Pathology Case Studies

What is the most likely diagnosis for a 45-year-old female with a proximal femoral mass associated with bone destruction?

What is the most likely diagnosis for a middle-aged male with joint pain and a mass at the elbow joint, with needle-like bodies found on aspiration?

What is the most likely diagnosis for a 40-year-old female with a grape-like mass confined to the uterine cavity and a diploid karyotype?

What is true about vulvar Paget's disease?

What is true about in situ lobular carcinoma?

What is true about the effect of hormones on mammary tissue?

What is the most likely diagnosis for a 30-year-old patient with a single osteolytic long bone lesion related to Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor K?

What is a bad histological feature of a breast mass with leaf-like projections?

What is the characteristic growth pattern of anaplasia?

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of HSIL?

What is the most likely diagnosis of an ovarian tumor with small follicles containing acidophilic material?

What is the least likely cause of bilateral nipple discharge?

What is the most likely diagnosis of an infiltrative breast mass with cords of single cells arranged in lines and loss of E-cadherin expression?

What is the most likely diagnosis of a patient with backache and hip joint pain, enlarged distal pharyngeal joints, and bony prominences on X-ray?

Mass Diagnosis

A 45-year-old female with a proximal femoral mass associated with bone destruction, grossly whitish-blue with myxoid areas, is likely to have chondrosarcoma.

Joint Pain Diagnosis

A middle-aged male with joint pain and a mass at the elbow joint, with needle-like bodies in the aspirate, is likely to have gout.

Uterine Mass Diagnosis

A 40-year-old female with a grape-like mass confined to the uterine cavity, with a diploid karyotype, is likely to have a complete hydatidiform mole.

Vulvar Paget's Disease

Vulvar Paget's disease represents an intra-epidermal adenocarcinoma, and prognosis is determined by the underlying carcinoma, arising from multipotential epidermal cells.

In Situ Lobular Carcinoma

In situ lobular carcinoma is rarely associated with calcification, usually does not present with a small palpable mass, has minimal atypia, and more than 50% of cases are bilateral.

Hormones and Mammary Tissue

Pain in the proliferative phase is usually caused by estrogen; in the lactational phase, mammary stromal density is decreased; in menopause, fatty tissue predominates; and secretion is under the control of progesterone.

Bone Lesions

A 30-year-old patient with a single osteolytic long bone lesion related to Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor K is likely to have a giant cell tumor.

Breast Mass Diagnosis

A 45-year-old female with a large breast mass showing leaf-like projections, with bad histological features including increased mitosis, extensile growth pattern, anaplasia, and stroma hypercellularity.

Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions

Cervical intraepithelial lesions may be associated with koilocytosis; only 10% of LSIL will progress to carcinoma; most HSIL will progress to carcinoma; and carcinoma in situ means full-thickness dysplasia.

Ovarian Tumor Diagnosis

An ovarian tumor with solid and cystic components, histologically showing small follicles containing acidophilic material, is likely to be a granulosa cell tumor.

Nipple Discharge Causes

The least likely cause of bilateral nipple discharge is fibrocystic changes.

Breast Mass Diagnosis

A 50-year-old female with an infiltrative breast mass, showing cords of single cells arranged in lines, with loss of E-cadherin expression, is likely to have invasive lobular carcinoma.

Joint Pain Diagnosis

A 50-year-old male with backache and hip joint pain worsening at night, with enlarged distal pharyngeal joints and bony prominences on X-ray, is likely to have osteoarthritis.

A series of case studies in pathology, featuring different patients with various symptoms and diagnoses. Test your knowledge of pathology and diagnose the conditions.