Pediatric Growth and Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes the development of conventional faith in individuals?

  • Imitation of parental behaviors and attitudes about religion (correct)
  • A deep understanding of spiritual concepts
  • Personal exploration of various spiritual viewpoints
  • Acceptance of all religious beliefs without question

Which of the following is NOT a component of conventional faith?

  • Imitation of religious practices
  • Acceptance of spiritual inconsistencies (correct)
  • Trust, hope, and love
  • Questioning values and beliefs

In the context of faith development, what does the term 'reciprocal fairness' refer to?

  • A rejection of personal beliefs in favor of conformity
  • An indifference to moral principles
  • An acknowledgment of others' viewpoints (correct)
  • A blind acceptance of all values

What is a significant characteristic of late adolescence and young adulthood in the context of faith development?

<p>Assumption of responsibility for one's own attitudes and beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects the understanding of spiritual concepts in individuals with conventional faith?

<p>Limited understanding of spiritual concepts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary psychosocial stage of development for infants aged 0-1 year?

<p>Trust vs Mistrust (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage does the child primarily engage in solitary play?

<p>Toddler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of pleasure for toddlers according to Freud's psychosexual stages?

<p>Anus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age range does the pre-conceptual or pre-operational stage occur in cognitive development?

<p>3-6 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fears typically emerge during the toddler age range?

<p>Separation anxiety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which significant person in a school-age child's life is primarily mentioned in the context of their development?

<p>Peers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavioral characteristic is most indicative of toddlers aged 1-3 years?

<p>Egocentric behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children start using approximately 900-1,000 words?

<p>18-24 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the moral development stage for preschool-aged children?

<p>Pre-conventional stage 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary developmental theme for adolescents aged 12-18 years?

<p>To find someone to love (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of play is characteristic of school-age children?

<p>Associative-cooperative play (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of psychosexual conflict is experienced during the phallic stage?

<p>Oedipus/Electra complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic language development at 10 months of age?

<p>Saying 'mama' or 'dada' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do children begin to focus on relationships with same-sex peers?

<p>School-Age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended sleep duration for a 3-year-old child?

<p>11-12 hrs/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which accident is considered a common safety concern for infants?

<p>Suffocation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child typically begin to walk without support?

<p>12 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavioral indicator of a 5-year-old child?

<p>Boastful, fond of tall tales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary recommendation is made for children aged 1 to 2 years?

<p>Minimize junk food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following milestones typically occurs at 3 years old?

<p>Can balance on one foot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is a developmental milestone for a 2-year-old child?

<p>Runs well (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What discipline approach is suggested for toddlers?

<p>Time-out (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age is it common for a child to respond to parental anger?

<p>9 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key dietary requirement for a child aged 4 to 5 years?

<p>As much as 2,200-2,700 kcal/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is typically developed by a 4-year-old child?

<p>Hops on one foot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much weight does a child typically add by the age of 1?

<p>Triples birth weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which age does a child typically develop night-time bladder control?

<p>3 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expected from an 8-year-old in terms of developmental milestones?

<p>Rides a bicycle well (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Conventional Faith

A stage of faith development characterized by imitating parental behaviors and attitudes toward religion. Individuals at this stage don't fully grasp spiritual concepts but accept them through symbolic stories.

Trust, Hope, and Love in Children

The development of trust, hope, and love in a child, often conflicting with their experiences with the environment.

Questioning Values and Beliefs

The stage of faith development where individuals question values and religious beliefs to forge their own identity.

Reciprocal Fairness

Individuals at this stage view fairness and reciprocity as essential principles in their worldview.

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Individuative-Reflective Faith

This stage of faith development involves taking responsibility for one's own beliefs and actively reflecting on them.

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Pincer Grasp

The ability of a baby to hold a small object between their thumb and forefinger.

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Stranger Anxiety

A period where a baby experiences distress and anxiety when separated from their primary caregiver.

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Weaning

The process of transitioning a baby from breast milk or formula to solid foods.

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Posterior Fontanel

The soft spot on a baby's head, located at the back of the skull.

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Anterior Fontanel

The soft spot on a baby's head, located at the front of the skull.

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Sphincter Control

The ability of a baby to control their bladder and bowels, often associated with toilet training.

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Binocular Vision

The development of a baby's ability to coordinate their eyes to see depth and distance.

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Vocalizes Words

The process of a toddler learning to identify and pronounce individual words.

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Stands with Support

The ability of a child to stand upright with support.

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Cruising

The ability of a child to move around by holding onto furniture or walls.

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Sits from Standing Position

The ability of a child to independently sit up from a lying down position.

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Deciduous Teeth

The natural process of replacing baby teeth with adult teeth.

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Follows Simple Commands

The ability of a child to understand and respond to simple commands.

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Cooperative Play

A type of play where children interact with each other, sharing toys and taking turns.

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Imaginary Friend

The ability of a child to engage in imaginative and pretend play, often involving imaginary friends.

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Trust vs Mistrust

The stage of development where infants learn to trust their caregivers through consistent care and responsiveness. If their needs are met, they develop a sense of trust in the world.

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Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

The stage where toddlers develop a sense of independence and autonomy by making simple choices and performing simple tasks. If they are allowed to explore and make choices, they develop a sense of self-reliance.

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Initiative vs Guilt

The stage where preschoolers start to initiate activities and explore their surroundings with curiosity. If they are encouraged to try new things, they develop a sense of initiative and purpose.

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Industry vs Inferiority

The stage where school-aged children develop a sense of competence by engaging in tasks and schoolwork. If they are successful in their endeavors, they build a sense of industry and self-worth.

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Identity vs Role Confusion

The stage where adolescents explore their identity and role in society. They try different roles and experiment with different values, ultimately forming a sense of themselves.

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Oral Stage

The stage where infants gain pleasure through oral activities, such as sucking and biting.

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Anal Stage

The stage where toddlers experience pleasure through the control of their bowels and bladder. This is also the stage where toilet training takes place.

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Phallic Stage

The stage where preschoolers become aware of their genitals and experience pleasure through genital stimulation. They may also develop feelings for the parent of the opposite sex.

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Latency Stage

The stage where school-aged children focus their energy on developing physical, intellectual, and social skills. Sexual impulses are generally repressed.

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Genital Stage

The stage where adolescents experience mature sexual development and seek out intimate relationships.

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Sensory-Motor Stage

The stage of cognitive development where infants understand the world through their senses and actions. They develop object permanence during this stage.

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Sensory-Motor Stage

The stage where toddlers continue developing their motor skills and start to use language to represent objects and ideas. They develop a sense of self- awareness.

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Pre-conceptual Stage

The stage where preschoolers begin to use symbolic thinking and language to represent the world around them. They are egocentric and have difficulty seeing things from other perspectives.

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Concrete Operational Stage

The stage where school-aged children develop the ability to think logically and apply rules to situations. They can perform concrete operations and understand conservation principles.

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Formal Operational Stage

The stage where adolescents develop the ability to think abstractly, hypothetically, and critically. They can reason about possibilities and make complex judgments.

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Pre-conventional Stage 1

The stage where children learn about right and wrong based on their immediate environment and consequences. They are concerned with avoiding punishment and gaining rewards.

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Study Notes

Pediatric Growth and Development

  • Infants (0-1 year): Psychosocial stage is Trust vs. Mistrust. Development depends on meeting needs. Oral stage of psychosexual development, where the mouth is the primary source of pleasure and exploration. Primary need is security. Major conflict is weaning. Cognitive development is sensorimotor, focused on senses and actions. Object permanence is developing. Play is solitary, using tangible objects. Attachment figure is primarily the primary caregiver, often the mother. Fears are centered on strangers.
  • Toddlers (1-3 years): Psychosocial stage is Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. Toddlers develop more independence and control over their actions. Play is still centered around self-expression but also includes parallel play.
  • Preschoolers (3-6 years): Psychosocial stage is Initiative vs. Guilt. Children take initiative in activities and develop a sense of purpose. They begin to explore new things. Cognitive development is preoperational, thinking is very self-centered. Play is very active and imaginative, and involves others. Play is more associative, and social interaction increases.
  • School-Age (6-12 years): Psychosocial stage is Industry vs. Inferiority. Learning to engage in tasks and to complete tasks with proficiency is essential at this age. School and peers play a large role in development. Cognitive development is concrete operational. Children can engage in logical reasoning. Play can be competitive and more focused on collaborative skills.
  • Adolescents (12-18 years): Psychosocial stage is Identity vs. Role Confusion. Discovering one's sense of self is important at this stage. Role models, peers, and social expectations become significant influences. Cognitive development is formal operational, abstract thinking develops. Play can involve peers and be more competitive or cooperative.

Nutritional Considerations

  • Breastfeeding is recommended for at least 2 years. Caloric requirements change through different developmental stages. Healthy eating habits are important for growth.
  • Feeding guidelines vary, but for general nutrition: 2,100-2,400 calories per day is a suggested range for children, and reducing consumption of sugary drinks and desserts is a critical piece of the nutritional plan.

Sleep

  • Sleep duration varies with the stage of development, from 10-12 hours a day for infancy to 8-10 hours for adolescence. Adequate sleep is vital for both physical and cognitive development.

Safety

  • Common accidents for infants and toddler are suffocation, scalding burns, choking hazards, etc. Emphasis is placed on safe environments and prevention measures.

Developmental Indicators and Milestones

  • Key milestones include physical, mental, and social development. Developmental milestones are age-specific, but individual differences are expected. This information should not be interpreted as a set of rules but as an overview of normal development.

Language Development

  • Language development occurs in stages, starting from simple sounds to complex sentences. The rate of development differs among children, but most follow a predictable pattern.

Moral Development

  • Moral development progresses with age as described in the Kohlberg stages.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the stages of pediatric growth and development from infancy through preschool. This quiz covers key psychosocial and cognitive milestones within each age group. Discover the significant developmental tasks and challenges encountered during these formative years.

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