Parkinson's and Huntington's Disease Abnormalities
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected in Parkinson's disease?

  • Dopamine (correct)
  • GABA
  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin

What is the main structural abnormality associated with Parkinson's disease?

  • Reduction in acetylcholine levels
  • Progressive degeneration of neurons in the amygdala
  • Loss of serotonergic neurons
  • Progressive degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (correct)

Which group of nuclei is primarily involved in motor control and is affected in Parkinson's disease?

  • Thalamus
  • Basal ganglia (correct)
  • Hippocampus
  • Cerebellum

What protein aggregates are found in affected neurons in Parkinson's disease?

<p>$\alpha$-synuclein Lewy bodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which motor symptom is characterized by slowness of movement in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Bradykinesia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is commonly used to increase dopamine levels in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Dopamine agonists (e.g., pramipexole) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain experiences progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Substantia nigra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does dopamine play in the brain affected by Parkinson's disease?

<p>Involvement in motor control and coordination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from motor symptoms, what other type of symptoms may also occur in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Cognitive impairment and mood disturbances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter imbalance that leads to motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Dopamine and acetylcholine imbalance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain experiences progressive atrophy in Huntington's disease?

<p>Caudate nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Huntington's disease?

<p>Mutations in the HTT gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter signaling pathway is dysfunctional in Huntington's disease?

<p>Glutamate signaling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical symptom of Huntington's disease?

<p>Chorea (involuntary movements) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of impairment may develop in individuals with Huntington's disease?

<p>$ ext{GABA}_ ext{A}$ neuron loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease?

<p>Huntington's involves mutations in the HTT gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What genetic factor plays a significant role in both Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases?

<p>Genetic factors play no role in these diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of movements are characteristic of Parkinson's disease?

<p>Resting tremors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons are primarily lost in Huntington's disease?

<p>GABAergic neurons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common psychiatric symptom associated with Huntington's disease?

<p>Depression, anxiety, and personality changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein aggregates are formed in Huntington's disease?

<p>Toxic protein aggregates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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