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Questions and Answers
Which ligament marks the inferior margin of the acetabulum and has a horseshoe-shaped limited articular surface?
Which ligament marks the inferior margin of the acetabulum and has a horseshoe-shaped limited articular surface?
What structure forms a cup-shaped depression on the outer surface of the hip bone?
What structure forms a cup-shaped depression on the outer surface of the hip bone?
Which structure connects the head of the femur to its shaft and makes an angle of about 125°?
Which structure connects the head of the femur to its shaft and makes an angle of about 125°?
Which part of the femur is anteriorly connected by the intertrochanteric line?
Which part of the femur is anteriorly connected by the intertrochanteric line?
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Which bone in the human body is the longest and has a shaft with proximal and distal ends?
Which bone in the human body is the longest and has a shaft with proximal and distal ends?
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What is deficient in the inferior margin of the acetabulum and is nonarticular?
What is deficient in the inferior margin of the acetabulum and is nonarticular?
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Which structure has structures passing through it from the pelvic cavity to the gluteal region?
Which structure has structures passing through it from the pelvic cavity to the gluteal region?
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What is found on the outer surface of the hip bone and articulates with the spherical head of the femur?
What is found on the outer surface of the hip bone and articulates with the spherical head of the femur?
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What is deficient in the inferior margin of the acetabulum and is marked by an acetabular notch?
What is deficient in the inferior margin of the acetabulum and is marked by an acetabular notch?
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What passes through structures from pelvic cavity to gluteal region and is associated with Greater & Lesser Sciatic Foramina?
What passes through structures from pelvic cavity to gluteal region and is associated with Greater & Lesser Sciatic Foramina?
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Study Notes
The Pelvis
- The pelvis is composed of four bones: two innominate bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx.
- The innominate bones are formed by the fusion of three bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
The Pubis
- The pubis is a bony projection situated lateral to the pubic crest.
- The superior pubic ramus extends laterally from the body and joins the ilium to form part of the acetabulum.
- The inferior pubic ramus meets with the ischial ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus.
- The obturator foramen is formed by the superior pubic ramus and ischiopubic ramus.
- Through the obturator foramen, the obturator nerve, artery, and vein pass to reach the lower limb.
The Ischium
- The ischium is an L-shaped bone that forms the postero-inferior part of the hip bone.
- The body is the upper thick part of the ischium.
- The ischial spine projects from the posterior border of the body of the ischium.
- The ischial tuberosity is the thick postero-inferior aspect of the bone.
- The ischial ramus combines with the inferior pubic ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus.
The Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous Ligaments
- The sacrospinous ligament runs from the ischial spine to the sacrum.
- The sacrotuberous ligament runs from the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity.
- These two ligaments convert the greater and lesser sciatic notches into foramina.
The Ilium
- The iliac crest is situated at the upper border of the ilium.
- The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is situated at the anterior end of the iliac crest.
- The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) is a rounded prominence situated below the ASIS.
- The posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is situated at the posterior end of the iliac crest.
- The posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS) is located below the PSIS.
- The iliac tubercle lies about 5 cm behind the anterior superior spine.
- The greater sciatic notch is an indentation on the posterior aspect of the body of the ilium, above and behind the acetabulum.
The Sacroiliac Joint
- The sacroiliac joint is a synovial plane joint.
- The articular surfaces are the auricular surface of the ilium and the auricular surface of the sacrum.
- The ligaments are the anterior sacroiliac ligament, posterior sacroiliac ligament, sacrotuberous ligament, and sacrospinous ligament.
- The innervation is by S1-S2 spinal nerves and the superior gluteal nerve.
- The movements are slight gliding and rotatory movements.
The Acetabulum
- The acetabulum is a cup-shaped depression on the outer surface of the hip bone.
- It is formed by the three hip bones.
- It articulates with the spherical head of the femur to form the hip joint.
The Femur
- The femur is the longest bone in the body.
- The proximal end consists of the head, neck, and greater and lesser trochanters.
- The distal end consists of the medial and lateral condyles.
- The head forms about two-thirds of a sphere and articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the bony structures of the pelvis including the pubis and ischium. Learn about the different parts such as the superior and inferior pubic ramus, obturator foramen, and more.
