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Questions and Answers
What is the size range of parvovirus virions?
18–26 nm
What is the primary composition of parvoviruses?
What type of DNA do parvoviruses have?
Single-stranded DNA
Parvoviruses contain an envelope.
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Where do parvoviruses replicate?
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B19 is a human pathogen that targets red blood cell progenitors.
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In immunocompromised patients, what chronic condition can result from persistent B19 infections?
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What are the major proteins found in parvoviruses?
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Which of the following conditions is associated with human parvovirus B19 infection?
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Study Notes
Parvovirus Properties
- Parvoviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with icosahedral symmetry
- They measure 18–26 nm in diameter and possess 32 capsomeres
- Parvoviruses contain a single-stranded DNA genome that is linear, 5.6 kb in length, and has a molecular weight of 1.5–2.0 million
- Their genome is composed of 20% DNA and 80% protein
- Parvoviruses possess one major protein (VP2) and one minor protein (VP1)
Parvovirus Replication
- Parvovirus replication occurs in the nucleus and is dependent on the division of host cells
Human Parvovirus B19
- B19 is a human pathogen that displays tropism for red blood cell progenitors
- B19 infections can lead to erythrocyte maturation arrest and result in erythroblast intranuclear inclusions
- In immunocompromised individuals, persistent B19 infections can occur, resulting in chronic anemia
- In cases of fetal death, chronic B19 infections may have caused severe anemia in the fetus
- Nondefective parvoviruses require dividing host cells for replication
- B19 infections trigger the production of virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies
- B19 DNA persistence has been observed in blood, skin, tonsil, liver, and synovial tissues of immunocompetent individuals
- The rash associated with erythema infectiosum is at least partly immune complex mediated
Clinical and Laboratory Findings of B19 Infection
- During the course of human parvovirus B19 infection in adult volunteers, the first phase of illness with flu-like symptoms coincides with viremia (days 6–12)
- The second phase of illness with rash appears on about day 18
- There is a decrease in reticulocytes and platelets during the course of infection
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Description
This quiz explores the characteristics and replication process of parvoviruses, with a focus on Human Parvovirus B19. Learn about their structure, single-stranded DNA genome, and the impact of B19 on human health, particularly concerning erythrocyte maturation and chronic anemia. Discover the implications for immunocompromised individuals and fetal health.
