Parish Nursing and Environmental Health Quiz

Parish Nursing

• Parish nurses practice holistic health for individuals and the community, combining nursing knowledge and spiritual care.
• Services may include grief counseling and health screenings.

Environmental Exposures

• Exposure assessment considers duration and extent of exposure.
• Exposure types include:
  • Chemical (e.g., metals, pesticides)
  • Biological (e.g., bacteria, viruses, allergens)
  • Physical (e.g., heat, radiation, noise, injury)
  • Psychosocial (e.g., stress, anxiety)
  • Mixed (combinations of agents)
• Point sources are major stationary sources of outdoor air contaminants (e.g., power plants, refineries).
• Air Quality Index (AQI) measures air pollution (0-500; <100 is good).

Primary Care

• Three core components:
  • Meeting lifelong health needs
  • Addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) through policies and actions
  • Empowering individuals, families, and communities to manage health.

Case Management

• Case management is a collaborative process to meet individual health needs through assessment, planning, facilitation, and advocacy.
• It utilizes available resources to promote cost-effective care.

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs)

• FQHCs provide care to underserved populations on a sliding scale.
• They receive grants and Medicare/Medicaid reimbursements.
• Services are typically comprehensive, funded at federal, state, and local levels.

Patient-Centered Medical Home

• A physician-led, team-based approach focused on comprehensive, coordinated, continuous care for all populations (children to seniors).
• Emphasizes comprehensive care, patient-centeredness, coordinated care, accessible services, and quality/safety.

Community Collaboration and Organizing

• Nurses partner with community members, groups, and organizations to improve public health programs and services.
• Community organizing establishes relationships with governmental organizations and community groups to achieve common goals.

Urban/Rural Health Disparities

• Urban: Increased crime, violence, mental health stressors, decreased air quality contribute to health disparities.
• Rural: Lower patient-to-PCP ratios, limited access to healthcare, higher tobacco use among youth, and insufficient internet access contribute to disparities.
• Strategies for decreasing rural health disparities include increased nurse practitioners, training incentives, greater use of PCMHs, and telehealth.

Occupational Health Nursing

• Goal: Ensure worker safety.
• Assessments and interventions prevent occupational hazards.
• Promotes safe/healthy work environments.
• Prevention is paramount; work cultures are designed for health and safety.
  • Federal agencies (e.g., OSHA) require record-keeping for >10 employee businesses of injuries/illnesses to identify and correct problems
• Levels of control include:
  • Elimination
  • Modification
  • Warnings
  • Administrative controls
  • PPE

Routes of Exposure

• Respiratory (inhalation)
• Integumentary (skin absorption)
• Gastrointestinal (ingestion)

Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

• SDSs describe properties, hazards, safe handling, and first aid.
• Knowledge is crucial for employers/employees.

Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)

• EAPs offer confidential settings for discussing work, financial, or social issues.
• Support and referrals may be available for counseling or treatment.

Health Promotion Programs

• Strategies like exercise, relaxation, and meditation are used.

Disaster Planning and Management

• Disaster planning aims to lessen disaster severity.
• Disaster management integrates emergency response throughout a disaster event.
• Disaster team responsibilities include risk evaluation, identifying vulnerable populations, understanding responder roles, and facilitating interagency collaboration while considering epidemic/pandemic impacts.

School Nursing

• Focuses on health promotion/disease prevention for students.
• Acts as a bridge between healthcare and education, providing care coordination.
• Advocates for student-centered quality care and positive health behaviors
• Advocates for well child services/policies.
• Supports a safe, healthy environment using a "5 W's" framework (Healthy, Safe, Engaged, Supported, Challenged), with emphasis on accessible personalized learning

Interventions within the school community

• Keeping current with school regulations/policies/programs,
• Primary prevention encompasses diverse educational programs, including sexuality education, mental/substance use/violence prevention, health education, and life skills training.
• Vaccination compliance is included
• Secondary prevention: Scrutinizing signs/causes of substance abuse/violence/abuse, including cyberbullying and dating/domestic violence. Collaboration with community, parents, and districts is crucial in establishing safety protocols and education.
• Health screenings (vision, hearing, etc.) comply with district regulations.
• Identifying vulnerable populations (racial/ethnic variety, access to safe housing/healthcare.) is critical.
• Screening for substance use, type 2 diabetes, and asthma is also performed.
• Tertiary prevention includes preparation for potentially life-threatening situations in schools. Adequate equipment, trained staff, and established emergency response plans are necessary.

Students with disabilities

• The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) encompasses students with disabilities needing special education due to developmental delays or cognitive/social/emotional/communication difficulties.
• School nurses assist with medication administration, treatments, emergency care plans, individualized health care plans, health teaching, and counseling.

Test your knowledge on parish nursing, environmental exposures, and primary care concepts. This quiz covers essential topics such as holistic health, types of exposure, and the role of case management in improving community well-being. Enhance your understanding of how these areas intersect to promote health.