Pathology Quiz on Neoplasia and Tumors

Abnormal cell characteristics indicating potential malignancy, such as enlarged nuclei and irregular shapes.

Increase in the size of the cell nucleus, often indicating a problem with the cell.

Variation in the size and shape of the cell nuclei, often seen in cancerous cells.

Increased staining intensity of the nucleus, suggestive of genetic abnormality or malignancy.

The spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body.

Loss of differentiation in cancer cells, making them primitive and less like mature cells.

The process where epithelial cells gain migratory and invasive properties, becoming mesenchymal cells.

How much tumor cells resemble their tissue of origin; well-differentiated cells are more like normal cells than poorly differentiated ones.

The process during embryonic development where cells rearrange to form layers.

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; a process where epithelial cells gain migratory properties.

A species of frog known for its unique gastrulation process.

A type of gastrulation where a mass of cells folds inward.

Supportive cells in a tissue that aid in structure and function.

The process by which signaling proteins facilitate communication between cells.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; a signal protein that promotes blood vessel growth.

Matrix Metalloproteinases; enzymes that degrade components of the extracellular matrix.

Molecules like TGF- and EGF that promote cell growth and healing.

The breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids, often exposing binding sites.

Proteins that facilitate cell-ECM adhesion, recognizing RGD sites exposed by ECM degradation.

A network of proteins and molecules providing structural support in tissues.

Process where epithelial cells lose their adhesion and gain migratory properties.

Binding of growth factors to their corresponding receptors activates signaling pathways.

Changes in the cell's structure that facilitate movement and shape changes during EMT.

Proteins like Snail and ZEB that regulate gene expression during EMT, promoting migration.

A benign tumor of the thyroid gland.

A malignant tumor that arises in epithelial tissue.

A malignant tumor originating from glandular cells.

Abnormal cell growth that may progress to cancer.

Premalignant changes occurring within an epithelium.

Spectrum of abnormal cell changes in the cervix.

A virus linked to the development of cervical cancer.

A mixed tumor with both glandular and stroma components.