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Questions and Answers
What initiation mechanism primarily leads to caseous necrosis?
What initiation mechanism primarily leads to caseous necrosis?
Which type of necrosis is associated with creamy yellow necrotic material known as pus?
Which type of necrosis is associated with creamy yellow necrotic material known as pus?
What distinguishes dry gangrene from wet gangrene?
What distinguishes dry gangrene from wet gangrene?
In fibrinoid necrosis, what is primarily deposited in the walls of arteries?
In fibrinoid necrosis, what is primarily deposited in the walls of arteries?
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What is the primary pathological process involved in enzymatic fat necrosis?
What is the primary pathological process involved in enzymatic fat necrosis?
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What is the main focus of the pathology handout by Dr. Kevin Elomina?
What is the main focus of the pathology handout by Dr. Kevin Elomina?
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The handouts can be reproduced without the consent of Topnotch Medical Board Preparation Incorporated.
The handouts can be reproduced without the consent of Topnotch Medical Board Preparation Incorporated.
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How often are the Topnotch review materials updated?
How often are the Topnotch review materials updated?
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The handouts are only valid for the __________ PLE batch.
The handouts are only valid for the __________ PLE batch.
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Match the following topics with their respective page numbers:
Match the following topics with their respective page numbers:
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Study Notes
Coagulative Necrosis
- Occurs in all organs except the brain due to ischemia.
- Characterized by slow protein denaturation.
- Infarct results in a localized area where coagulative necrosis occurs.
- Morphological features include intense eosinophilia and preserved tissue architecture, known as acidophilic tombstone, with loss of nuclear details.
Liquefactive Necrosis
- Commonly associated with bacterial or fungal infections and ischemic necrosis in brain tissue.
- Pathogenesis involves damage from neutrophilic enzymes that degrade cellular components.
- Results in pus, a creamy yellow necrotic material comprising leukocytes, fluid, and necrotic debris.
Gangrenous Necrosis
- Typically results from loss of blood supply in limbs.
- Shares the same pathogenesis as coagulative necrosis.
- Dry gangrene features coagulative necrosis affecting multiple tissue planes.
- Wet gangrene is a combination of dry gangrene with superimposed liquefactive necrosis due to bacterial infection.
Caseous Necrosis
- Often associated with tuberculous infections.
- Tissue destruction is caused by a cell-mediated immune response.
- Grossly presents as white, cheese-like, friable areas of necrosis.
- Microscopically, shows structureless collections of fragmented or lysed cells, amorphous granular debris, and surrounding granulomas indicating inflammation.
Enzymatic Fat Necrosis
- Usually linked to acute pancreatitis and breast fat necrosis.
- Pathogenesis involves lipases that break down triglycerides into fatty acids, leading to saponification when fatty acids combine with calcium ions.
- Gross appearances include chalky-white areas indicative of fat saponification.
- Microscopic findings reveal shadowy outlines of necrotic fat cells, basophilic calcium deposits, and surrounding inflammatory reactions.
Fibrinoid Necrosis
- Occurs in conditions of immunologically mediated vasculitis.
- Characterized by deposition of immune complexes (antigen-antibody complexes) in arterial walls.
- Morphologically presents as bright pink, amorphous material filling the walls of affected arteries.
Overview
- This handout is tailored for the October 2024 Professional Licensure Exam (PLE) batch.
- Regular updates ensure relevance and accuracy, making materials obsolete for subsequent batches.
Legal Information
- Protected under RA 8293, the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines.
- Strictly for personal use by the listed individuals or subscribers of Topnotch Medical Board Preparation.
- Unauthorized reproduction, sharing, or distribution may lead to legal action.
Contributors
- Material prepared by Dr. Kevin A. Elomina, MD, DPSP, and contributors: Dr. Mark Milan, Dr. Frinz Moey C. Rubio, Dr. Juan Lorenzo D. Santos, and Dr. Bradley Ashley G. Ong.
Confidentiality Disclosure
- Handouts must be kept confidential and not shared or reproduced.
- Possession of the handout by individuals not listed constitutes a violation of intellectual property rights.
Topics Covered
- Cellular Responses to Stress
- Inflammation and Repair
- Hemodynamic Disorders
- Genetic Disorders
- Diseases of the Immune System
- Neoplasia
- Infectious Diseases
- Environmental and Nutritional Pathology
- Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
- Blood Vessels
- Heart
- WBCs, LNs, Spleen, and Thymus
- Red Blood Cell and Bleeding Disorders
Additional Notes
- Participants are advised to purchase all recommended review books and materials for comprehensive preparation.
- Materials are updated bi-annually based on current trends and feedback from participants.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the various patterns of necrosis, including coagulative and liquefactive necrosis. Explore the settings, pathogenesis, and morphology associated with these types of tissue death. This quiz will help you understand the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of necrosis.
