Perioperative Nursing Roles and Aseptic Technique
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary responsibility of the scrub nurse during surgery?

  • Directly manage the anesthetist's activities
  • Complete the patient assessment
  • Prepare the operating room furniture and equipment
  • Maintain asepsis and anticipate the needs of the surgical team (correct)

    • Which task is specifically associated with the circulating nurse?

  • Assist with the clean up post-surgery
  • Correctly initiate surgical counts
  • Provide sterile dressings
  • Open sterile supplies for the scrub nurse (correct)

    • What phase occurs immediately after the completion of the surgical procedure?

  • Intraoperative Care
  • Postoperative Care (correct)
  • Surgical Case Management
  • Preoperative Care

    • Which of the following is NOT performed by the registered nurse first assistant (RNFA)?

    <p>Assist with patient positioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the intraoperative phase, what is crucial to preventing surgical site infections?

    <p>Maintaining aseptic technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the scrub nurse during a surgical procedure?

    <p>Working within the sterile field and directly assisting the surgical team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities is NOT part of the circulating nurse's responsibilities?

    <p>Assisting the surgical team with instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of perioperative care does the surgical scrub occur?

    <p>Intraoperative Care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle that enhances patient safety in the perioperative environment?

    <p>Utilizing a standardized surgical instrument count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the partnership between the scrub and circulating nurse?

    <p>Their collaboration is essential for patient safety and procedure efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)?

    <p>Infection acquired by the patient while receiving treatment in hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practice is essential for maintaining a sterile environment in the operating room?

    <p>Minimizing traffic in and out of the room</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should prophylactic antibiotics be administered before surgical incision?

    <p>60 minutes before</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assumed if the sterility of an item is in question?

    <p>The item is unsterile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far must circulating personnel remain away from the sterile setup?

    <p>6 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of air pressure is required in the operating room?

    <p>Positive pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism has the highest percentage of isolation resistance?

    <p>Staphylococcus (MRSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for effective eye protection under droplet precautions?

    <p>Eye protection, gown, gloves, and mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for airborne precautions beyond gloves and masks?

    <p>Gown for protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wound classification is characterized by no signs of infection and no entry into respiratory, alimentary, or genitourinary tracts?

    <p>Class I: Clean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Class III: Contaminated wounds?

    <p>Open wounds with some obvious signs of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classifications includes wounds that are infected or show existing infections?

    <p>Class IV: Dirty/Infected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the essential considerations for infection control measures in all surgical procedures?

    <p>Extent of microbial presence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Perioperative Environment: Nursing Roles and Aseptic Technique

    • Understanding of three phases of perioperative care: Preoperative Setup, Intraoperative Care, and Postoperative Care.
    • Roles in perioperative nursing: Scrub Nurse and Circulating Nurse, both essential for patient safety.

    Nursing Roles

    Scrub Nurse

    • Registered Nurse (RN) or Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) working within sterile field.
    • Directly assists surgical team; possesses in-depth knowledge of surgical procedures.
    • Anticipates needs, assembles instruments, and verifies their condition.
    • Responsible for maintaining asepsis and conducting surgical counts.

    Circulating Nurse

    • RN who maintains non-sterile duties and oversees overall OR environment.
    • Conducts patient assessments and develops tailored care plans.
    • Assists anesthetist, manages patient positioning, prepares for surgery, and handles documentation.
    • Ensures safety protocols are followed and serves as a coordinator for nursing activities.

    Collaboration of Roles

    • Emphasis on teamwork to enhance patient safety and quality of care.
    • Effective communication is vital for procedural efficiency.

    Preoperative Set Up

    • Preparation before patient arrival and commencement of surgery.
    • Activities include checking surgical equipment, preparing the room, and verifying the surgical procedure pick list.

    Intraoperative Care

    • Begins once the patient is positioned and anesthesia administered.
    • Involves collaboration between Scrub and Circulating Nurses, effective specimen management, and documentation.

    Postoperative Care

    • Initiated at the conclusion of the surgical procedure.
    • Duties include cleanup, disposal of materials, documentation, and patient transfer to the post-op unit.

    Aseptic Technique

    • Critical in preventing Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) and maintaining sterilization protocols.
    • Strict adherence to aseptic conditions, room airflow management, and appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics is essential.

    Infection Prevention Strategies

    • Practice strict asepsis; minimize room traffic and personnel.
    • OR should have positive pressure and specific air exchange rates to maintain sterility.

    Sterile Environment Management

    • Effective surgical scrub and establishment of a sterile field are mandatory.
    • Sterile items should be handled minimally; personnel must maintain proper distance from sterile fields.

    Wound Classification

    • Classification of surgical wounds based on microbial exposure and infection risk:
      • Class I: Clean - Non-infected, no inflammation.
      • Class II: Clean Contaminated - Mucous membrane entry without infection signs.
      • Class III: Contaminated - Open wounds with infection signs, GI tract involvement.
      • Class IV: Dirty/Infected - Existing infections or infected wounds.

    Microbiology Insights

    • Staphylococcus (MRSA): 43% resistance.
    • Enterococcus faecium (VRE): 62% resistance.
    • Escherichia coli: 11% resistance.
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 10% resistance.

    Transmission-Based Precautions

    • Contact Precautions: Eye protection, gown, and gloves.
    • Droplet Precautions: N-95 mask and eye protection.
    • Airborne Precautions: Similar attire with increased distancing in negative or positive pressure environments.

    Key Takeaways

    • Perioperative nursing combines specific roles and teamwork to ensure patient safety, effective communication, and adherence to aseptic techniques to minimize infection risks.
    • Strict protocols are in place to classify wounds and manage aseptic environments in the operating room.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the essential concepts of perioperative nursing, including the different roles of scrub and circulating nurses. You'll explore surgical asepsis, the operating room environment, and best practices to prevent surgical site infections. Gain a comprehensive understanding of aseptic principles in perioperative care.

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