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Questions and Answers
Which of the following structures forms the inferior boundary of the greater sciatic foramen?
The obturator foramen is bounded superiorly by which of the following structures?
Which of the following ligaments attaches to the ischial spine?
What is the primary function of the acetabulum?
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Which of the following ligaments attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
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What is the characteristic feature of the articular surface of the acetabulum?
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Which of the following structures is not a component of the proximal end of the femur?
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What is the approximate angle formed between the neck of the femur and the long axis of the shaft?
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Which of the following features is found on the floor of the acetabulum?
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Which of the following structures is not a part of the distal end of the femur?
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Study Notes
The Pelvis
- The cle is a bony projection situated lateral to the pubic crest.
The Pubis
- The pubis consists of the body, superior pubic ramus, and inferior pubic ramus.
- The superior pubic ramus extends laterally from the body and joins the ilium to form part of the acetabulum.
- The inferior pubic ramus meets with the ischial ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus.
- The obturator foramen is formed by the superior pubic ramus and ischiopubic ramus.
- The obturator nerve, artery, and vein pass through the obturator foramen to reach the lower limb.
The Ischium
- The ischium is an L-shaped bone that forms the postero-inferior part of the hip bone.
- The ischium consists of the body, ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch, ischial tuberosity, and ischial ramus.
- The body of the ischium is the upper thick part.
- The ischial spine projects from the posterior border of the body of the ischium and intervenes between the greater and lesser sciatic notches.
- The ischial tuberosity is the thick postero-inferior aspect of the bone.
- The ischial ramus combines with the inferior pubic ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus, which encloses the lower part of the obturator foramen.
The Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous Ligaments
- The sacrospinous ligament runs from the ischial spine to the sacrum.
- The sacrotuberous ligament runs from the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity.
- These two ligaments convert the greater and lesser sciatic notches into foramina (greater and lesser sciatic foramina).
The Ilium
- The iliac crest is situated at the superior aspect of the ilium.
- The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is situated at the anterior end of the iliac crest.
- The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) is a rounded prominence situated below the ASIS.
- The posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is situated at the posterior end of the iliac crest.
- The posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) is located below the posterior superior iliac spine.
- The iliac tubercle lies about 5 cm behind the anterior superior spine.
- The greater sciatic notch is an indentation on the posterior aspect of the body of the ilium, above and behind the acetabulum.
The Sacroiliac Joint
- The sacroiliac joint is a synovial plane joint.
- The articular surfaces of the sacroiliac joint are the auricular surface of the ilium and the auricular surface of the sacrum.
- The ligaments of the sacroiliac joint are the anterior sacroiliac ligament, posterior sacroiliac ligament, sacrotuberous ligament, and sacrospinous ligament.
- The sacroiliac joint is innervated by the S1-S2 spinal nerves, superior gluteal nerve, obturator nerve, and lumbosacral trunk.
- The sacroiliac joint allows for slight gliding and rotatory movements.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the bony structures of the pelvis including the pubic crest, superior and inferior pubic ramus, ischiopubic ramus, obturator foramen, and the ischium. Learn about the key features and functions of these pelvic bones.
