Anatomy of the Pelvic Bone
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Questions and Answers

Which region of the coxal bone does the ilium form?

  • Anterior region
  • Lateral region
  • Superior region (correct)
  • Postero-inferior region

    • The ischium is located in the anterior part of the hip bone.

    False

    What structures does the pubis articulate with?

    Ischium and ilium

    The major markings of the ilium include the iliac crest, greater sciatic notch, and the ______.

    <p>iliac fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the pelvic bone with their descriptions:

    <p>Ilium = Superior region of the coxal bone Ischium = Postero-inferior region of the hip bone Pubis = Anterior portion of the hip bone Auricular surface = Articulates with the sacrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the female pelvis?

    <p>Tilted forward and adapted for childbearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The true pelvis is located above the pelvic brim.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contents of the pelvic cavity in females?

    <p>Uterus, uterine tubes, round ligament of uterus, ovaries, sigmoid colon, rectum, urinary bladder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pelvic cavity measures about ______” anteriorly and ______” posteriorly.

    <p>2, 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the component of the pelvic floor to its description:

    <p>Pelvic diaphragm = Formed by levator ani and coccygeus Superficial muscles = Includes urogenital and anal perineum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diploma in Physiotherapy

    • Offered by Cyberjaya College, Kota Kinabalu

    Anatomy II - Pelvis

    • Learning Outcomes:

      • Understand the structure of the pelvic wall
      • Understand the structure and functions of the pelvic floor musculature
      • List the joints of the pelvic complex.
      • Describe the structure of Uro-genital organs and its clinical importance.

    • Pelvis Structure:

      • Basin-shaped bony structure that supports internal organs of the lower abdomen
      • Attachment point for muscles that move lower limbs
      • Consists of the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate (hip) bones
      • Joints: two sacroiliac joints, pubis symphysis, and sacrococcygeal joint.

    • Pelvis Subdivisions:

      • Greater pelvis (false pelvis): upper part, containing iliac fossae and part of the posterior abdominal wall
      • Lesser pelvis (true pelvis): lower part, containing pelvic viscera

    • Pelvic Walls:

      • Bones, ligaments, and muscles form the pelvic walls
        • Anteriorly: pubic symphysis and pubic bones
        • Posteriorly: sacrum and coccyx
        • On each side: two rami of the pubis, ischium, and ilium
      • Ligaments and membranes: obturator membrane and sacrospinous/sacrotuberous ligaments
      • Muscles: obturator internus and piriformis.

    • Pelvis Girdle:

    • Function:

      • Attaches lower limbs to spine
      • Supports pelvic viscera
      • Transmits weight of the upper body

    • Each pelvic/hip bone is formed by the ilium (superior region), ischium (postero-inferior region), and pubis (anterior region).

    • Structural elements (example):

    • Pelvic Girdle:

      • Sacroiliac joint
      • Anterior superior iliac spine
      • Acetabulum
      • Obturator foramen
      • Subpubic angle
      • Sacrum
      • Sacral promontory
      • Ilium
      • Pubis
      • Ischium
      • Symphysis pubis

    • Pelvic Girdle - Diagram (example)

    • Comparison of Male and Female Pelvis:

      • Female pelvis: tilted forward, adapted for childbearing, broader, shallower cavity with greater capacity
      • Male pelvis: tilted less forward, adapted for heavier male build and stronger muscles, narrower and deeper cavity.

    • Pelvic Types (diagram): gynecoid, android, anthropoid, platypelloid

    • Pelvic Brim and Pubic Arch:

    • True and False Pelvis:

      • Separated by the pelvic brim
        • False pelvis (Superior): contains abdominal organs; attachment for muscles & ligaments attaching to body wall
        • True pelvis (Inferior): contains part of colon, rectum, bladder, uterus and ovaries (in females); space inferior to pelvic brim.

    • Pelvic Inlet and Outlet (diagram)

    • Pelvic Cavity:

      • Continuous with abdominal cavity at pelvic brim, J-shaped, limited below by pelvic diaphragm
      • Unequal walls, measuring 2 inches anteriorly and 6 inches posteriorly in females, longer/wider than in males.
        • Contents: sigmoid colon, rectum, urinary bladder, uterus (and uterine tubes/ovaries in females)

    • Pelvic Floor Muscles:

      • Pelvic diaphragm (formed by the levator ani and coccygeus)
      • Superficial muscles: Anterior (urogenital) perineum, Posterior (anal) perineum

    • Illustrated Anatomy (diagram)

    • Pelvic Floor Muscles:

    • Levators Ani, Coccygeus: Major Muscles

    • Muscle Attachments and Nerve Supply:

    • Levator Ani, Coccygeus origins and insertions, nerve supply.

    • Actions of Pelvic Floor Muscles:

      • Close posterior part of pelvic outlet
      • Support pelvic viscera
      • During coughing, sneezing, and lifting: enhance intra-abdominal pressure to support bladder & rectum
      • Prevent pelvic prolapse
      • Supports coccyx during defecation, parturition, childbirth

    • Perineum:

      • Diamond-shaped area between anus and external genitalia
        • Females: external genitalia, anus
        • Males: scrotum, root of penis, anus

    • Uro-genital Organs:

      • Primary Gonads: ovaries and testes, produce gametes (eggs and sperm), secrete sex hormones
      • Secondary sex organs: glands, ducts, external genitalia, nourish and transport gametes

    • Male Reproductive System:

      • Primary sex organs: testes, lie in the scrotum, sperm-producing
      • Secondary sex organs: external genitalia (pennis, scrotum), ducts (epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra), glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands)

    • Male Reproductive Tract (illustrated anatomy)

    • Female Reproductive System:

      • Primary sex organs: ovaries (gonads)
      • Secondary sex organs: external genitalia (vulva, labia majora & minora, clitoris), internal (uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries).

    • Diagram of Female Urogenital Organs (illustrated anatomy)

    • Female Reproductive System components:

      • Ducts: Uterine tubes (oviducts), vagina
      • Glands: Greater vestibular gland

    • Uro-genital Organs and its Clinical Importance (illustrated anatomy)

    • Parts of Female Uterus (illustrated anatomy)

    • Table of Reproductive System Homologues (table)

    • Diseases of the Female Reproductive System:

      • PID, vulvar dystrophies, imperforate hymen, cervical carcinoma, disorders of the uterine body (endometritis, endometriosis, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia, leiomyoma, endometrial carcinoma), disorders of uterine tubes & ovaries (salpingitis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian tumors).

    • Diseases of the Male Reproductive System:

      • Infections of the penis, urethra, epididymitis, orchitis, cryptorchidism, hydrocele, testicular tumors, prostatitis, benign prostatic enlargement, malignant prostatic tumors.

    • Q&A session

    • Contact Information (address, phone, website, email)

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    Related Documents

    Unit 1 - Pelvis PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the anatomy of the pelvic bone, including the ilium, ischium, and pubis. It tests knowledge on the structure, markings, and characteristics of the female pelvis as well as the contents of the pelvic cavity. Perfect for students of anatomy and physiology.

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