Patient Safety and Medical Errors Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the leading cause of death in the US according to the Institute of Medicine?

Medical errors

What are the big driving factors in healthcare according to the lecture?

Quality, safety, and medical errors

How many preventable deaths due to human error are mentioned in the Institute of Medicine Report?

98,000

What is the eighth leading cause of death according to the Institute of Medicine Report?

Medical errors Signup and view all the answers

Which government body oversees and approves medical devices?

Food and Drug Administration Signup and view all the answers

What does the FDA recognize as the main influence on user errors with medical devices?

Device design and device labeling Signup and view all the answers

What is described as the ultimate challenge for those who specialize in human factors in healthcare?

Creating a safe culture Signup and view all the answers

What does the lecture suggest is especially costly in medicine?

Error Signup and view all the answers

What is the government body that prioritizes accuracy and safety in medical devices?

Food and Drug Administration Signup and view all the answers

What is not advisable according to the lecture?

Ignoring usability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Norman's seven stages of user activity?

User interaction with a system Signup and view all the answers

What is the Gulf of Evaluation related to?

Interpreting system feedback Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern highlighted in the text regarding FDA device reports?

User errors leading to patient deaths Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the telemedicine device designed for patients with diabetes?

Communicate with a nurse or a physician Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of community-related initiatives mentioned in the text?

Bridge the digital divide Signup and view all the answers

What do Norman's seven stages of user activity outline?

Steps involved in any interaction with a system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of glucose meters mentioned in the text?

Monitor glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of user-centered design mentioned in the text?

Considering different user populations and involving them in the design process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding the digital divide in healthcare?

Unequal access to computer resources and the internet Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the iterative design process mentioned in the text?

Improving the design through evaluation before and after implementation Signup and view all the answers

Usability and Human Factors class primarily focuses on patient safety concerns related to medical devices.

True Signup and view all the answers

Glucose meters are effective for all patients, regardless of age.

False Signup and view all the answers

The digital divide in healthcare is no longer a significant concern as it has been closing over the years.

False Signup and view all the answers

The telemedicine device mentioned in the text is designed for patients with heart conditions.

False Signup and view all the answers

The touch screen interface was developed to enhance usability, especially for older adults and computer newcomers.

True Signup and view all the answers

The iterative design process starts with developing prototypes and beta versions before implementing a mature system.

True Signup and view all the answers

User-centered design does not involve considering different user populations and involving them in the design process.

False Signup and view all the answers

Norman's seven stages of user activity do not outline the steps involved in any interaction with a system.

False Signup and view all the answers

Bridging gulf of execution involves issues with interpreting system feedback.

False Signup and view all the answers

Observing end-users as they interact with a system is not a source of usability evidence according to the lecture.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Medical errors kill more people every year than car wrecks, breast cancer, and AIDS combined.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Institute of Medicine Report titled 'To Err is Human' states that 98,000 preventable deaths occur annually due to human error in healthcare.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The FDA recognizes that most user errors with medical devices are influenced by device design and device labeling.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Ignoring usability is advisable when prioritizing accuracy and safety in medical devices.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The big driving factors in healthcare now include quality, safety, and medical errors.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The ultimate challenge for those who specialize in human factors in healthcare is to create a safe culture given the complexity of the industry.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: According to the lecture, if errors are not reported, it is easier to learn from those errors.

False Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Food and Drug Administration oversees and approves medical devices in the US.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The Institute of Medicine Report titled 'To Err is Human' states that medical errors are the eighth leading cause of death.

True Signup and view all the answers

True or false: According to the text, the FDA recognizes that usability standards may need improvement to ensure reliable medical products.

True Signup and view all the answers

According to the Institute of Medicine, 98,000 people every year die due to ______

medical errors Signup and view all the answers

The Food and Drug Administration is the government body that oversees and approves ______ devices

medical Signup and view all the answers

Ignoring ______ is not advisable

usability Signup and view all the answers

The big driving factors in healthcare now: 1. Quality 2. Safety 3. ______

medical errors Signup and view all the answers

If errors are not reported, which is too often the case, then it is much harder to learn from those ______

errors Signup and view all the answers

The Institute of Medicine Report: “To Err is Human” states that 98,000 preventable deaths occur annually due to ______ error in healthcare

human Signup and view all the answers

The FDA recognizes most user errors with medical devices are: Influenced by device design and device ______

labeling Signup and view all the answers

To Err is Human” states that medical errors are the eighth leading ______ of death

cause Signup and view all the answers

While they prioritize accuracy and safety, ______ standards may need improvement to ensure reliable products

usability Signup and view all the answers

Given the complexity of healthcare, create a safe culture seems to be the ultimate challenge for those who specialize in ______ factors

human Signup and view all the answers

Glucose meters are commonly used by people with ______

diabetes Signup and view all the answers

The digital divide in healthcare highlights unequal access to computer resources and the ______

internet Signup and view all the answers

The telemedicine device mentioned in the text was designed for patients with ______

diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Norman's seven stages of user activity outline the steps involved in any interaction with a ______

system Signup and view all the answers

The ultimate challenge for those who specialize in human factors in healthcare is to create a ______

safe culture Signup and view all the answers

The iterative design process involves starting with a needs analysis, then developing prototypes and beta versions before implementing a ______

mature system Signup and view all the answers

The main concern highlighted in the text regarding FDA device reports is potential errors caused by ______

medical devices Signup and view all the answers

The big driving factors in healthcare now include quality, safety, and medical ______

errors Signup and view all the answers

The primary goal of user-centered design mentioned in the text is to consider different user populations and involve them in the ______

design process Signup and view all the answers

The touch screen interface was developed to enhance usability, especially for older adults and computer ______

newcomers Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their description:

Gulf of Execution = Gap between user’s goals & state of system Gulf of Evaluation = Gap between observed & expected system state Norman's seven stages of user activity = Outline the steps involved in any interaction with a system Iterative design process = An iterative process, starting with a needs analysis, then developing prototypes and beta versions before implementing a mature system Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their primary focus in healthcare:

FDA device reports = Potential errors caused by medical devices Digital divide = Unequal access to computer resources and the internet Usability and Human Factors = Improving patient safety Telemedicine device = Designed for patients with diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their primary concern:

Glucose meters = Usability issues, especially for older patients Community-related initiatives = Bridging the digital divide gaps Touch screen device = Enhancing usability for older adults and computer newcomers User-centered design = Considering different user populations and involving them in the design process Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their source of usability evidence:

Basic Observation system = Observing others using a system Expert review/usability inspection = Usability review by experts End-user observation = Observing end-users as they interact with a system Video capture & review = Recording and reviewing user interactions during usability testing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their primary focus in healthcare design:

Design = Balancing conflicting requirements and generating alternatives User-centered design = Considering different user populations and involving them in the design process Iterative design process = Starting with a needs analysis and developing prototypes before implementing a mature system Norman's seven stages of user activity = Outlining the steps involved in any interaction with a system Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their primary concerns in healthcare:

Quality = Ensuring high standards of care Safety = Preventing harm to patients Medical errors = Reducing preventable deaths Usability standards = Improving reliability of medical products Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their association in the text:

Institute of Medicine = Reported 98,000 preventable deaths due to human error FDA = Oversees and approves medical devices Kohn, L. T., Corrigan, J., & Donaldson, M. S. = Authored a table on annual death rates in the US Human factors specialists = Challenged to create a safe culture in healthcare Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their roles in patient safety:

Medical devices = Subject to user errors influenced by design and labeling Healthcare professionals = Challenged to create a safe culture in a complex environment Error reporting = Critical for learning and preventing future mistakes Complexity of healthcare = Poses challenges for ensuring safety and quality Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their implications in the text:

Preventable deaths = Highlighted as a major concern in healthcare Digital divide in healthcare = Raises concerns about unequal access to resources Glucose meters = Commonly used by specific patient populations Telemedicine device = Designed for improving accessibility and care for certain patients Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their associations in the text:

Patient safety = Highlighted as a primary concern in healthcare FDA device reports = Emphasize potential errors influenced by design and labeling Iterative design process = Mentioned in the context of developing reliable medical products Gulf of Evaluation = Related to issues with interpreting system feedback Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patient Safety

Medical errors are a significant concern, causing more deaths than car wrecks, breast cancer, and AIDS combined, with 98,000 people dying every year due to medical errors.
The Institute of Medicine Report "To Err is Human" highlights 98,000 preventable deaths due to human error, making it the eighth leading cause of death.

Medical Device Errors

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognizes that most user errors with medical devices are influenced by device design and device labeling, rather than just human error.
The FDA receives over 25,000 device reports related to user errors, which have been implicated in patient/user deaths.

Digital Divide

The digital divide refers to the socioeconomic and demographic divisions between computer users and nonusers, particularly affecting elderly adults, less affluent, Hispanics and African Americans, rural populations, and less educated individuals.
Community-related initiatives aim to bridge the digital divide, such as training community members to access health information online.

Design and Usability

Design involves conceiving a plan and balancing conflicting requirements, generating alternatives, and using representations such as natural language, diagrams, and prototypes.
Iterative design process starts with a needs analysis, develops prototypes and beta versions, and evaluates the design before and after implementation.
User-centered design involves considering different user populations and involving them in the design process, such as Cornelia Ruland's work in engaging children with cancer in creating a system to help them express themselves and make choices about their treatment.

Norman's Seven Stages of User Activity

The seven stages of user activity outline the steps involved in interacting with a system, starting with setting a goal, specifying an action, and interacting with the system, followed by system responses and user interpretation.

Bridging Gulfs

There are two types of problems that can occur when interacting with a system: the Gulf of Execution (gap between user's goals and system state) and the Gulf of Evaluation (gap between observed and expected system state).

Sources of Usability Evidence

Sources of usability evidence include basic observation, expert review/usability inspection, end-user observation, video capture and review, and formal coding.

Summary

The class discusses patient safety, digital divide, and usability and human factors, focusing on iterative design and user-centered design for improving patient safety.
The class also covers Norman's seven stages of user interactivity and introduces the concepts of the "gulf of execution" and "gulf of evaluation".

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