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Questions and Answers
What is the primary area of focus for the course taught by Prof. Roscigno?
What is the anatomical container of some of the main organs of interest in this course?
What is the definition of the pelvis?
What is the false pelvis?
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What is the focus of the first class taught by Prof. Roscigno?
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What is typically considered part of the abdominal cavity?
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What is the purpose of the additional material reported in blue?
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What is the format of the professor's explanations during the class?
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What is the name of the hospital where Prof. Roscigno works?
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What is the reason why the false pelvis is called 'false'?
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Study Notes
Pelvis Structure
- The pelvic canal forms a ventrally concave curve (the curve of Carus) and is larger and more circular in females than in males.
- The pelvic cavity extends from the pelvic brim to the pelvic floor and contains pelvic viscera (GI, urinary, and reproductive organs).
Pelvic Wall
- The pelvic wall is composed of: • Bones: pelvic girdle (two hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx) • Muscles: posterolaterally (piriformis muscle), anterolaterally (obturator internus muscle) • Endopelvic fascia overlying and ensheathing muscles • Ligaments: sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament • Joints: lumbosacral joints, sacrococcygeal joint, sacroiliac joint, pubic symphysis • Apertures: from superior to inferior: greater sciatic foramen, lesser sciatic foramen, obturator canal
Pelvic Floor
- The pelvic floor is a muscular partition formed by the levatores ani and coccygei muscles, with which may be included the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects.
- The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region (including perineum) below.
- 2 main hiati are present in the pelvic floor: • Urogenital hiatus: situated anteriorly, allows passage of the urethra (and the vagina in females). • Rectal hiatus: allows passage of the anus.
True Pelvis
- The true pelvis is an oval or bowl-shaped structure composed of bones, ligaments, and muscles lining its inner surface.
- It contains the pelvic cavity with its organs and the perineum.
- Boundaries: • Superiorly (roof): the pelvic inlet • Inferiorly (floor): the pelvic outlet • Posteriorly: the sacrum and coccyx • Laterally: the fused bones of the ilium and ischium and the obturator internus • Anteriorly: the pubis and pubic symphysis
Pelvic Inlet and Outlet
- The pelvic inlet (upper/superior pelvic aperture) is at the level of a plane passing through the sacral promontory posteriorly, the arcuate line of the ileum and iliopectineal line laterally, and the posterior surface of the pubic crest and pubic symphysis anteriorly.
- The pelvic outlet (lower/inferior pelvic aperture) is formed by the pubic arch anteriorly, the ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities laterally, posterolaterally by the sacrotuberous ligaments, and posteriorly by the distal sacrum and proximal coccyx.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the pelvis and pelvic cavity anatomy, including the structure of the pelvic girdle, pelvic brim, and pelvic floor. Learn about the differences between male and female pelvis and more!
