Questions and Answers
What is a classification system for periodontal and peri-implant diseases used for?
A disease classification system is static and cannot be updated.
False
What does a framework for periodontal classification study?
Etiology, susceptibility, pathogenesis, and treatment.
What is the purpose of organizing treatment for clinicians?
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What do disease phenotypes gather?
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The five purposes of a periodontal classification system are to diagnose and treat diseases, communicate findings, present information to patients, __________, and submit information to dental insurance providers.
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In what year was the AAP classification system created?
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What significant update occurred to the AAP classification system in 1999?
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What aspects did the 1999 world workshop in periodontics classify?
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What was the primary goal of the AAP and EFP's collaboration in 2017?
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What is the goal of the 2017 periodontal disease classification system?
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What factors are stages 1 through 4 assigned according to?
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What do grades A through C indicate in the periodontal classification system?
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The __________ is a new category that did not exist in the 1999 system.
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The __________ category contains the 1999 gingival diseases.
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What does the periodontitis category from the 1999 classification include?
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What types of conditions are included in the 'other conditions affecting the periodontium' category?
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What may some healthy patients present with, according to the new category?
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What distinguishes intact periodontium from reduced periodontium?
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What is the significance of grouping previous 'chronic' or 'aggressive' forms?
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Study Notes
Periodontal Classification Overview
- A classification system for periodontal and peri-implant diseases aids clinicians in diagnosis and treatment, and supports scientific exploration of etiology, pathogenesis, natural history, and treatment.
- The classification system is fluid, allowing for updates as new research emerges.
Purpose of Periodontal Classification System
- Assists in diagnosing and treating periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
- Enables accurate communication of clinical findings among dental healthcare providers.
- Helps present disease status information to patients.
- Facilitates prediction of treatment outcomes.
- Provides necessary information for dental insurance submissions.
Historical Context
- The American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) introduced its classification system in 1889, which was later updated in 1999.
- The 1999 system featured eight classifications, including gingival diseases and categorized juvenile/early-onset periodontitis as "aggressive" and chronic periodontitis as "chronic".
Classification Details (1999)
- Focused on extent (generalized vs localized), severity (slight, moderate, severe), rate of progression (aggressive vs chronic), and localization (gingiva vs bone loss).
- The AAP and European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) collaborated to address unresolved issues from the 1999 classification.
Evolution of Classification System
- The development of the classification system reflects emerging research in periodontology and the challenges of unifying various periodontal disease types under one classification.
- In 2017, the AAP and EFP revised the classification system based on the latest evidence.
2017 Classification System
- Introduces a more precise diagnosis through a multidimensional staging and grading system.
- Stages 1-4 are determined by clinical attachment loss, bone loss, probing depth, and other criteria such as furcation involvement and tooth mobility.
- Grades A-C indicate the risk of progressive periodontitis concerning systemic health, smoking exposure, diabetes control, and individual risk factors.
New Categories Introduced (2017)
- "Periodontal health" is a new category not present in the 1999 system.
- The "Gingival diseases and conditions" category incorporates the 1999 gingival diseases.
- The "Periodontitis" category includes chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis as a systemic disease manifestation, and necrotizing periodontitis.
- The "Other conditions affecting the periodontium" category addresses abscesses, periodontitis tied to endodontic lesions, and developmental/acquired deformities.
Insights on Periodontal/Gingival Health
- Healthy patients may exhibit features consistent with periodontal health rather than disease.
- "Intact periodontium" versus "reduced periodontium" distinctions are made, with reduced periodontium occurring in stable periodontitis patients or non-periodontitis patients.
- The revised classification groups previous "chronic" or "aggressive" forms into a single entity termed "periodontitis," emphasizing the lack of consistent evidence for them being distinct diseases.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of periodontal and peri-implant disease classifications with these flashcards. They provide a comprehensive framework for clinicians to diagnose and treat patients effectively. Ideal for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of periodontal diseases.
