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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of duodenal ulcers according to the passage?
What is the primary cause of duodenal ulcers according to the passage?
- Chronic salicylate or NSAID use
- Chronic renal failure and renal transplantation
- Increased gastric acid secretion due to H.pylori infection (correct)
- Elevated serum pepsinogen levels
What is the proposed mechanism by which H.pylori infection leads to increased gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcers?
What is the proposed mechanism by which H.pylori infection leads to increased gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcers?
- Increased parietal cell mass resulting from gastrin stimulation
- Increased release of gastrin due to stimulation of antral G cells by cytokines and diminished production of somatostatin by D cells
- Both (a) and (b) (correct)
- Elevated serum pepsinogen levels
What is the relationship between H.pylori eradication and gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients?
What is the relationship between H.pylori eradication and gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients?
- Gastric acid secretion decreases after H.pylori eradication, but then increases again over time
- Gastric acid secretion returns to normal levels immediately after H.pylori eradication
- Gastric acid secretion remains mildly elevated even after H.pylori eradication, suggesting a genetic component (correct)
- Gastric acid secretion is not affected by H.pylori eradication
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a risk factor for gastric ulcers?
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a risk factor for gastric ulcers?
What is the relationship between H.pylori infection and gastric acid secretion in gastric ulcers?
What is the relationship between H.pylori infection and gastric acid secretion in gastric ulcers?
Which of the following is the most common location for a peptic ulcer to occur?
Which of the following is the most common location for a peptic ulcer to occur?
What is the primary cause of peptic ulcers that are not due to Helicobacter pylori infection?
What is the primary cause of peptic ulcers that are not due to Helicobacter pylori infection?
What is the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic gastritis?
What is the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chronic gastritis?
Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease?
Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease?
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Study Notes
- Duodenal Ulcer (DU) is characterized by mild gastric acid hypersecretion, primarily due to increased gastrin release from H.pylori infection, leading to stimulation of antral G cells and reduced somatostatin production by D cells.
- The increased parietal cell mass in DU patients results in an exaggerated acid response to gastrin, which normalizes with eradication of H.pylori, but some patients may still have elevated acid output post-eradication, suggesting a possible genetic component to gastric acid hypersecretion.
- H.pylori infection can also elevate serum pepsinogen levels and compromise mucosal defenses in the duodenum by affecting gastric metaplasia patches, which are linked to gastric acid hypersecretion or rapid gastric emptying.
- Risk factors for DU include factors like glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, chronic renal failure, cirrhosis, and chronic lung disease.
- Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) most commonly occurs in the duodenal bulb (DU) and stomach (GU), with H.pylori infection being a primary cause, while chronic use of salicylates or NSAIDs can also lead to gastric ulcers and increase the risk of bleeding or perforation.
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