Human Anatomy: Femur and Pelvis

A radiographic projection used for visualizing the mid- and distal portions of the femur; the leg is rotated internally, and the cassette is positioned.

A lateral radiographic projection of the mid-and distal femur where the knee is flexed and cassette is positioned correctly.

A radiographic projection visualizing the entire pelvis and proximal femurs. Internal rotation is crucial for accurate positioning.

A radiographic projection of the pelvis with legs abducted; used to visualize both sides of the pelvis and the relationship of the femoral heads.

A radiographic projection visualizing the pubic and ischial bones from an axial angle, typically used to evaluate the pelvic outlet.

A radiographic projection visualizing the pelvic inlet from a specific cephalic angle.

A radiographic projection targeting the proximal half of the femur and visualizing the hip joint and acetabulum, usually focusing on one hip at a time.

Radiographic projection to visualize the entire femoral head, neck, and acetabulum from a slightly angled downwards perspective.

A specialized radiographic projection used to visualize the femoral head and neck, focusing on one side at a time.

The angle between the neck and shaft of the femur is approximately 125 degrees, with longitudinal at 10 degrees and anterior at 15-20 degrees.

Consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which fuse at the acetabulum during adolescence.

The superior two-fifths of the acetabulum.

The bottom posterior two-fifths of the acetabulum.

The anterior inferior one-fifth of the acetabulum.

Key landmarks include the iliac crest and ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine).

Located at the same level as the top of the pubic joint.

The area above the pelvic brim.

The region below the pelvic brim, forming the birth canal.

Wider, shallower, and flared compared to the male pelvis. Shape tends to be more rounded.

Narrower, deeper, less flared, and tends to be shaped like an oval or heart compared to the female pelvis.

Wide, flat joints on each side that connect the sacrum and ilium.

The joint where the right and left pubic bones meet in the anterior pelvis.

Fibrocartilage that cushions the symphysis pubis.

Synovial, amphiarthrodial joint.

Synovial, diarthrodial, spheroidal joint.

Various joints including synovial, amphiarthrodial, and cartilaginous, for different kinds of movements.

Techniques for AP views of proximal femur, often involving specific angles and positioning (ex: external rotation).

Breakage in the hip area. Fractures can appear asymmetrical and rotated in X-ray images.

Protective coverings to reduce radiation exposure to reproductive organs during X-rays involving the pelvic region.