48 Questions
What indicates complete healing of a bone fracture?
The callus has been completely replaced with mature bone
What is rickets characterized by?
Vitamin D deficiency
What is the primary cause of osteoporosis in older women?
Estrogen deficiency
What does the lack of detectable movement of a bone break indicate?
No specific indication
What may be present even when a bone fracture is healed?
Pain at the fracture site
What is not a cause of rickets?
Phosphate excess
What is related to osteoporosis in older women?
Low estrogen levels
What is not a primary cause of osteoporosis in older women?
High calcium intake
What is not a characteristic of rickets?
Phosphate excess
What is not a factor contributing to osteoporosis in older women?
High vitamin D levels
What is not a cause of weak and soft bones in rickets?
Excessive estrogen
What is not related to osteoporosis in older women?
High calcium intake
Which type of fracture is broken and protruding through the skin?
Transverse fracture
What is the most likely event following a bone fracture?
Development of a blood clot beneath the periosteum
What is the unique characteristic feature of fibromyalgia?
Tender point pain
What is the likely complication from a compound transverse fracture?
Compartment syndrome
Which condition is genetically transmitted and not easily preventable?
Muscular dystrophy
What is the indication of passive stretching of a muscle?
Noncontractile tissue injury
What is the likely cause of impaired bone healing?
Nicotine use
Which disease is characterized by dysfunctional acetylcholine receptors?
Myasthenia gravis
What may be used to manage myasthenia gravis?
Anticholinesterase inhibitors
What are the likely signs of compartment syndrome requiring cast split or removal?
Pulselessness and pallor six hours after surgical alignment and casting
What is the term for a fracture breaking into two or more fragments?
Comminuted fracture
In which bones do greenstick fractures occur most often?
Growing bones of children
What is the primary cause of most muscle strains?
Abnormal muscle contraction
Which condition increases the risk of bone fractures due to weakened bone structure?
Osteoporosis
What is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Early menopause
Which disorder usually causes skeletal pain and involves significant bone demineralization from vitamin D deficiency?
Osteomalacia
What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis?
Hematogenous spread of infection
What is the cause of compartment syndrome?
Soft-tissue damage
What is the most common symptom of multiple myeloma?
Bone pain
Which are common manifestations of fibromyalgia? (Select all that apply)
Generalized pain
What are characteristics of scoliosis? (Select all that apply)
Involvement of lateral curvature of the spine
What is the primary cause of multiple myeloma?
Plasma cell proliferation
What is the main reason for the development of Brodie abscess?
Enclosure of infection by fibrotic tissue
What is the most common cause of muscle necrosis?
Ischemia
What is a common complication of severe and untreated scoliosis?
Respiratory complications
What is the characteristic feature of fibromyalgia?
Widespread pain
Which bone disorder involves inadequate mineralization in the osteoid?
Osteomalacia
What is the term for the displacement of two bones with partial loss of contact?
Subluxation
Which bone disorder is characterized by excessive bone resorption and formation, leading to fractures and deformities?
Paget disease
What is the most common type of osteomyelitis?
Hematogenous osteomyelitis
What is the term for the healing of a fractured bone with poor alignment?
Malunion
Which bone disorder involves weak and soft bones due to vitamin D deficiency in adults?
Osteomalacia
What type of tumor is osteosarcoma?
Malignant bone-forming tumor
What is bursitis?
Inflammation of the sacs overlying bony prominences
What type of fracture occurs primarily in children?
Greenstick fracture
What is the cause of pain in fibromyalgia?
Changes in pain transmission in the spinal cord
Study Notes
Pathophysiology 6th Edition Test Bank Summary
- Passive stretching of a muscle indicative of noncontractile tissue injury
- Muscular dystrophy is genetically transmitted, not easily preventable, not autoimmune or demyelinating
- Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease with dysfunctional acetylcholine receptors
- Anticholinesterase inhibitors may be used to manage myasthenia gravis
- Compound transverse fracture is broken and protruding through the skin
- Likely complications from a compound transverse fracture include bone infection, fat emboli, and compartment syndrome
- Pulselessness and pallor six hours after surgical alignment and casting indicate compartment syndrome, requiring cast split or removal
- Development of a blood clot beneath the periosteum is the most likely event following a bone fracture
- Bone healing may be impaired by nicotine use, not excessive vitamin C, high-protein diet, or immobilization
- Unique characteristic feature of fibromyalgia is tender point pain
- A fracture breaking into two or more fragments is called a comminuted fracture
- Greenstick fractures occur most often in the growing bones of children
Pathophysiology of Bone Disorders
- Osteopenia, osteomyelitis, and osteoporosis are not caused by vitamin D deficiency
- Malunion is the healing of a fractured bone with poor alignment
- Subluxation is the displacement of two bones with partial loss of contact
- Osteomalacia involves inadequate mineralization in the osteoid
- Rickets, caused by vitamin D deficiency, is similar to osteomalacia
- Pain in fibromyalgia involves changes in pain transmission in the spinal cord
- Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone-forming tumor
- Bursitis is inflammation of the sacs overlying bony prominences
- Paget disease involves excessive bone resorption and formation, causing fractures and deformities
- Greenstick fractures occur primarily in children
- Osteomalacia is caused by vitamin D deficiency in adults
- Hematogenous osteomyelitis via the bloodstream is the most common type of osteomyelitis
Test your knowledge of pathophysiology with this summary of key concepts from the 6th edition test bank. Covering topics such as muscle injuries, genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, fractures, and healing complications, this quiz will challenge your understanding of various pathological conditions and their management.
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