Human Anatomy: Femur and Pelvis

What is the angle between the neck and shaft of the femur?

Which part of the hip bone is located inferior and posterior to the acetabulum?

What defines the outlet or inferior aperture of the pelvis?

What is the characteristic shape of a female pelvis compared to a male pelvis?

Which joint type is the symphysis pubis classified as?

What is the primary positioning characteristic for a true AP view of the femur?

In which pelvic region does the true pelvis form the birth canal?

Where is the lesser trochanter located in relation to the anatomical position?

What is the CR placement for the AP (mid- and distal) femur projection?

What angle should the leg be internally rotated for the AP unilateral hip projection?

In the lateral femur projection, how much should the knee be flexed?

For the AP pelvis projection, how much internal rotation should be applied to the limbs?

What should be the orientation of the CR for the AP axial 'outlet' projection for females?

What criteria is critical for the AP axial 'inlet' projection?

In the axiolateral projection, what is the correct orientation of the CR?

For the unilateral 'frog leg' projection, how much should the femur be abducted from vertical?

Femur and Pelvis

Neck to shaft: 125 degrees
Longitudinal: 10 degrees
Anterior angle: 15-20 degrees

Hip Bone Structure

3 parts: ilium, pubis, ischium
3 parts: separate bones that fuse during mid teens at the acetabulum
Ilium: superior 2/5ths of acetabulum
Ischium: inferior & posterior 2/5th of acetabulum
Landmarks of the pelvis: iliac crest and ASIS

Pelvis (True and False)

Greater or false pelvis: area superior to the plane through the pelvic brim
Lesser or true pelvis: area inferior to a plane through the pelvic brim. True pelvis forms the birth canal
Inlet/superior aperture: oblique plane defined by the brim of the coccyx
Outlet/inferior aperture: 2 ischial tuberiosities and the tip of the coccyx
Female pelvis: wider, more shallow, flared, obtuse angle greater than 90 degrees, round and larger
Male pelvis: narrower, deeper, less flared, acute angle, more oval or heart shaped
SI joints: wide, flat joints on each side obliquely between the sacrum and each ilium

Pelvic Structures

Symphysis pubis: fibrocartilage
Sacroiliac (2): synovial, amphiarthrodial
Hip (2): synovial, diarthroidal, spheroid
Symphysis Pubis: cartilaginous, synarthrodial
Union of acetabulum (2):
- Method One: head- 1.5"
- Method Two: 1-2" over 3-4" down
Anatomical Position: lesser trochanters partially visible, femoral necks partially foreshadowed
External Rotation: true AP of proximal femur, lesser trochanters in profile internally, femora heads and necks in profile, lesser trochanters are NOT visible, femoral heads and necks are in profile.

Asymmetric Rotation (possible hip fracture)

Affected limb with more shortened femoral neck
Male (gonadal shielding): small contact shield, top border at inferior margin of symphysis pubis
Female (gonadal shielding): ovarian shield for hips and proximal femora. May not be possible-check dept. protocol.

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the femur and pelvis, including their structure, angles, and distinguishing features between male and female pelvises. This quiz covers critical landmarks, pelvic types, and their relevance to human anatomy.