PDG Gold Flashcards - Military History

Questions and Answers

What year did Nixon end the draft for a voluntary military?

1973 (correct)

1974

1972

1975

Who founded Red Flag?

Col. Richard Moody Suter

What aircraft provided close air support for ground forces?

A-10 Thunderbolt 2

What was Operation Rice Bowl?

An operation in April 1980 that led to a disaster at the Desert One refueling site Signup and view all the answers

What did the Air Force test in the 1980s?

New ideas and technology in crisis support missions Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Operation Urgent Fury?

Rescue of American students from Grenada in 1983 Signup and view all the answers

What significant military action occurred in April 1986?

Operation Eldorado Canyon Signup and view all the answers

What was tested during Operation Just Cause in 1989?

Air operations in Panama and the debut of the F-117 Nighthawk Signup and view all the answers

What was the Missile Defense Alarm System?

The first attempt at a space-based long-range missile attack detection system Signup and view all the answers

What does etiquette relate to?

Common everyday courtesy Signup and view all the answers

What does The Enlisted Force Structure provide?

Consistent well-defined expectations for all Airmen Signup and view all the answers

What are the three enlisted leadership levels?

Tactical, Operational, Strategic Signup and view all the answers

Which enlisted rank(s) does the Tactical Level apply to?

Airman Basic through Technical Sergeant (AB-TSgt) and sometimes Master Sergeant (MSgt) Signup and view all the answers

Who are included in the Operational Level?

Senior Non-Commissioned Officers (SNCOs) Signup and view all the answers

What does Military Ethics pertain to?

Knowing what is good and true Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of Airmen's priorities?

Country, Air Force, Unit Signup and view all the answers

When did Fidel Castro take power?

1959 Signup and view all the answers

What type of troops were used in the Bay of Pigs invasion?

Cuban Exiles Signup and view all the answers

What does AFMAN 10-2502 define?

A major accident involving DOD materials or activities Signup and view all the answers

What varies in emergency conditions during natural disasters?

Scope, urgency, extent of damage Signup and view all the answers

What does a 3-5 Min steady tone indicate?

Disaster/incident in progress or imminent Signup and view all the answers

What does a 3-5 Min wavering tone signify?

Attack is imminent or in progress Signup and view all the answers

What does the Installation Emergency Management Plan (IEMP) 10-2 address?

Preparation and response to natural and technological disasters Signup and view all the answers

What is AF INIT 3070?

Record of Non-Judicial Punishment Proceedings Signup and view all the answers

How many duty days does a member have to accept NJP?

3 duty days Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of court martials?

Summary, Special, General Signup and view all the answers

What does a Summary Court Martial try?

Minor offenses and is Enlisted only Signup and view all the answers

What does a Special Court Martial address?

Intermediate offenses and has 3 or more panel members Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a General Court Martial?

Military judge and at least 5 panel members Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in a Court Martial?

Trial, Findings & Sentence, Post-trial proceedings Signup and view all the answers

What vote is required for a guilty finding in a court martial panel?

At least 2/3 vote Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a death sentence vote?

Unanimous vote by a 12-member panel Signup and view all the answers

What does 3/4 concurrence result in?

To force confinement over 10 years Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of the appeal process?

TJAG, AFCCA, USCAAF, US Supreme Court Signup and view all the answers

Who are the judges in the US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (USCAAF)?

Five Civilian Judges appointed by the President Signup and view all the answers

What does The Privacy Act of 1974 outline?

Rules of access, protection, and disclosure for written LOR, LOA, LOC Signup and view all the answers

What is an Unfavorable Information File?

Official means of filing derogatory data on an AF member's conduct Signup and view all the answers

What does AF INIT 1058 require?

Commander shows member before establishing UIF Signup and view all the answers

How long does a member have to acknowledge planned actions after being notified of UIF?

3 duty days Signup and view all the answers

What does Control Roster establish?

6-month observation period for members with substandard duty performance Signup and view all the answers

Who may demote MSgt's and below?

Group or Equivalent level CC Signup and view all the answers

Who may demote SMSgt and CMSgt?

Majcom, FOA, DRU CC's Signup and view all the answers

What are the administrative discharge types?

Honorable, General, other than honorable Signup and view all the answers

What are the Four Pillars of Military Law?

U.S Constitution, UCMJ, Manual for Court Martials, Precedents Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of military law?

U.S Constitution Signup and view all the answers

What year was the UCMJ signed into law?

1950 Signup and view all the answers

When was the Manual for Court Martials created?

1951 and is revised annually Signup and view all the answers

What does the Area Defense Council provide?

Independent legal representation for AF members Signup and view all the answers

What is apprehension equivalent to?

Civilian arrest Signup and view all the answers

What are the conditions on liberty?

Pretrial restraint directs a person to do or not do certain things Signup and view all the answers

What is Restriction in Lieu?

Less severe confinement usually confines offender to broad geographic limits while allowing military duties Signup and view all the answers

What does confinement refer to?

Physical restraint such as imprisonment Signup and view all the answers

What does authorization to search mean?

Military's search warrant Signup and view all the answers

What does Article 15 refer to?

NJP Signup and view all the answers

What does the Staff Judge Advocate do?

Advises and helps CC with facts and offenses regarding NJP Signup and view all the answers

What was the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty?

Signed 26 May 1972 limiting the US & USSR to 2 missile sites Signup and view all the answers

What did the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty aim to do?

Limited the number of nuclear weapons held by the US & USSR Signup and view all the answers

What advancements followed the Vietnam War in satellite technology?

Enhanced weather and communication support Signup and view all the answers

What is the Defense Satellite Applications Program?

Dedicated military weather satellite system Signup and view all the answers

What did President Reagan propose?

Replacing the doctrine of mutually assured destruction Signup and view all the answers

What significant changes did Mikhail Gorbachev initiate in 1985?

Major changes in Soviet-US relations Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the reunification of Germany in October 1990?

Opening of the Berlin Wall Signup and view all the answers

Who led the coup in August 1991 against Gorbachev?

Boris Yeltsin Signup and view all the answers

What replaced and assumed control of AF and Naval Nuclear forces?

US Strategic Command Signup and view all the answers

What did Saddam Hussein do on August 2, 1990?

Invaded Kuwait starting Operation Desert Shield Signup and view all the answers

What operation did President Bush announce on August 6, 1990?

Operation Desert Shield Signup and view all the answers

What was delivered via military airlift to Saudi Arabia in 1990 and 1991?

Defensive forces Signup and view all the answers

What were the large capacity heavy lifters during Operation Desert Shield?

C-5 & C-141 Starlifter Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the Gulf War?

First war to use extensive broad-based space support capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What did the AF special operations pave low helicopters do on January 17, 1991?

Led nine Apaches on the first strike missions of Operation Desert Storm Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus during the first week of Desert Storm?

Air supremacy Signup and view all the answers

What term was created by A-10 and F-15E’s actions?

Tank-plinking Signup and view all the answers

What was The Great Scud Hunt?

Unsuccessful during Desert Storm Signup and view all the answers

What did the Persian Gulf War highlight in 1991?

The impact of precision-guided munitions, intel, navigation, and missile warning systems Signup and view all the answers

What was created in Somalia in 1992?

UN-led relief efforts Signup and view all the answers

Which operation was led by the U.S. in Somalia in August 1992?

Operation Provide Relief Signup and view all the answers

What was Operation Impressive Lift?

Airlifted hundreds of Pakistani soldiers into Somalia in September 1992 Signup and view all the answers

What did President Bush order on December 4, 1992?

Supplies and troops to restore order in Somalia Signup and view all the answers

Who earned the Air Force Cross for actions during a downed helicopter scenario in Somalia?

TSgt Wilkinson Signup and view all the answers

What did President Clinton promise regarding troops in Somalia?

To remove troops from Somalia by March 1994 Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Wright Brothers?

First heavier-than-air airplane flight in 1903; four manned missions on December 17, 1903 Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the Father of Flying?

Orville Wright Signup and view all the answers

What did Col Will Mitchell call for?

An individual Air Force and was later court martialed for speaking out Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Commander of an American Air unit in the field?

Maj Gen Benny Foulois Signup and view all the answers

Who is referred to as the Father of the modern USAF?

Gen Henry Hap Arnold Signup and view all the answers

What notable campaign did Gen Carl Tooey Spaatz oversee?

Final strategic bombing campaign against Japan, including atomic bombs Signup and view all the answers

Who was the commander of the first combat Air Force?

Lt Gen Frank Andrews Signup and view all the answers

What did Gen Ira Eaker accomplish in 1929?

Flew the first extended aerial refueling mission Signup and view all the answers

Who combined airline flight attendant skills with Air Force flight nursing?

Capt Lillian Keil Signup and view all the answers

Who led the raid on Tokyo on April 18, 1942?

Gen James Doolittle Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Air Force writing and speaking?

Direct, inform, persuade, inspire Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose statement in communications?

Draft this to clarify your communications objective Signup and view all the answers

What significant action did President Eisenhower take in 1953?

Sent C-119 transports in response to the Viet Minh offensive into Laos Signup and view all the answers

What is the Installation Deployment Readiness Cell responsible for?

Identifying, validating, and distributing deployment taskings Signup and view all the answers

What must attacks under military necessity be limited to?

Military objectives Signup and view all the answers

What article in the UCMJ addresses fraternization?

Article 134 Signup and view all the answers

What is the Whole Person Concept?

SMSgt's and CMSgt's are selected for promotion based on this Signup and view all the answers

What are the Accomplishment Element & Impact Element?

Phase 2 of writing a bullet statement Signup and view all the answers

What do Agency Program Coordinators (APC) manage?

DOD Travel Card Program Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world's oil would Iraq have controlled if taken?

50% Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historical Events and Operations

1973: Nixon ended the draft, transitioning to a voluntary military system.
April 1980: Operation Rice Bowl resulted in a disastrous outcome at Desert One.
1980s: The Air Force explored new technologies and strategies during crisis support missions.
1983: Operation Urgent Fury involved the rescue of American students from Grenada.
April 1986: Operation Eldorado Canyon, initiated by Reagan, targeted Libya.
1989: Operation Just Cause tested air operations in Panama and marked the debut of the F-117 Nighthawk.
1990: Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait initiated Operation Desert Shield.

Key Military Units and Technologies

A-10 Thunderbolt 2: Employed for deep air attacks and close air support for ground forces.
Missile Defense Alarm System: First attempt for long-range missile detection from space.
C-5 and C-141 Starlifter: Heavy lifter aircraft critical in Operation Desert Shield.

Military Structure and Leadership

Enlisted Force Structure ensures clear expectations for airmen with three leadership levels: Tactical, Operational, and Strategic.
Tactical Level: Involves ranks from Airman Basic through Technical Sergeant.
Operational Level: Comprised of Senior Non-Commissioned Officers (SNCOs).

Court Martial and Legal Protocols

Three Types of Court Martials: Summary (minor offenses, enlisted only), Special (intermediate offenses), General (involves military judges and a panel).
Unanimous vote required for a death sentence in court martial proceedings.
Article 15 refers to Non-Judicial Punishment (NJP), providing commanders with disciplinary options for minor offenses.

Military Ethics and Conduct

Military Ethics focuses on discerning what is good and truthful in military service.
Service members must adhere to common courtesies, known as etiquette.
Control Roster system establishes a six-month observation for substandard performance.

Significant Leaders and Figures

Fidel Castro took power in Cuba in 1959, influencing U.S. foreign policy.
Gen Henry Hap Arnold: Key architect of the modern USAF, increasing personnel from 22,000 to 2.5 million.
Gen James Doolittle led the famous Tokyo raid on April 18, 1942, as part of WWII efforts.

Treaties and Arms Control

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty: Signed on May 26, 1972, limiting the U.S. and USSR to two missile sites.
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty: Placed restrictions on the number of nuclear weapons for U.S. and USSR.

Modern Conflicts and Humanitarian Efforts

The Gulf War (1990-1991): Showcased the effective use of precision-guided munitions and improved military technology.
Somalia (1992): U.S. involvement in Operation Provide Relief aimed at humanitarian assistance amid civil strife.

Communication and Documentation

Writing and speaking in the Air Force serves to direct, inform, persuade, and inspire audiences.
A Purpose Statement clarifies communication objectives, enhancing effectiveness in messaging.

Miscellaneous Military Policies

Unfavorable Information File (UIF): Official record of derogatory conduct affecting an Air Force member.
Installation Emergency Management Plan (IEMP) 10-2: Guidelines for preparation and response to disasters.
Agency Program Coordinators (APC) manage the DOD Travel Card Program crucial for military travel logistics.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these PDG Gold flashcards focusing on key events and figures in military history. Each card presents a significant term or event, along with its definition, to help reinforce your learning. Perfect for those preparing for military examinations or interested in historical events.