Pathology of the Nervous System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the three main characteristics of epileptic seizures?

  • The loss of control, the episodic nature, and the repetitive nature
  • The progressive nature, the metastatic nature, and the older age of onset
  • The abnormal and excessive neuronal discharge, the sign of cerebral dysfunction, and the sudden onset and termination (correct)
  • The presence of vestibular signs, tremors, and ataxia

    • What is a recommended diagnostic approach for epilepsy?

  • Labs, CT scan, MRI, and radiation
  • X-rays, CSF tap, eye exam, and MRI (correct)
  • Eye exam, CT scan, MRI, and labs
  • Screen for other tumors, labs, radiation, and chemotherapy

    • What is a treatment option for epileptic animals showing clinical signs?

  • Corticosteroids and eye exam
  • Surgery for tumor removal and anti-seizure medications (correct)
  • Radiation and chemotherapy
  • Labs and CT scan

    • What is the characteristic nature of epileptic attacks?

    <p>They start suddenly and terminate suddenly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of recurrent seizures in epilepsy?

    <p>Sign of cerebral dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic nature of epileptic attacks?

    <p>They start suddenly and terminate suddenly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment for epileptic animals showing clinical signs?

    <p>Corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of recurrent seizures in epilepsy?

    <p>Cerebral dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended diagnostic approach for epilepsy?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main characteristics of epileptic seizures?

    <p>Abnormal and excessive neuronal discharge, cerebral dysfunction, episodic nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nervous System Overview

    • Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord.
    • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) includes cranial nerves and peripheral nerves connecting the brain to the outside world.
    • Neurons transmit electrical impulses to and from the brain.
    • Pathologies in the nervous system disrupt message transmission, leading to clinical neurologic symptoms.

    Brain Trauma

    • Primary Event: Direct injury to the nervous system.
    • Secondary Events: Increased intracerebral pressure, edema, hypoxia, and seizures.
    • Clinical Signs:
      • History of trauma
      • Seizures
      • Blood in the ears, nose, mouth
      • Ocular hemorrhage
      • Loss of consciousness
      • Shock
    • Diagnosis:
      • Patient history and physical examination
      • Laboratory tests
      • Rating scale assessing motor activity, brainstem reflexes, and loss of consciousness
    • Prognosis:
      • Some brain damage may be irreversible.
      • Coma lasting over 48 hours generally indicates poor survival chances.

    Idiopathic Vestibular Disease

    • An acute disorder commonly seen in dogs and cats.
    • Clinical Signs:
      • Incapacitating loss of balance
      • Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements)
      • Disorientation and ataxia (lack of coordination)
      • Vomiting and anorexia (loss of appetite)
    • Diagnosis:
      • Based on clinical signs, laboratory tests, and otic examinations to rule out other issues.
    • Treatment:
      • Generally, not recommended to use antibiotics or steroids.
      • Supportive therapy and force feeding may be necessary.
      • Typically resolves within 3-6 weeks.
    • Owners should monitor pets closely to prevent injuries.

    Neoplasia

    • The term neoplasia refers to abnormal growths that may affect the nervous system, although details on specific neoplastic conditions were not provided in the text.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the pathology of the nervous system with this quiz. Explore topics such as brain and spinal cord injuries, clinical neurologic symptoms, and the transmission system of neurons.

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