Path Fit 2: Physical Fitness and Wellness

• Path Fit 2 focuses on Exercise-Based Fitness Activities.
• Module 1 explores Physical Fitness and Wellness.

Learning Outcomes

• Define and explain aspects of physical fitness and wellness.
• Recognize factors impacting physical fitness.
• Explain what it means to live healthy.
• Understand the benefits of physical fitness and wellness.
• Choose and safely perform physical activities for a healthy lifestyle, and create a personal fitness and wellness plan.

Physical Education

• Physical education is vital for the all-round education, promoting physical, social, emotional, and mental growth through body movement in selected activities (Andin, 1988).

Health

• Health is a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.
• Health refers to a physical condition with enough energy and vitality for daily tasks, which is the goal of promoting physical activity.

Lifestyle

• Lifestyles reflect how individuals, families, and societies deal with physical, psychological, social, and economic environments daily.
• Lifestyles is shown in work and leisure activities, attitudes, interests, opinions, values, and how income is managed.

What is Physical Fitness

• Physical fitness is about the body's ability for systems to function effectively together for health and daily activities
• Being physically fit means completing tasks with minimal effort, enabling one to handle work, home duties, and enjoy sports.
• Physical fitness fine-tunes the human body like an engine, according to MIT Medical Center.
• It helps to perform to potential and improves look, feel, and overall condition.
• Physical fitness involves heart, lungs, and muscles, it also influences mental alertness and emotional stability.

Benefits of Being Fit (Duffy, 2017)

• Increased energy for important tasks;

• Greater stamina and positive mindset for emotional challenges;

• Reduced risks of health issues like heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and osteoporosis

• Improved chance to look and feel better;

• Enhanced physical strength for challenges;

• Better chance for better life.

• Looking "fit" does not guarantee being "fit."

• It's important to view fitness holistically, due to diverse health and wellness aspects.

• Health is individual and varies among people, influenced by factors like age, sex, heredity, lifestyle, exercise, and eating habits.

• While age, sex, and heredity are unchangeable, lifestyle, exercise, and eating habits can be modified for improvement.

Components of Physical Fitness

• Understanding the components of physical fitness is key.
• Health-related fitness enhances overall health of individual.

Five components of physical fitness related to health

• Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength, body composition, and flexibility.
• Cardiorespiratory Endurance is the capacity of lungs, heart, and blood vessels to supply oxygen to cells for sustained physical exercise.
• Muscular Endurance is the muscle's ability to exert force continuously over time.
• Muscular Strength is the muscle's ability to exert maximum force against resistance.
• Body Composition refers to fat and nonfat components, is important for determining healthy body weight.
• Flexibility is the joint's ability to move freely through its full range of motion.

Skill-related fitness

• Skill-related fitness programs are designed to improve athletic ability.
• Skill-related fitness includes agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed.
• Agility enables rapid changes in direction and body position under control.
• Balance is the ability to stand upright or control body movements.
• Coordination is controlling two or more body parts effectively.
• Power means ability to exert full power quickly.
• Reaction Time the speed of response to stimuli.
• Speed refers to moving quickly over ground, or swiftly moving limbs.

What is Wellness

• Wellness is consistently practicing healthy habits for better physical and mental health, so that you prosper while living.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) defines wellness as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
• The National Wellness Institute defines wellness as "a conscious, self-directed and evolving process of achieving full potential."

Dimensions of Wellness

• There are nine dimensions of wellness: occupational, emotional, spiritual, environmental, financial, physical, social, sexual, and intellectual.
• Emotional wellness includes understanding feelings and coping with stress.
• Environmental wellness involves harmony with surroundings, including preservation.
• Financial wellness relates to handling expenses effectively.
• Intellectual wellness is the ability to keep an open mind and improve knowledge.
• Occupational wellness focuses on personal enrichment through work.
• Physical wellness means maintaining a safe body and seeking treatment when necessary.
• Sexual Wellness involves one's active participation in discussing sexuality and sexual health.
• Social Wellness involves helping to develop a set of spiritual values that will help you achieve purpose and meaning.
• Spiritual wellness is developing values to achieve purpose and meaning.

Training Concepts and Methodologies

• Key principles of training include specificity, overload, progression, and reversibility.
• Specificity: Training should be customized to target specific sport needs and body parts.
• Overload: Enhancing fitness requires exerting more effort than usual.
• Progression: Gradually increase exercise amount while maintaining overload to avoid injury and ensure continuous adaptation.
• Reversibility: Exercise adaptations are lost when training stops.
• Consistency is needed to maintain fitness gains.

The FITT Principles

• Use the FITT principles to enhance the fitness program.
• FITT stands for: Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.
• Frequency: Decides how often to train.
• Intensity: Chooses how hard to work out.
• Time: Chooses how long to train.
• Type: Chooses which training techniques to use.