26 Questions
What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of voluntary movement in Parkinson’s disease?
Dopamine
What is the role of the nigrostriatal pathway in Parkinson’s disease?
Modulating and smoothing voluntary muscular movement
What is the primary site of degeneration in Parkinson’s disease?
Substantia nigra
What is the function of the dopamine active transport scan (DaTSCAN) in Parkinson’s disease diagnosis?
To rule out other causes of symptoms
What is the role of GABA-ergic activity in Parkinson’s disease?
Inhibitory activity
What is the current understanding of the cause of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease?
Unknown
What percentage of people with parkinsonism is due to drug treatment?
7%
What is the purpose of dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors in levodopa treatment?
To reduce the peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine
What is the mechanism of action of antimuscarinics in Parkinson's disease management?
Reducing cholinergic excess due to dopamine deficiency
What is the benefit of COMT inhibitors in levodopa treatment?
Reduces the peripheral breakdown of levodopa
What is the purpose of starting levodopa treatment at low doses and titrating up?
To reduce side effects
What is the main difference between dopamine agonists and levodopa?
Dopamine agonists act directly at receptors
What is the side effect of dopamine agonists that is more severe than levodopa?
Psychiatric side effects
What is the main effect of MAO-B inhibitors on dopamine in the synaptic cleft?
Increase dopamine levels
What is the purpose of combination products like Stalevo?
To reduce tablet burden for patients
What is the main difference between Rasagiline and Selegiline?
Rasagiline is not metabolized to amphetamine derivatives, while Selegiline is
What is the main advantage of Selegiline oral lyophilisates freeze-dried tablets (Zelpar)?
Pre-gastric absorption, avoiding first-pass metabolism
What is the precaution to be taken when using tolcapone?
Monitor for hepatotoxicity
What is the advantage of using dopamine agonists over levodopa?
No need to be converted to dopamine
What is the main mechanism of action of Amantadine (Symmetrel)?
Unknown, but has modest antiparkinsonian effects
What is the main reason Antimuscarinics are not generally used for idiopathic Parkinson's disease?
They cause cognitive impairment and confusion
What is the main advantage of Apomorphine?
It is a potent dopamine receptor stimulant, providing a strong response
What is the main benefit of Deep Brain Stimulation?
It changes electrical signals in the brain, providing a more consistent response
What is the main reason to limit protein in the evening meal for advanced Parkinson's disease patients?
Protein competes with Levodopa for absorption, reducing its effectiveness
What is the main reason to avoid Antiemetics, such as metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, in Parkinson's disease patients?
They block dopamine receptors, worsening Parkinson's disease symptoms
What is the main impact of Parkinson's disease on communication and speech?
Struggle to find words, with reduced non-verbal cues
Test your knowledge of Parkinson's disease, a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. This quiz covers the pathophysiology of the disease, including the degeneration of dopamine-producing cells and its effects on voluntary movement. Learn about the basal ganglia and extrapyramidal pathway and how they relate to Parkinson's symptoms.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
