27 Questions
What is the main function of the pineal gland?
Regulates the circadian rhythm
Where is the pineal gland located?
At the posterior wall of the third ventricle
What are the chief cells of the pineal gland called?
Pinealocytes
What do interstitial (glial) cells in the pineal gland closely resemble?
Astrocytes
What is stored in the expanded terminals of the nerve fibers known as Herring bodies?
Vasopressin and oxytocin
Which type of cells are present in the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland?
Basophils (corticotrophs)
What is the function of the hypothalamohypophyseal tract (HT) as mentioned in the text?
Transport of axons
Which cells secrete thyroid hormones when active?
Epithelial thyroid follicles
Which type of endocrine cells are found in the Pars Distalis of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Somatotrophs, mammotrophs, corticotrophs, thyrotrophs, and gonadotrophs
What hormone is secreted by the somatotrophs located in the Pars Distalis of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Growth hormone (GH)
Where is the Pars Tuberalis located in relation to the pituitary gland?
Encircling the infundibulum of the neurohypophysis
What types of cells are most abundant in the Pars Tuberalis?
Gonadotrophs
Where are the Parafollicular Cells located?
At the periphery of follicles in the thyroid gland
What do Parafollicular Cells secrete?
Calcitonin
Where are the Oxyphil cells found?
Parathyroid glands
What is the main function of the parathyroid glands?
Regulation of calcium levels
What is the main component of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and what is its function?
Acidophils, which secrete growth hormone (GH)
Where are endocrine cells found in the body?
In three distinct anatomic distributions
What are the different types of endocrine cells present in the Pars Distalis of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Acidophils and basophils
What is the main function of the thyroid gland?
Production and secretion of thyroid hormones
Which cells are present in the Pars Intermedia of the pituitary gland?
Corticotrophs
What is stored in the Herring bodies within the pituitary gland?
Vasopressin and oxytocin
What do the spherical structures called follicles in the thyroid gland contain?
Thyroglobulin and thyroid hormones
What is the main function of the pineal gland?
Regulates the circadian rhythm
Where is the pineal gland located?
Posterior wall of the third ventricle
What cells are responsible for secreting melatonin in the pineal gland?
Pinealocytes
What is the composition of the endocrine pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans and acini
Test your knowledge on the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland and its components such as basophils (corticotrophs), chromophobes, and Herring bodies. Explore the photomicrograph of the pituitary gland and the structures like the infundibular stalk, posterior lobe, and hypothalamohypophyseal tract.
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