Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of marshalling vehicles on a train?
What is the primary purpose of marshalling vehicles on a train?
Where should ladies' compartments be positioned in the train?
Where should ladies' compartments be positioned in the train?
In a newly designed SLR with the passenger portion in the middle, how can it be positioned?
In a newly designed SLR with the passenger portion in the middle, how can it be positioned?
What should be done if there is a shortage of SLRs?
What should be done if there is a shortage of SLRs?
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How should the SLR be marshalled when it has a passenger portion on one side and a luggage-cum-brake portion on the other?
How should the SLR be marshalled when it has a passenger portion on one side and a luggage-cum-brake portion on the other?
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What is the requirement for anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches marshalled inside SLRs?
What is the requirement for anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches marshalled inside SLRs?
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What happens when the passenger portion of an SLR is positioned next to the engine?
What happens when the passenger portion of an SLR is positioned next to the engine?
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What is essential for the proper marshalling of non-passenger carrying stock?
What is essential for the proper marshalling of non-passenger carrying stock?
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Which statement is true regarding the attachment of dead locomotives to passenger trains?
Which statement is true regarding the attachment of dead locomotives to passenger trains?
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Under which conditions can three locomotives be hauled together by goods trains?
Under which conditions can three locomotives be hauled together by goods trains?
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What should be done if a dead locomotive cannot have its brake operational in an air-braked train?
What should be done if a dead locomotive cannot have its brake operational in an air-braked train?
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When is escorting of dead locomotives necessary?
When is escorting of dead locomotives necessary?
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What is true about medical relief vans in relation to brake vans?
What is true about medical relief vans in relation to brake vans?
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What is the primary requirement for the use of anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs?
What is the primary requirement for the use of anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs?
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Under what condition is marshalling of three coaches around an SLR permitted on short service trains?
Under what condition is marshalling of three coaches around an SLR permitted on short service trains?
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How should non-passenger coaches be marshalled?
How should non-passenger coaches be marshalled?
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How should reserved bogies occupied by VIP passengers be treated?
How should reserved bogies occupied by VIP passengers be treated?
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What must be done to POH/sick coaches returned to shops when attached to passenger trains?
What must be done to POH/sick coaches returned to shops when attached to passenger trains?
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What is true about sectional/through service coaches that are anti-telescopic?
What is true about sectional/through service coaches that are anti-telescopic?
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What is a requirement for attaching Inspection Carriages on short trains?
What is a requirement for attaching Inspection Carriages on short trains?
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What is necessary for anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs to be utilized on mainline passenger trains?
What is necessary for anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs to be utilized on mainline passenger trains?
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Where can wooden-bodied reserved bogies be marshalled?
Where can wooden-bodied reserved bogies be marshalled?
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What aspect of marshalling is true for the use of anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches on trains?
What aspect of marshalling is true for the use of anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches on trains?
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What should be done if it is not possible to lock up certain coaches?
What should be done if it is not possible to lock up certain coaches?
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Who issues the normal composition and marshalling order for block rake composition?
Who issues the normal composition and marshalling order for block rake composition?
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What is required for a passenger train to be classified as a mixed train?
What is required for a passenger train to be classified as a mixed train?
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Where should goods stock normally be attached in a mixed train?
Where should goods stock normally be attached in a mixed train?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the attachment of four-wheelers on MG and NG trains?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the attachment of four-wheelers on MG and NG trains?
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What happens to the rules on four-wheelers in BG trains?
What happens to the rules on four-wheelers in BG trains?
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Which of the following is allowed to be attached outside the rear brake van?
Which of the following is allowed to be attached outside the rear brake van?
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What is the preferred position for marshalling empty coaching stock?
What is the preferred position for marshalling empty coaching stock?
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What is the role of SRs regarding the attachment of vehicles outside the rear brake van?
What is the role of SRs regarding the attachment of vehicles outside the rear brake van?
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In a fully vacuum train, where can vehicles be attached?
In a fully vacuum train, where can vehicles be attached?
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What is the purpose of a banking engine on ascending gradients?
What is the purpose of a banking engine on ascending gradients?
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Which of the following conditions is NOT required for attaching a dead locomotive?
Which of the following conditions is NOT required for attaching a dead locomotive?
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What should be checked after coupling a dead locomotive and before moving?
What should be checked after coupling a dead locomotive and before moving?
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Under what condition can a dead electric locomotive be moved on a non-electrified section?
Under what condition can a dead electric locomotive be moved on a non-electrified section?
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Which trains are dead locomotives NOT allowed to be attached to?
Which trains are dead locomotives NOT allowed to be attached to?
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What must be true about the brakes of a dead locomotive for it to be attached?
What must be true about the brakes of a dead locomotive for it to be attached?
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What is the required action after the coupling of locos for about 500 meters?
What is the required action after the coupling of locos for about 500 meters?
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What should be ensured regarding the maximum permissible speed when attaching a dead locomotive?
What should be ensured regarding the maximum permissible speed when attaching a dead locomotive?
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Which of the following statements describes a condition for running double/triple headed locomotives?
Which of the following statements describes a condition for running double/triple headed locomotives?
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Which of the following options is an additional requirement for freight/passenger trains with a dead locomotive?
Which of the following options is an additional requirement for freight/passenger trains with a dead locomotive?
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What is the recommended position for air-conditioned and upper class coaches in a train?
What is the recommended position for air-conditioned and upper class coaches in a train?
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What is the maximum number of dead locomotives that can be attached to a goods train with operational brakes?
What is the maximum number of dead locomotives that can be attached to a goods train with operational brakes?
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How should SLRs with a luggage-cum-brake portion and a passenger portion be marshalled?
How should SLRs with a luggage-cum-brake portion and a passenger portion be marshalled?
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Under what condition can a dead locomotive be attached to a passenger train?
Under what condition can a dead locomotive be attached to a passenger train?
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What should be done if there is a shortage of SLRs?
What should be done if there is a shortage of SLRs?
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What is essential to do when marshalling anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs?
What is essential to do when marshalling anti-telescopic or steel-bodied SLRs?
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When is escorting of dead locomotives necessary during operations?
When is escorting of dead locomotives necessary during operations?
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Which of the following describes the requirement for marshalling new design SLRs?
Which of the following describes the requirement for marshalling new design SLRs?
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What should be ensured about the brake system of a dead locomotive when it is coupled to an air-braked train?
What should be ensured about the brake system of a dead locomotive when it is coupled to an air-braked train?
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What is the requirement for inspection carriages when attached to a light engine?
What is the requirement for inspection carriages when attached to a light engine?
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How many anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches should be marshalled inside SLRs?
How many anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches should be marshalled inside SLRs?
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What should happen to a coaching vehicle attached as a substitute for an SLR?
What should happen to a coaching vehicle attached as a substitute for an SLR?
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Where should non-passenger carrying stock be marshalled preferably?
Where should non-passenger carrying stock be marshalled preferably?
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What is required for three coaches to be marshalled in front and rear of an SLR on short service trains?
What is required for three coaches to be marshalled in front and rear of an SLR on short service trains?
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In what situation can reserved bogies occupied by passengers be marshalled without restriction?
In what situation can reserved bogies occupied by passengers be marshalled without restriction?
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What approach should be taken regarding POH/sick coaches attached to passenger trains?
What approach should be taken regarding POH/sick coaches attached to passenger trains?
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How should sectional/through service coaches that are anti-telescopic or steel-bodied be marshalled?
How should sectional/through service coaches that are anti-telescopic or steel-bodied be marshalled?
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What is the requirement for non-passenger coaches regarding their marshalling?
What is the requirement for non-passenger coaches regarding their marshalling?
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What should be done with wooden-bodied coaches when marshalling with anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches?
What should be done with wooden-bodied coaches when marshalling with anti-telescopic or steel-bodied coaches?
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What is a necessary condition when attaching inspection carriages to passenger trains?
What is a necessary condition when attaching inspection carriages to passenger trains?
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What is a critical aspect regarding the marshalling of POH or sick coaches on passenger trains?
What is a critical aspect regarding the marshalling of POH or sick coaches on passenger trains?
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Under what condition can a short service train have three coaches around an SLR?
Under what condition can a short service train have three coaches around an SLR?
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What dictates the attachment and positioning of non-passenger vehicles on trains?
What dictates the attachment and positioning of non-passenger vehicles on trains?
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What should be done if certain coaches cannot be secured?
What should be done if certain coaches cannot be secured?
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Who is responsible for issuing the normal composition and marshalling order for block rake composition?
Who is responsible for issuing the normal composition and marshalling order for block rake composition?
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What requirement is necessary for classifying a passenger train as a mixed train?
What requirement is necessary for classifying a passenger train as a mixed train?
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In a mixed train, where should the goods stock generally be marshalled?
In a mixed train, where should the goods stock generally be marshalled?
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For marshaling purposes, what is a requirement of four-wheeled vehicles on MG and NG trains?
For marshaling purposes, what is a requirement of four-wheeled vehicles on MG and NG trains?
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Which provision allows for the attachment of vehicles outside the rear brake van in a fully vacuum train?
Which provision allows for the attachment of vehicles outside the rear brake van in a fully vacuum train?
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What is true about the preferred marshalling position for empty coaching stock?
What is true about the preferred marshalling position for empty coaching stock?
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Which of the following vehicles can be attached outside the rear brake van?
Which of the following vehicles can be attached outside the rear brake van?
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What directive should be enforced regarding safety marshalling procedures?
What directive should be enforced regarding safety marshalling procedures?
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What must be established about the brakes of a dead locomotive before it can be attached to a Mail/Express train?
What must be established about the brakes of a dead locomotive before it can be attached to a Mail/Express train?
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Which condition is necessary when attaching a dead electric locomotive to a non-electrified section?
Which condition is necessary when attaching a dead electric locomotive to a non-electrified section?
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What is the maximum permissible speed requirement when attaching a dead locomotive?
What is the maximum permissible speed requirement when attaching a dead locomotive?
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Which statement is true regarding the coupling of locomotives after attaching a dead locomotive?
Which statement is true regarding the coupling of locomotives after attaching a dead locomotive?
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In which situation can dead locomotives be run in double/triple-headed configurations?
In which situation can dead locomotives be run in double/triple-headed configurations?
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What must be checked regarding the temperature of a dead locomotive after it has been attached?
What must be checked regarding the temperature of a dead locomotive after it has been attached?
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Which type of train is specifically excluded from the attachment of dead locomotives?
Which type of train is specifically excluded from the attachment of dead locomotives?
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What does the overall brake power requirement for attaching a dead locomotive imply?
What does the overall brake power requirement for attaching a dead locomotive imply?
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Which condition is NOT required before a dead locomotive can move after being coupled?
Which condition is NOT required before a dead locomotive can move after being coupled?
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Study Notes
Marshalling of Trains
- Marshalling is the process of attaching vehicles to a train in a specific order for safety, operational efficiency, and customer convenience.
Passenger Train Marshalling
-
Principles of Marshalling:
- Upper class coaches, ladies compartments, and dining cars are typically placed in the middle of the train for accessibility.
- Non-passenger carrying stock is positioned near the engine or at the rear for loading and unloading.
SLR and Anti-telescopic Coaches
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SLRs (Siding Luggage Rakes):
- SLRs with passenger portions on one side and luggage/brake portions on the other are marshalled with the luggage/brake portion trailing or next to the engine.
- New SLRs with passenger portions in the middle can be positioned either way.
- If an anti-telescopic SLR is marshalled with the passenger portion next to the engine or rear, the passenger portion should be locked.
- In case of SLR shortages, other suitable coaching vehicles or VPUs (Vehicle Pilot Unit) can be used, but their doors should be locked.
- On MG (Meter Gauge) lines, operational convenience can dictate SLR positioning due to coupler arrangements.
- Two anti-telescopic coaches should be marshalled within the anti-telescopic SLRs at both ends.
- Anti-telescopic SLRs are prioritized for Mail/Express, main line passenger, and then branch line passenger trains.
- Anti-telescopic SLRs are marshalled the same way on all trains.
Short Service Trains
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Short Service Trains:
- Three coaches can be marshalled in front and rear of the SLR, provided they have working brakes and the two end coaches are anti-telescopic.
- An inspection carriage can be attached as the fourth trailer coach.
Non-passenger Coaches
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Non-passenger Coaches:
- VPUs, LRs (Luggage Rakes), WLRRMs (Wagon Lorry Rakes), and other non-passenger coaching vehicles can be marshalled based on operational needs.
- Inspection carriages can be marshalled as operationally convenient.
Reserved Bogies and Saloons
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Reserved Bogies and Saloons:
- Reserved bogies and saloons occupied by VIPs are treated as passenger coaches and marshalled accordingly.
- Anti-telescopic/steel-bodied reserved bogies can be placed as operationally convenient.
- Wooden-bodied reserved bogies should be placed inside the required number of anti-telescopic/steel-bodied coaches.
Sectional/Through Service Coaches
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Sectional/Through Service Coaches:
- Anti-telescopic/steel-bodied sectional/through service coaches can be marshalled as operationally convenient.
POH/Sick Coaches
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POH/Sick Coaches:
- POH (Periodic Overhaul) or sick coaches returning to shops for repairs should be properly locked and secured to prevent passenger entry.
- These coaches can be attached next to the engine or rearmost as convenient.
- If locking them is not possible, they should be treated as normal passenger coaches and marshalled accordingly.
Block Rake Composition
- Block rake composition and marshalling orders are issued by respective railway Commissioners.
-
Mixed Trains:
- Mixed trains (carrying both goods and passengers) require specific authorization and are typically marshalled with all goods stock in one block and all coaching stock in another (except where deviation is permitted).
- Generally, goods stock is attached next to the engine and coach stock is placed inside the rear brake van.
Attaching Four-wheelers
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Four-wheeler attachment is governed by specific rules:
- On MG and NG (Narrow Gauge) lines, single, empty, or loaded four-wheelers should not be placed between an engine and bogie vehicle or between two bogies/wagons.
- On BG (Broad Gauge) lines, this restriction does not apply to match trucks along with Breakdown trains, and in specific circumstances, four-wheeled brake vans can be attached next to the engine if they are equipped with center buffer couplers.
Attaching Vehicles Outside Rear Brakevan
- **Vehicles outside the rear brake van may be attached according to specific rules related to the type of train (fully vacuum or power plant bogies) and any damaged vehicles.
Marshalling Chart for Passenger/Mixed/Goods Trains
- A specific marshalling chart defines the marshalling order for different types of stock, such as empty coaching stock, motor trucks, motor cars, and banking engines.
Attachment of Dead Locomotives
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Dead locomotives can be attached under strict conditions:
- A "Fit to run" certificate from a Section Engineer/Loco Inspector/Power Controller is required.
- The train's maximum permissible speed must be equal to or greater than the dead locomotive's.
- Brakes on the dead locomotive must be operable and synchronized with the working locomotives.
- Double/triple heading is allowed on the section where the dead locomotive is to be hauled.
- If a dead electric locomotive is moved on a non-electrified section, the maximum moving dimensions should be checked, and the dead locomotive may need to be designated as an "ODC" (Over Dimensional Consignment) if necessary.
- Coupled locos must be run for about 500 meters, with the driver checking for overheating of wheels on the dead locomotive at this and subsequent stops.
- Dead locomotives can be attached to Mail/Express (including Superfast - excluding Rajdhani and Shatabdi), passenger, and goods trains if certain conditions related to brakes and speed are met.
- Locomotives with brake defects can be attached to freight trains only after ensuring brake power is within permissible limits.
Attaching/Hauling Dead Locomotives
-
Hauling dead locomotives by different types of trains:
- Only one dead locomotive (diesel/electric) can be attached per train.
- The train's brake power should reach 100% excluding the dead locomotive.
- It is preferable that the dead locomotive's brakes are operational, but if not, brake pipes and feed pipes are connected to ensure proper brake operation.
- For goods trains, a maximum of three locomotives (2 working + 1 dead) can be hauled, provided all restrictions on double/triple headed working locomotives are adhered to.
Escorting Dead Locomotives
-
Escorting of dead locomotives:
- Dead locomotives with operational brakes and attached next to the engine may not require escorting, unless attached in the rear of the brake van or they have undergear equipment defects.
Medical Relief Van
-
Medical Relief Van:
- May be run without a brake van, but local SR (Subsidiary Rules) may apply for Ghat Section (mountainous region) operation.
Inspection Carriages Attached to Light Engine
-
Inspection Carriages attached to Light Engine:
- Up to three occupied inspection carriages can be attached.
- If more than three carriages are attached, rules for running goods trains without a brake van apply.
Attaching Traveling Cranes
-
Traveling Cranes:
- Provisions in G&SR 4.27 should be followed.
Marshalling Overview
- Marshalling refers to attaching vehicles to a train in a defined order.
- The primary aim is to ensure train safety, operational efficiency, and customer convenience.
- A key consideration is placing upper class coaches, ladies compartments, and dining cars near the middle of the train for easier access.
- Non-passenger carrying stock should be positioned near the engine or at the rear.
Safety Marshalling of SLRs and Anti-Telescopic Coaches on Passenger Trains
- Mail and Express trains that use SLRs (with a passenger portion and luggage/brake portion) should have the luggage/brake portion positioned outermost or next to the engine.
- New SLRs with the passenger portion in the middle can be positioned either way.
- If an anti-telescopic/steel-bodied SLR is positioned with the passenger portion next to the engine or rearmost, the passenger portion should be locked.
- In the event of an SLR shortage, a suitable coaching vehicle or VPU may be provided and its doors should be locked.
- For short service trains, three coaches can be marshalled in front and rear of the SLR if they have working brakes and two end coaches are anti-telescopic.
- Non-passenger coaches, including VPs, LRs, WLRRMs, and other coaching vehicles, can be positioned as convenient.
- Reserved bogies and saloons for VIPs should be treated as passenger coaches and positioned accordingly.
- If these are anti-telescopic or steel-bodied, they can be positioned as operationally convenient. If wooden-bodied, they need to be within the required number of anti-telescopic/steel-bodied coaches.
- Sectional/through service coaches, if anti-telescopic/steel-bodied, can be positioned as convenient.
- POH/sick coaches returning to shops for major repairs should be properly locked and windows secured. They can be attached next to the engine or rearmost position. If locks are not possible, they should be treated as passenger coaches and marshalled accordingly.
Block Rake Composition and Mixed Trains
- Block rake composition and marshalling order for passenger trains are issued by the COMs of respective railways.
- The COM authorizes classifying passenger carrying trains as mixed trains.
- Coaching and goods stock should generally be in one block, except where a deviation is permitted.
- Marshaling for mixed trains is determined by the COM, with goods stock usually attached next to the engine and coaching stock inside the rear brake van.
Attaching Four-wheelers on Passenger and Mixed Trains
- Rules regarding the placement of single empty or loaded four-wheelers on passenger and mixed trains should be followed.
- On MG and NG lines, single empty or loaded four-wheelers should not be positioned between an engine and a bogie vehicle/wagon or between two bogies/wagons.
- These restrictions do not apply to match trucks in Break Down trains and four-wheeled brake-vans attached next to the engine under special instructions, if equipped with center buffer couplers.
- Attaching of vehicles outside the rear Brakevan can be done according to specific SRs:
- Attaching of vehicles in rear of Brakevan in fully vacuum train
- Attaching of power plant bogies
- Attaching of damaged vehicles
Marshalling Chart for Passenger, Mixed, and Goods Trains
- This chart provides a general guide to stock marshalling order for different train types:
- Empty coaching stock, covered motor trucks, etc: Ideally, positioned as outermost vehicle at either end.
- Motor car etc. loaded in open wagons, covered with wagon sheets: In the rear of the train, either as the last vehicle or inside the rear brake van.
- Banking Engine:
- on ascending gradients: in rear of train
- on descending gradients: in front
- on both gradients in quick succession: in front
Attachment of Dead Locomotives
- Conditions for attaching a dead locomotive:
- "Fit to run" certificate must be issued by a Section Engineer/Loco Inspector/Power Controller for Passenger/Goods train.
- Maximum permissible speed of the train must be at or above the maximum permissible speed of the dead locomotive.
- Arrangements must be in place to ensure synchronized braking between the dead locomotive and working locomotives.
- Permissible locomotives for attachment:
- Operating double/triple headed on the section is essential.
- Dead electric locomotives on non-electrified sections require checking for any restrictions on moving dimensions.
- In the case of infringement, the dead locomotive is treated as an ODC.
- Before running, coupled locos should be tested for about 500 meters for any abnormal temperature rise in the dead locomotive's wheels.
- In addition to freight/passenger trains, a dead locomotive can be attached to Mail/Express trains, including Superfast trains, excluding Rajdhani and Shatabdi.
- The locomotive's brakes, including proportionate brakes, must be operational. The maximum permissible speed of the locomotive must not be less than the booked speed of the train.
- Locomotives with inoperative brakes can be attached only if the train's brake power is within the permissible limits.
- Locomotives with undergear equipment defects can only be attached to freight trains.
- Attaching/hauling of dead locomotives:
- Only one dead locomotive (diesel/electric) can be attached.
- The train's brake power should be 100% excluding the dead locomotive.
- As far as possible, brakes should work on the dead locomotive. If not, the air-braked train's brake pipe and feed pipe will be connected with the trailing stock, and the dead locomotive will act as a piped vehicle. For a vacuum braked train, the locomotive vacuum pipe will be connected with the trailing stock vacuum train pipe, and the dead locomotive will be treated as a piped vehicle.
- In the case of a purely air-braked locomotive without a vacuum pipe, it should only be attached to air-braked trains.
Attaching Dead Locomotives on Goods Trains
- Maximum three locomotives (2 working + 1 dead) with load are permissible, subject to double/triple headed working locomotive restrictions on the section and operational brakes in the dead locomotive.
Escorting Dead Locomotives
- Escorting is not needed if the dead locomotive's brakes are fully operational and the locomotive is attached next to the engine.
- Escorting is required if the dead locomotive is attached in the rear of the brake van or has undergear equipment defects.
Medical Relief Van
- Can be run without a brake van (local SR should be followed for Ghat Section)
Inspection Carriages attached to Light Engine
- Maximum three occupied inspection carriages can be attached.
- More than three carriages requires following the rules for running goods trains without a brake van.
Attaching Traveling Cranes
- Provisions of G&SR 4.27 should be followed.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential principles of marshalling passenger trains, focusing on the arrangement of coaches for safety and efficiency. Understand the roles of various coach types, including SLRs and anti-telescopic coaches, in ensuring a well-organized train structure.