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Questions and Answers
What is the size range of parvovirus virions?
What is the size range of parvovirus virions?
18–26 nm
What is the primary composition of parvoviruses?
What is the primary composition of parvoviruses?
What type of DNA do parvoviruses have?
What type of DNA do parvoviruses have?
Single-stranded DNA
Parvoviruses contain an envelope.
Parvoviruses contain an envelope.
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Where do parvoviruses replicate?
Where do parvoviruses replicate?
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B19 is a human pathogen that targets red blood cell progenitors.
B19 is a human pathogen that targets red blood cell progenitors.
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In immunocompromised patients, what chronic condition can result from persistent B19 infections?
In immunocompromised patients, what chronic condition can result from persistent B19 infections?
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What are the major proteins found in parvoviruses?
What are the major proteins found in parvoviruses?
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Which of the following conditions is associated with human parvovirus B19 infection?
Which of the following conditions is associated with human parvovirus B19 infection?
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Study Notes
Parvovirus Properties
- Parvoviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with icosahedral symmetry
- They measure 18–26 nm in diameter and possess 32 capsomeres
- Parvoviruses contain a single-stranded DNA genome that is linear, 5.6 kb in length, and has a molecular weight of 1.5–2.0 million
- Their genome is composed of 20% DNA and 80% protein
- Parvoviruses possess one major protein (VP2) and one minor protein (VP1)
Parvovirus Replication
- Parvovirus replication occurs in the nucleus and is dependent on the division of host cells
Human Parvovirus B19
- B19 is a human pathogen that displays tropism for red blood cell progenitors
- B19 infections can lead to erythrocyte maturation arrest and result in erythroblast intranuclear inclusions
- In immunocompromised individuals, persistent B19 infections can occur, resulting in chronic anemia
- In cases of fetal death, chronic B19 infections may have caused severe anemia in the fetus
- Nondefective parvoviruses require dividing host cells for replication
- B19 infections trigger the production of virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies
- B19 DNA persistence has been observed in blood, skin, tonsil, liver, and synovial tissues of immunocompetent individuals
- The rash associated with erythema infectiosum is at least partly immune complex mediated
Clinical and Laboratory Findings of B19 Infection
- During the course of human parvovirus B19 infection in adult volunteers, the first phase of illness with flu-like symptoms coincides with viremia (days 6–12)
- The second phase of illness with rash appears on about day 18
- There is a decrease in reticulocytes and platelets during the course of infection
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Description
This quiz explores the characteristics and replication process of parvoviruses, with a focus on Human Parvovirus B19. Learn about their structure, single-stranded DNA genome, and the impact of B19 on human health, particularly concerning erythrocyte maturation and chronic anemia. Discover the implications for immunocompromised individuals and fetal health.
