = Alleviate symptoms of a disease (not curative) Signup and view all the answers

Surgery is only performed for medical necessity, not elective reasons.

False Signup and view all the answers

What kind of risks can be mitigated in the preoperative stage?

Various patient risks associated with surgery. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of the nurse in surgical care?

Nursing care for patients undergoing surgery Signup and view all the answers

What are the three phases of the surgical experience?

Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a classification of surgical procedures?

Excessive Signup and view all the answers

Invasive medical procedures are only performed for elective reasons.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a nurse for patients undergoing surgery?

Providing nursing care Signup and view all the answers

A surgical procedure performed to remove diseased tissue is called an ______ surgery.

ablative Signup and view all the answers

What type of surgery aims to alleviate symptoms of a disease but is not curative?

Palliative surgery Signup and view all the answers

What are the classifications used to categorize surgical procedures?

Purpose, risk, technique, urgency Signup and view all the answers

Match the following classifications with their descriptions:

Minor = Minimal physical assault with minimal risk Major = Extensive physical assault and/or serious risk Diagnostic = Determine or confirm a diagnosis Ablative = Remove diseased tissue, organ, or extremity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Perioperative Nursing

Provides care before, during, and after surgery
Specialized area of nursing practice
Requires understanding of surgical anatomy, anticipated physiological disruptions, potential injuries, and risk factors
Includes three phases:
- Preoperative
- Intraoperative
- Postoperative

Surgery

Invasive medical procedure performed to diagnose and treat disease, repair injury, or correct deformity
Can be medically necessary or elective
Nurses have primary responsibility for care of patients undergoing surgery
Requires multidisciplinary teamwork

Classification of Surgical Procedures

Surgeries are classified by purpose, risk, technique, and urgency

Purpose

Diagnostic - Determine or confirm diagnosis
- Examples include breast biopsy, bronchoscopy, and diagnostic laparoscopic procedures
Ablative - Remove diseased tissue, organ, or extremity
- Examples include appendectomy, amputation, and radio-frequency ablation of tumor cells
Constructive - Build tissue or organs that are absent (congenital anomalies)
- Example includes repair of a cleft palate
Reconstructive - Rebuild tissue or organ that has been damaged
- Examples include skin graft after a burn and total joint replacement
Palliative - Alleviate symptoms of a disease (not curative)
- Example includes bowel resection in a patient with terminal cancer
Transplantation - Replace organs/tissue to restore function
- Examples include heart, lung, liver, and kidney transplants

Risk

Minor - Minimal physical assault with minimal risk
- Examples include removal of skin lesions, dilation and curettage (D&C), and cataract extraction
Major - Extensive physical assault and/or serious risk
- Examples include transplantation, total joint replacement, thoracotomy, colostomy, and nephrectomy

Technique

Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) - Minimize incision and tissue disruption
- Examples include laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy
Laser Surgery - Minimize tissue damage
- Examples include laser iridotomy and laser trabeculoplasty

Perioperative Nursing

Perioperative nursing involves care before, during, and after surgery.
It is a specialized area of practice that requires knowledge of surgical anatomy, anticipated physiologic disruptions, potential injuries, and risk factors.
Perioperative nursing encompasses three phases: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative.

Surgery

Surgery is an invasive medical procedure performed to diagnose and treat disease, repair injury, or correct deformity.
It can be medically necessary or elective.
Nurses have primary responsibility for perioperative patient care.
Surgery requires multidisciplinary teamwork.

Classification of Surgical Procedures

Surgical procedures are categorised by purpose, risk, technique, and urgency.

Purpose of Surgical Procedures

Diagnostic: Determines or confirms a diagnosis. Examples include breast biopsy, bronchoscopy, and diagnostic laparoscopic procedures.
Ablative: Removes diseased tissue, an organ, or an extremity. Examples include appendectomy, amputation, and radiofrequency ablation of tumor cells.
Constructive: Builds tissue or organs that are absent (congenital anomalies). An example is repair of a cleft palate.
Reconstructive: Rebuilds tissue or an organ that has been damaged. Examples include skin graft after a burn and total joint replacement.
Palliative: Alleviates symptoms of a disease (not curative). An example is bowel resection in a patient with terminal cancer.
Transplantation: Replaces organs/tissue to restore function. Examples include heart, lung, liver, and kidney transplant.

Risk of Surgical Procedures

Minor: Minimal physical assault with minimal risk. Examples include removal of skin lesions, dilation and curettage (D&C), and cataract extraction.
Major: Extensive physical assault and/or serious risk. Examples include transplantation, total joint replacement, thoracotomy, colostomy, and nephrectomy.

Surgical Technique

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS): Minimizes incision and tissue disruption. Examples include laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy.
Laser surgery: Minimizes tissue damage. Examples include laser iridotomy, laser trabeculoplasty, and laser ablation of skin lesions.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts in perioperative nursing, including the phases of care before, during, and after surgery. It also explores the classification of surgical procedures and the roles of nurses in surgical settings. Test your knowledge on key terms and practices in this specialized area of nursing.