18 Questions
What is the primary purpose of a concluding sentence in a paragraph?
To signal the end of the paragraph and leave the reader with important points to remember
Which of the following is NOT a technique to improve paragraph cohesion?
Enumeration
Which of the following is an example of informal/personal language use?
Slang, local expressions, and text messaging abbreviations
What is the primary difference between coherence and cohesion in a text?
Coherence refers to the overall sense of unity, while cohesion refers to the connection of ideas at the sentence and paragraph level.
Which of the following is NOT considered a property of a well-written text?
Clarity
Which of the following is the BEST definition of organization in the context of a well-written text?
The logical and accurate arrangement of ideas, incidents, evidence, or details in a definite order.
The purpose of the Exemplification text development pattern is to:
Provide specific examples to illustrate a general idea
Which text development pattern addresses one subject at a time, moving back and forth between two subjects?
Point-by-Point Method
In the Cause and Effect text development pattern, which organization is best for presenting a single effect with multiple causes?
Effect to Cause
What is the primary purpose of the Classification text development pattern?
To group or categorize subjects based on shared characteristics
Which text development pattern is used when a writer intends to convince readers to do or believe in something?
Persuasion
In the Cause and Effect text development pattern, which organization tackles causes and their corresponding effects one by one?
Consecutive Cause and Effect
What is the primary purpose of a narrative paragraph?
To relate a series of events leading to a conclusion
Which type of description presents an impartial and factual representation of the subject?
Objective description
In a formal definition, what does the term 'genus' refer to?
The class or category to which the term belongs
Which pattern of text development is used to explain how two subjects are similar or different?
Comparison and contrast
What is the difference between denotation and connotation in the context of informal definitions?
Denotation is the dictionary meaning, and connotation is the secondary meaning
What are the two common ways to organize a comparison and contrast pattern of text development?
The question does not provide enough information to determine the two ways
Study Notes
Properties of a Well-Written Text
- Organization (also known as arrangement) refers to the logical and accurate arrangement of ideas in a definite order.
- Coherence refers to the overall sense of unity of ideas in a text.
- Cohesion refers to the connection of ideas at the sentence and paragraph level.
Techniques to Improve Paragraph Cohesion
- Transitions: using conjunctions or conjunctive adverbs to link sentences with logical relationships.
- Pro-forms: using pronouns, pro-verbs, or other pro-forms to make explicit reference back to a form mentioned earlier.
- Collocation: using commonly paired or expected words to connect one sentence to another.
- Enumeration: using overt markers of sequence to highlight the connection between ideas.
Levels in Language Use
- Informal/Personal: using slang, local expressions, and text messaging shortcuts (e.g., HEY, SUP, OTW, BRB, BES, GNYT, SML, YOW, NIGGA, DUDE).
- Standard/Academic: using widely accepted words and phrases found in books, magazines, and newspapers.
Principles in Language Use/Diction
- The Block Method: comparing and contrasting two subjects one at a time.
- The Point-by-Point Method: addressing one subject at a time, writing back and forth between the two subjects.
- Exemplification: using specific, vivid examples to add more information to explain, persuade, define, or illustrate a general idea.
- Classification: dividing a large concept into individual pieces, sorting out or arranging subjects into groups or categories based on their common characteristics.
Patterns of Text Development
- Cause and Effect: explaining why something happens, with three ways to use this pattern: • Cause to effect: stating the cause, followed by sentences stating the effects. • Effect to cause: stating the effect, followed by sentences and paragraphs expounding on the causes. • Consecutive cause and effect: tackling causes, each with its corresponding effect, one by one in a few sentences or a paragraph.
- Persuasion: intending to convince readers to do or believe in something.
- Narration: telling a story, relating an incident or a series of events that leads to a conclusion or ending.
- Description: giving information about a person, object, place, or situation, appealing to the reader's senses.
- Definition: explaining a concept, term, or subject, with two distinct methods: • Informal definition: using denotation (dictionary meaning) and connotation (secondary meaning). • Formal definition: consisting of three principal parts: species, genus, and differentiae.
- Comparison and contrast: explaining how two subjects are similar or different, by making a list of characteristics and identifying similarities and differences.
This quiz covers the two main patterns of text development: narration and description. Narration involves telling a story with a sequence of events, while description focuses on providing sensory details about a person, object, place, or situation.
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