28 Questions
What is the primary focus of the case studies in the initial stages of the semester?
Differentiation between normal and abnormal tissues
What does an etiologic diagnosis typically consist of?
Causative agent and site of the lesion
What is the purpose of a morphologic diagnosis?
To describe the lesion in terms of the affected organ and distribution
What type of diagnosis asks for a disease name in common usage?
Disease diagnosis
What is included in a neoplasm diagnosis?
Name of the neoplasm and the organ it is located in
What is the term for the causative agent of a disease?
Etiologic agent
What is the traditional association of PEM?
Low thiamine
Which of the following is a characteristic of PEM?
Dorsomedial strabismus
What is the underlying cause of polioencephalomalacia and laminar cortical necrosis in cattle, aside from thiamine deficiency?
All of the above
What is a characteristic of lead poisoning?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a cause of polioencephalomalacia and laminar cortical necrosis in cattle?
High calcium intake
What is the age threshold for virus infection to cause enamel hypoplasia in dogs?
6 months
What is a consequence of Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in pigs?
Nasal cavity atrophic rhinitis
What is the result of hyperplasia of the gastric glands in dogs?
Hypertrophic gastritis
What is the consequence of virus infection during enamel formation in dogs?
Segmental enamel hypoplasia
What is the toxin responsible for disrupting the mucus layer and mucosal barrier in pigs?
Dermonecrotic toxin (DNT)
What is the condition characterized by abnormal root development and tartar accumulation in dogs?
Sensitivity and gum disease
What is the likely cause of ischemic necrosis in somni disease?
Toxin-mediated vasculitis
What is the characteristic gross lesion of somni disease in the brain?
Soft red to brown hemorrhagic foci
What is the likely mechanism of bacterial pathogenesis in somni disease?
Bacterial adhesion to vascular endothelial cells
What is the significance of fibrin thrombi in somni disease?
Indicates disseminated intravascular coagulation
What is the likely cause of nasal froth in horses with somni disease?
Post-mortem artifact
What is the significance of kidney lesions in pigs with somni disease?
Indicates post-mortem artifact
What is the cause of the darkened meninges in the dog MDx?
Hypostatic congestion
What is the appearance of the mucosa of the surrounding bowel in the horse MDx?
Grey and autolytic
What is the reason for the unequal expulsion of blood in the dog MDx spleen?
Scattered areas of smooth muscle contraction
What is the cause of the pale white soft tissue in the hepatic vein in the cow MDx?
Increased air pressure during slaughter
What is the reason for the corneal opacity/clouding in the calf MDx?
Post-mortem artifact
Practice describing and interpreting gross lesions, including MDx, EtDx, cause, disease name, DDx, and pathogenesis. Covering various diseases, with a focus on normal vs abnormal vs non-lesions/artefact, and interpretation skills.
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