Parathyroid Disorders and Cushing Syndrome Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the adrenal cortex releases glucocorticoids (cortisol)?

  • Zona Fasciculata (correct)
  • Zona Glomerulosa
  • Zona Medullaris
  • Zona Reticularis

What hormone is released from the Zona Reticularis of the adrenal cortex?

  • Cortisol
  • Androgens (correct)
  • Estrogen
  • Aldosterone

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of testosterone to estrogen?

  • Aromatase (correct)
  • Mineralocorticase
  • Androgenase
  • Glucocorticase

Which of the following is true about the cardiac action potential compared to the normal action potential?

<p>The cardiac action potential has rapid depolarization that is maintained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the QRS complex in an ECG represent?

<p>Ventricular depolarization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between resistance, flow, and pressure in the circulatory system?

<p>Increasing pressure increases flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the anterior pituitary and acts as a vasodilator, promotes sodium and water excretion, and increases blood pressure?

<p>ANP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the adrenal medulla and stimulates the fight or flight response?

<p>Epinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the pancreas in response to increased blood glucose levels and lowers blood glucose levels?

<p>Insulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of hyperparathyroidism?

<p>Bones become soft, fragile, and deformed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the glomerulus in the nephron?

<p>Filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is mainly absorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?

<p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is true about granulocytes?

<p>Neutrophils are the most common type of granulocyte. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is the function of albumin in blood plasma?

<p>Maintain blood osmolarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is true about sickle cells?

<p>Sickle cells have a mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of lymph nodes in the body?

<p>Lymph nodes help to fight infections and prevent them from entering the bloodstream. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating water balance in the body?

<p>ADH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coronary arteries in the cardiovascular system?

<p>Coronary arteries supply the heart with oxygenated blood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct function of thrombin in the clotting process?

<p>Thrombin takes fibrinogen and turns it into fibrin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the major differences between veins and arteries?

<p>Veins take blood back to the heart and contain valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the basic structure of the heart?

<p>The heart has semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes water reabsorption in the collecting duct?

<p>ADH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes Na+ reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and potassium to be secreted?

<p>Aldosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the liver to constrict blood vessels and stimulate the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone?

<p>Angiotensin II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure and causes an enzyme cascade and the release of angiotensin?

<p>Renin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ secretes acid (H+) in the proximal and distal tubules and reabsorbs bicarbonate (HCO3-)?

<p>Kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an increase in pH and an increase in CO2 due to vomiting out acid?

<p>Metabolic alkalosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a decrease in pH and a decrease in CO2 due to HCO3- not being reabsorbed?

<p>Metabolic acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an increase in pH and a decrease in CO2 due to increased breathing?

<p>Respiratory alkalosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a decrease in pH and an increase in CO2 due to decreased breathing?

<p>Respiratory acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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