Podcast
Questions and Answers
At what age can an infant typically start to roll over?
At what age can an infant typically start to roll over?
A newborn at birth weighs 6 lbs 8 oz. What would their expected weight be at a 6-month visit?
A newborn at birth weighs 6 lbs 8 oz. What would their expected weight be at a 6-month visit?
In a patient suspected of Wilm's tumor, what anatomical location is affected and what should be avoided during examination?
In a patient suspected of Wilm's tumor, what anatomical location is affected and what should be avoided during examination?
What condition is indicated by a blood pressure of 80/40 and a heart rate of 128 in a 12-year-old with sickle cell disease?
What condition is indicated by a blood pressure of 80/40 and a heart rate of 128 in a 12-year-old with sickle cell disease?
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Which medication is used in the treatment of sickle cell disease and what is its purpose?
Which medication is used in the treatment of sickle cell disease and what is its purpose?
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Should digoxin be administered with food or formula?
Should digoxin be administered with food or formula?
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Which cardiac disorder is characterized by high blood pressure in the upper body and low blood pressure in the lower body?
Which cardiac disorder is characterized by high blood pressure in the upper body and low blood pressure in the lower body?
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Which genitourinary condition is known for presenting with severe sudden pain and requires immediate surgery?
Which genitourinary condition is known for presenting with severe sudden pain and requires immediate surgery?
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What is an appropriate nursing intervention for assessing a patient with acute glomerular nephritis?
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for assessing a patient with acute glomerular nephritis?
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What does a high HbA1c indicate regarding glucose control?
What does a high HbA1c indicate regarding glucose control?
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Which of the following is a correct statement about long-acting insulin?
Which of the following is a correct statement about long-acting insulin?
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In a patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which symptom is most indicative?
In a patient experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which symptom is most indicative?
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For a child weighing 10 kg, what is the recommended safe dosage range for Amoxicillin?
For a child weighing 10 kg, what is the recommended safe dosage range for Amoxicillin?
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What is a concerning condition if a newborn has not passed meconium stool?
What is a concerning condition if a newborn has not passed meconium stool?
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Which condition should be considered for a 15-year-old who cannot bear weight after a soccer injury?
Which condition should be considered for a 15-year-old who cannot bear weight after a soccer injury?
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What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child diagnosed with a transesophageal fistula?
What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child diagnosed with a transesophageal fistula?
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What is the maximum volume to administer when giving 0.3 mg of epinephrine if the concentration is 0.5 mg/ml?
What is the maximum volume to administer when giving 0.3 mg of epinephrine if the concentration is 0.5 mg/ml?
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What is the recommended 24-hour fluid requirement for a child weighing 12 kg?
What is the recommended 24-hour fluid requirement for a child weighing 12 kg?
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Study Notes
Developmental Milestones
- Infants may begin rolling over at 3 months of age.
Growth & Development
- A newborn weighing 6 lbs 8 oz should weigh approximately 13 lbs by 6 months of age.
Medical Conditions & Emergencies
Wilm's Tumor
- Location: Kidneys
- Examination precaution: Avoid palpation.
Sickle Cell Disease Crisis
- 12-year-old patient with sickle cell disease, blood pressure 80/40, heart rate 128: Splenic sequestration crisis.
Sickle Cell Disease Treatment
- Penicillin: Preventing infections
- Hydroxyurea: Increasing fetal hemoglobin production
- Morphine/Hydromorphone: Pain management (hospital setting)
- Folate: Supporting red blood cell production
Cardiac & Respiratory Disorders
Digoxin Administration
- Do not administer digoxin with food or formula.
Digoxin Toxicity Signs
- Signs: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting.
Coarctation of the Aorta
- Cardiac disorder: High blood pressure in upper extremities, low blood pressure in lower extremities.
Congenital Heart Defects (Cyanosis)
- Conditions associated with cyanosis: Tetralogy of Fallot (decreased pulmonary blood flow), Pulmonary stenosis (decreased pulmonary blood flow), Transposition of the Great Arteries (mixed blood flow).
Rheumatic Fever Symptoms
- Symptoms: Chorea, carditis, polyarthralgia, arthralgia, fever, C-reactive protein, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum.
Genitourinary & Surgical Conditions
Testicular Torsion
- Genitourinary condition: Severe, sudden onset pain; immediate surgical intervention required.
Cryptorchidism
- Genitourinary condition: Infertility and increased cancer risk.
Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (PSGN)
- Clinical signs (3): Hematuria, hypertension, edema.
Hypospadias Post-Op Care
- Interventions: Intake/output monitoring, intravenous fluids, catheter patency, pain assessment, surgical site assessment, catheter care.
Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN) Nursing Care
- Interventions: Edema monitoring, monitoring hypertension, I&O (input and output), low-sodium diet, hematuria monitoring.
Diabetes & Blood Sugar Management
HbA1c Significance
- High HbA1c indicates poor glucose control over a 3-month period.
Insulin Mixing
- Do not mix long-acting insulin (e.g., Lantus) with other insulins.
Type 1 Diabetes Treatment
- Treatment: Subcutaneous insulin injections
Sick Child Management
- Anticipatory guidance for sick children: Check blood glucose every 4 hours, check urine for ketones, small sips of carbohydrate beverages, hold short-acting insulin.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Signs
- Signs: Dry mouth, frequent urination, ketones in urine, dry skin, nausea/vomiting, Kussmaul breathing, fruity breath, confusion.
Dosage Calculations
Amoxicillin Calculation
- Dosage 250mg, order: 500mg/5ml => Administer 2.5 ml
Amoxicillin Dosage (per kg)
- Safe dosage for a 10 kg child: 600-900 mg
Urine Output Calculation
- 5 kg child urinated 20ml in 4 hours: Acceptable - 1cc/kg/hr
Epinephrine Calculation
- Order: 0.3 mg Epinephrine, available: 0.5mg/ml => Administer 0.6ml
Pediatric Fluid Requirements
- 24-hour fluid requirement for a 12kg child: 1100 ml
Miscellaneous Conditions & Diseases
Hemophilia Facts
- Traits: Sex-linked transmission (X chromosome), Factor VIII deficiency, excessive bleeding risk (if untreated), range of motion exercise, Factor VIII administration.
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
- Differential diagnosis for a 3-week old with non-bilious, projectile vomiting.
Hirschsprung's Disease
- Newborn not passing meconium stool: Concern for Hirschsprung's disease
Ewing's Sarcoma
- 15 year old who fell and can't bear weight on leg after kick, potential Ewing's sarcoma (pathologic fracture)
Intussusception
- Infant with sausage-shaped abdomen mass, sudden crying, red jelly-like stool: Intussusception.
Transesophageal Fistula Nursing Diagnoses (highest to lowest priority)
- Ineffective airway clearance, impaired airway exchange, risk for aspiration, risk for infection, alteration in nutrition.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key pediatric medical conditions, including developmental milestones, sickle cell disease management, and cardiac disorders. This quiz covers critical aspects of pediatric care, from growth expectations to emergency treatment protocols.
