Parkinson's and Huntington's Disease Abnormalities
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected in Parkinson's disease?

  • Dopamine (correct)
  • GABA
  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin

    • What is the main structural abnormality associated with Parkinson's disease?

  • Reduction in acetylcholine levels
  • Progressive degeneration of neurons in the amygdala
  • Loss of serotonergic neurons
  • Progressive degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (correct)

    • Which group of nuclei is primarily involved in motor control and is affected in Parkinson's disease?

  • Thalamus
  • Basal ganglia (correct)
  • Hippocampus
  • Cerebellum

    • What protein aggregates are found in affected neurons in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>$\alpha$-synuclein Lewy bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motor symptom is characterized by slowness of movement in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Bradykinesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of medication is commonly used to increase dopamine levels in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Dopamine agonists (e.g., pramipexole)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain experiences progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Substantia nigra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does dopamine play in the brain affected by Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Involvement in motor control and coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from motor symptoms, what other type of symptoms may also occur in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Cognitive impairment and mood disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter imbalance that leads to motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Dopamine and acetylcholine imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain experiences progressive atrophy in Huntington's disease?

    <p>Caudate nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Huntington's disease?

    <p>Mutations in the HTT gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter signaling pathway is dysfunctional in Huntington's disease?

    <p>Glutamate signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical symptom of Huntington's disease?

    <p>Chorea (involuntary movements)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of impairment may develop in individuals with Huntington's disease?

    <p>$ ext{GABA}_ ext{A}$ neuron loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease?

    <p>Huntington's involves mutations in the HTT gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic factor plays a significant role in both Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases?

    <p>Genetic factors play no role in these diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movements are characteristic of Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Resting tremors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurons are primarily lost in Huntington's disease?

    <p>GABAergic neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychiatric symptom associated with Huntington's disease?

    <p>Depression, anxiety, and personality changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protein aggregates are formed in Huntington's disease?

    <p>Toxic protein aggregates</p> Signup and view all the answers

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