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Questions and Answers
What are the two main types of tissue response to necrosis mentioned in the text?
What are the two main types of tissue response to necrosis mentioned in the text?
What is the most common type of necrosis described in the text?
What is the most common type of necrosis described in the text?
Which of the following organs is NOT commonly affected by coagulative necrosis according to the text?
Which of the following organs is NOT commonly affected by coagulative necrosis according to the text?
What is the main cause of coagulative necrosis described in the text?
What is the main cause of coagulative necrosis described in the text?
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What is the hallmark of coagulative necrosis according to the text?
What is the hallmark of coagulative necrosis according to the text?
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What is the main mechanism by which coagulative necrosis occurs according to the text?
What is the main mechanism by which coagulative necrosis occurs according to the text?
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In necrosis, what happens to the nucleus compared to apoptosis?
In necrosis, what happens to the nucleus compared to apoptosis?
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Which type of cell death involves programmed cell death of tissue?
Which type of cell death involves programmed cell death of tissue?
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Which type of cell death shows intact lysosomes?
Which type of cell death shows intact lysosomes?
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What is one key difference between necrosis and apoptosis in terms of the cell membrane?
What is one key difference between necrosis and apoptosis in terms of the cell membrane?
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Which type of cell death leads to an inflammatory response?
Which type of cell death leads to an inflammatory response?
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Which feature is common to both necrosis and apoptosis?
Which feature is common to both necrosis and apoptosis?
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Which type of necrosis occurs commonly due to ischaemia and bacterial or fungal infections?
Which type of necrosis occurs commonly due to ischaemia and bacterial or fungal infections?
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What is the microscopic picture of caseous necrosis?
What is the microscopic picture of caseous necrosis?
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Which type of necrosis starts as ischaemic coagulative necrosis due to endarteritis obliterans then leads to partial liquefaction of the necrotic cells?
Which type of necrosis starts as ischaemic coagulative necrosis due to endarteritis obliterans then leads to partial liquefaction of the necrotic cells?
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What are the common examples of liquefactive necrosis?
What are the common examples of liquefactive necrosis?
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In which type of necrosis does the affected area appear soft with a liquefied center containing necrotic debris?
In which type of necrosis does the affected area appear soft with a liquefied center containing necrotic debris?
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What causes cell lysis more than protein denaturation in liquefactive necrosis?
What causes cell lysis more than protein denaturation in liquefactive necrosis?
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Study Notes
Tissue Response to Necrosis
- Two main types of tissue response to necrosis: inflammation and repair.
- Coagulative necrosis is the most common type of necrosis.
Organs Affected by Coagulative Necrosis
- The brain is NOT commonly affected by coagulative necrosis.
Causes and Characteristics of Coagulative Necrosis
- Main cause of coagulative necrosis: ischemia, which deprives tissues of oxygen.
- Hallmark of coagulative necrosis: preservation of the basic tissue architecture despite cell death.
- Coagulative necrosis primarily occurs through the mechanism of protein denaturation.
Differences in Cellular Changes
- In necrosis, the nucleus undergoes degradation (pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis), whereas apoptosis features nuclear shrinkage and fragmentation.
- Programmed cell death of tissue is characteristic of apoptosis.
Characteristics of Cell Death
- Apoptosis shows intact lysosomes, whereas necrosis typically does not.
- A key difference between necrosis and apoptosis is that necrosis usually involves damage to the cell membrane, leading to cell lysis, while apoptosis maintains membrane integrity until late stages.
- Necrosis triggers an inflammatory response due to the release of cellular contents.
Common Features
- Both necrosis and apoptosis involve cellular degradation processes.
Types of Necrosis
- Liquefactive necrosis occurs commonly due to ischemia and bacterial or fungal infections.
- Caseous necrosis presents a microscopic picture of cheese-like (caseous) granuloma formed by inflammatory cells.
Progression of Necrosis
- Gangrenous necrosis starts as ischemic coagulative necrosis due to endarteritis obliterans, leading to partial liquefaction of necrotic cells.
- Common examples of liquefactive necrosis include brain infarcts and bacterial infections.
- In liquefactive necrosis, the affected area appears soft with a liquefied center containing necrotic debris.
- In liquefactive necrosis, cell lysis occurs more than protein denaturation, leading to the liquefied state.
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Description
Test your knowledge on specific morphological patterns of necrosis, including coagulative necrosis and liquefactive necrosis. Learn about the different types of necrotic cell changes and their associated characteristics.
