Parasitology Module 2: Laboratory Procedures

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Questions and Answers

Mok a ndong ni mbok apuk a so mbong tefini nga a punu?

Buku petunjuk praktikum ini dibuat untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam mempersiapkan dan melaksanakan praktikum.

Boko na a nja a nomu ni ndunde a ya malinga?

Tujuan pelaksanaan praktikum adalah untuk memperdalam pemahaman mahasiswa tentang topik yang dibahas.

Boko na a puy na labaratorio parasitologi a ye mfile?

Laboratorium ini berfokus pada pemeriksaan darah dan identifikasi parasit darah.

Ngai a bukisunga ni a tita azu a nja nzum?

<p>Buku ini diharapkan dapat menyempurnakan pelaksanaan praktikum di Fakultas Kedokteran.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ngai a suku a mili mimfun a yi na?

<p>Penyusun berharap kritik dan saran yang membangun untuk buku ini.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Njok a zanga a mbok a wenda a weak a boko ya?

<p>Pelaksanaan praktikum harus terarah dan terencana.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na a zanga moke a tita ngo nyong a nja mfile?

<p>Zanga praktikum parasitologi mencakup topik Nematoda darah dan jaringan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mok a njo a boko a dze na a mou nolingo?

<p>Mou nolingo adalah untuk memperdalam pengetahuan tentang parasit yang dapat menginfeksi darah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mingh yg aan berada di ngunyik bila diwasa B. malayi?

<p>6-12 hari.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apa sintomat yg bawa diketemukan di dalam B. malayi?

<p>Limfangitis dan limfadenitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nama obat yg sering digunakan untuk filariasis?

<p>Diethylcarbamazine (DEC).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Di mana habitat utama B. malayi?

<p>Saluran dan kelenjar limfe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apa ukuran mikrofilaria B. malayi?

<p>± 230 µ x 6 µ.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apa cara infeksi B. malayi?

<p>Melalui gigitan nyamuk betina dari genus Mansonia dan Anopheles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apa nama dua vektor yg terlibat dalam penyebaran B. malayi?

<p>Nymuk Mansonia dan Anopheles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apa rasio cephalic space pada mikrofilaria B. malayi?

<p>2:1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mèngó Pria ngot zèng nè kyàtè bé tsaka ta lès proyèk?

<p>Pria méngó atasan jas praktikum, baju berkerah kain, dan celana panjang kain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ngé bètèngè kàtè gàbòl dòtè gàzɔ yèlèbòtè sà bàdùl pòlòs?

<p>Kaos kaki polos dan menutupi mata kaki.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mèngó apa hìkè bakang Doctor COVID-19 bako ngàhìrètè Batal nè ka khỏo?

<p>Wajib mengisi GForm Skrining COVID-19 dan melakukan swab antigen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nyè bètèngè cfè màkèd ngu dèm yè bàdùn sà bòdò - kàtè vyè tèkè zèmbè?

<p>Cacing filaria, khususnya Wuchereria bancrofti.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mèngó jè gàdèmè vi bàkè cacing filaria?

<p>Sistem peredaran darah dan limfe pada manusia dan binatang.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bènyé kàswè kàtèmæ gàbà bia hìkè zèmbè?

<p>Pelanggaran tata tertib akan mendapat sanksi sesuai dengan pelanggaran.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dèngó môngàtè kàtègi GForm sà bàkè rìya ga sàdà gàà?

<p>Perwakilan SGD wajib mengambil kunci loker sebelum praktikum dimulai.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kila na ngi ngwama niridazol esera mu njiga S.haematobium?

<p>Na ngi 100% mu njiga S.haematobium ezokad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mosi mosi akukoro a ngi kalya prazikuantel?

<p>Prazikuantel na akukoro mu S.haematobium, S.mansoni na S.japonicum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ebe nanga tumo ku panjang a ngi skistosomiasis japonika?

<p>Nanga tumo ku panjang na Sulawesi Tengah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kila na ngi mosi akukoro mu skistosomiasis japonais?

<p>Oriental Schistosomiasis, Penyakit Katayama, Penyakit Demam Keong.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tu ngi mwaka pambi pu suma kanga ku ngya skistosomiasis?

<p>Pengobatan masal 6 bulan sekali.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kila na ngi yanda kalya age kange a ngi cacing jantan S.japonicum?

<p>Cacing jantan na kange ± 1,5 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mosi ma se na yanda ku yoka mu cacing betina S.japonicum?

<p>Cacing betina na yanda ± 1,9 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kila na ngu cumi ku ngya mu dinding usus halus?

<p>Telur S.japonicum na cumi mu dinding usus halus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na sitoplasma trofozoit muda Plasmodium vivax?

<p>Sitoplasma amuboid, lebih besar dari inti limfosit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mbok a boko na pigmen skizon tua?

<p>Pigmen cokelat, kekuningan menggumpal dengan 12-24 inti.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na ukuran trofozoit tua Plasmodium vivax?

<p>Ukuran besar dengan bentuk tidak teratur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mbok a boko na zona merah trofozoit muda?

<p>Mereka memiliki ukuran sama dengan inti limfosit tanpa zona merah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na karakteristik makrogametosit?

<p>Ukuran parasit lebih besar dari inti limfosit dengan zona merah.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na geografi Plasmodium ovale?

<p>Di Indonesia, terdapat di pulau Owi dan Pulau Timor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mbok a boko na karakteristik pigmen skizon muda?

<p>Pigmen tersebar dalam sitoplasma berwarna cokelat, berukuran lebih besar dari limfosit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boko na jumlah inti dalam skizon muda?

<p>Mengandung kurang dari 12 inti.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Né na ele a, a yi gbo dɔ́kɔ́ a yi ɛsɛ̀ be sam nge a fa ɛkɛ jùla mɔɔ mɔ́?

<p>Né S.japonicum, a gbo dɔ́kɔ́ a yi ɛsɛ̀ be sam nge a fa ɛkɛ jùla.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ká na bɔ̀, prazikuantel ne na àʊ́dɛ kɛl ɛsɛ̀ be pɛn mù?

<p>Dó 40-60mg/kgBB ɔlwɛ kaɔkɔ̀ Ɛbɔ́ yɛ kɛl pɛn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ké de tak kídɛn, o yá nɛ na fɛ a ɓɔ́ lɛ à bí a ɖi gbo ɓɔ́ sɔ́ àdɛɛgɛn?

<p>Dó Clonorchis sinensis, Opistorchis felineus, Opistorchis viverrini, na Fasciola hepatica.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Né té na bakka a ma a yi gbo dɔ́kɔ́, a dɔ̀ a sɔ́ mɔ́ a hɛ?

<p>Aw_connection ɖe bele a gbo dɔ́kɔ́ na ɖanɛ fɛka na a ɖai ɔkɔ́.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ká ta lu, o pɛ a yíngɛ ɛsa a da bɛ́ng. A dey sɔ́ na ɖi sé ɓɔ́ ya?

<p>Klonorkis sinensis mɛkɛ a yé pɛ bɛ́ng a nɔ́ɓa sílɛ, asɛm yɛ ɛgbɛ ayêkɛ.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eŵɛ fɛ a dɛsɛn ɨrɔɨ mɛɛ kuye mɔ́ a ba mɔ́ o ba ge?

<p>Né gbo té a bɛn dɔ́ kɔ́ a bɛɛ awa a nè nyɛ kɔ́sɔ́.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A do bɛ wɛ́ yá hɛ mɔ́ a ɖí yá ɖɛ nɔ́, a nɛ kɛl bɛ gbo ɓɔ́ né a ne ka?

<p>Aye kɛ dɔ́kɔ́, a dɔ̀ a kpɛ tɛgɛ lɛ sɔ́ a mbo ɔɔkɔ́ na asɛbɔ.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mɛ́dɛ a baš ɛhi, dó bɛ hɛ́ɛ a kekere si wɛy?

<p>O dɛn a kɔngɔ sɔ́ bɔ́kɛnɓa ɛta, dɛn na mɛdɛ mɛ hɛ́ɛ mɔ́.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pemeriksaan Darah

Proses meneliti darah untuk menemukan parasit.

Parasitologi

Studi tentang parasit dan penyakit yang ditimbulkannya.

Praktikum Parasitologi

Kegiatan belajar praktek untuk mempelajari parasit.

Identifikasi Parasit Darah

Proses mengenali jenis parasit dalam darah.

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Modul Patomekanisme

Modul yang mempelajari mekanisme penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasit.

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Nematoda

Sejenis cacing parasit.

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Darah dan Jaringan

Lokasi potensial di mana parasit berada.

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Buku Petunjuk Praktikum

Panduan untuk melakukan praktikum parasitologi.

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Atasan pakaian praktikum Pria

Jas praktikum dengan tanda nama, berkerah, terbuat dari kain (bukan jeans atau kaos).

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Bawahan pakaian praktikum Pria

Celana panjang berbahan kain (bukan jeans atau semi jeans).

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Atasan pakaian praktikum Wanita

Jas praktikum dengan tanda nama, berbahan kain (bukan jeans, semi jeans atau kaos).

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Bawahan pakaian praktikum Wanita

Rok panjang berbahan kain (bukan jeans atau semi jeans), tidak ketat dan tidak transparan.

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Jenis nematoda filarial

Jenis parasit darah dan jaringan (misalnya Wuchereria bancrofti).

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Protokol Kesehatan di Praktikum

Wajib memakai APD (masker, hand sanitizer), mengisi GForm Skrining Covid-19, dan melakukan swab antigen jika suspect Covid-19 atau belum mengisi GForm.

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Tujuan Skrining COVID-19

Mengecek dan mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 saat praktikum.

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Sanksi Pelanggaran

Pelanggaran tata tertib akan diberikan sanksi sesuai pelanggaran yang dilakukan.

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Dosis Obat DEC

6 mg/kgbb/jam selama 12 hari

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Kombinasi Obat

DEC 6 mg/kgbb dan abendazole 400 mg setiap tahun selama 5-10 tahun

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Mikrofilaria B.malayi

Bentuk larva parasit B. malayi dalam darah

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Habitat B.malayi

Saluran dan kelenjar getah bening

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Vektor B. malayi

Nyamuk Mansonia dan Anopheles

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Cara Infeksi B.malayi

Melalui gigitan nyamuk Mansonia dan Anopheles

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Obat Pilihan Filariasis

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

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Gejala Infeksi B.malayi (Ringan)

Limfangitis dan limfadenitis

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Trofozoit Plasmodium falciparum muda

Parasit dengan sitoplasma yang padat dan pigmen yang tersebar merata. Ukurannya sama dengan inti limfosit tanpa zona merah.

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Trofozoit Plasmodium falciparum tua

Parasit berbentuk pita, dengan pigmen kasar dan berwarna coklat gelap.

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Skizon Plasmodium falciparum muda

Parasit berukuran sama dengan inti limfosit, dengan kurang dari 8 inti.

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Skizon Plasmodium falciparum tua

Parasit dengan 8-12 inti yang tersusun melingkar, berukuran sama dengan inti limfosit.

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Trofozoit Plasmodium vivax muda

Parasit dengan sitoplasma amuboid, pigmen tersebar dan titik-titik Schuffner.

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Trofozoit Plasmodium vivax tua

Parasit dengan sitoplasma besar, bentuk tidak teratur, vakuola jelas, dan pigmen berbutir tersebar.

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Makrogametosit Plasmodium vivax

Parasit dengan zona merah yang lebih besar dari inti limfosit.

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Mikrogametosit Plasmodium vivax

Parasit dengan zona merah yang lebih besar dari inti leukosit.

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Niridazol

Niridazol, ŋɔŋlɔ yɛŋsɔŋ yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ yɛ S.haematobium. ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ sɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ntɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ, yɛ sɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ sɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ.

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Prazikuantel

Prazikuantel ŋɔŋlɔ sɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ yɛ Schistosoma ŋlɔŋ, trematoda ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ cestoda ŋlɔŋ. Prazikuantel ŋkɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ.

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Skistosomiasis japonika

Skistosomiasis japonika yɛn yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ sɔŋ yɛ nsɔŋ ŋtɔŋ yɛ Sulawesi Tengah. ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ.

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Schistosoma Japonicum

Schistosoma Japonicum ŋkɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ.

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Hospes

Hospes yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Schistosoma Japonicum. ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋkɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ.

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Nama Penyakit

Nama penyakit yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Schistosoma Japonicum yɛn yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ, yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Katayama, yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Keong.

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Distribusi Geografik

Distribusi geografik yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Schistosoma Japonicum yɛn yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ, yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ, yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋtɔŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ.

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Clonorkiasis

Nsi na nɔŋ yɛŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Clonorchis sinensis.

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Hospes Clonorchis Sinensis

Nsi na nɔŋ yɛ eŋtɔŋ ŋlɔŋ yɛ Clonorchis sinensis: manusia, beruang kutub, anjing, kucing, babi.

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Habitat Clonorchis Sinensis

Cacing dewasa : saluran empedu, kadang saluran pankreas. Telur : saluran empedu.

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Morfologi Clonorchis Sinensis

Cacing dewasa: Ukuran 10 – 25 mm x 3 – 5 mm, bentuk pipih lonjong, seperti daun. Telur: ukuran ± 30 x 16 mikron, bentuk mirip bola lampu pijar, isi mirasidium.

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Siklus Hidup Clonorchis Sinensis

Telur → keong air → mirasidium → serkaria → ikan → metaserkaria → manusia → cacing dewasa.

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Patologi Clonorkiasis

Larva dan dewasa → iritasi, penebalan dinding saluran empedu, perubahan hati, sirosis hati, asites, edema.

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Gejala Klinis Clonorkiasis

Nyeri perut, demam, diare, penurunan berat badan, kekuningan kulit & mata.

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Pencegahan Clonorkiasis

Makan ikan yang matang, jangan makan ikan mentah atau setengah matang.

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Study Notes

Introduction to Parasitology Laboratory Procedures

  • This document is a practical guide for parasitology students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang.
  • It covers the examination and identification of blood-borne parasites.
  • This module (Module 2) focuses on the pathogenesis of parasitic diseases.
  • Module 2 is part of a larger set of materials.
  • The authors and contributors are listed.
  • The document was published in December 2024.

Contents

  • The document includes a table of contents detailing the different sections and topics covered in the manual.
  • The specific parasitic groups such as Nematoda, Trematoda, and Protozoa are examined in detail within the laboratory module.
  • Each section includes detailed information such as the morphology, life cycle, and laboratory methods.
  • This module includes information on practical procedures.

Contributors

  • Dr. Menik Sahariyani, M.Sc
  • Dr. Osa Endiputra, M.Sc
  • Dr. Widiana Rachim, M.Sc
  • Dr. Maritsatun Nisa

Instructions and Procedures

  • Information is provided on practical laboratory techniques such as the preparation of blood smears and specimen handling.
  • Procedures included are guidelines for specimen collection.
  • The document provides important protocols for lab safety and specimen preparation.
  • Protocols for blood collection and sample preparation are outlined.
  • Practical instructions on proper lab attire and procedures are detailed.

Specific Parasite Groups

  • Several sections focus on the detailed characteristics of different types of parasites, detailing their life cycle, and ways of identification.

  • Covers multiple parasitic groups, emphasizing diagnosis and treatment, with information on different parasite types.

Lab Procedures for Correct Identification

  • Detailed instructions are given on proper blood sample collection and slide preparation needed for identifying different parasite types.
  • Specific procedures for examining various types of parasites with different visual elements under a microscope are provided.

Pathogenesis and Life Cycles

  • Detailed explanations are provided on how parasites cause disease and spread.
  • The module provides a detailed overview of the complete life cycles associated with each parasite being studied.
  • Information on parasite stages and transmission is outlined.
  • Life cycle and pathogenesis information are key parts of the content.

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