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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the 'Explanation' step in the suggested paragraph structure?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the 'Explanation' step in the suggested paragraph structure?
- To offer a concise clarification of the point introduced in the topic sentence. (correct)
- To introduce a completely new, but related, idea to create intrigue.
- To present anecdotes about various people related to the topic.
- To provide statistical data that supports the topic sentence's claim.
In the context of paragraph construction, what is the primary role of 'Support' after making and explaining a claim?
In the context of paragraph construction, what is the primary role of 'Support' after making and explaining a claim?
- To introduce a counter-argument to demonstrate objectivity.
- To offer a personal opinion regarding the topic.
- To question the validity of the topic sentence.
- To provide evidence that validates the claim using specific examples and details. (correct)
What is the ultimate purpose of a 'Clincher' sentence?
What is the ultimate purpose of a 'Clincher' sentence?
- To reiterate the main point and/or transition to the next paragraph's topic. (correct)
- To pose a rhetorical question that challenges the reader's understanding of the topic.
- To provide a summary of all the points that have been discussed in the paragraph.
- To introduce a new line of reasoning that will be explored in subsequent paragraphs.
Which of the following is the least effective type of support to use when trying to prove your point?
Which of the following is the least effective type of support to use when trying to prove your point?
Why is brevity stressed during the explanation phase of paragraph construction?
Why is brevity stressed during the explanation phase of paragraph construction?
Which property of a well-written text ensures a logical flow and completeness of ideas?
Which property of a well-written text ensures a logical flow and completeness of ideas?
If a text lacks proper spelling, punctuation, and capitalization, which property of a well-written text is most affected?
If a text lacks proper spelling, punctuation, and capitalization, which property of a well-written text is most affected?
What is the primary function of argumentation in writing?
What is the primary function of argumentation in writing?
Which of the following combinations of writing methods would be most effective in exploring the topic 'The impact of social media on political discourse'?
Which of the following combinations of writing methods would be most effective in exploring the topic 'The impact of social media on political discourse'?
A student struggles to understand an expository text because they cannot identify the main points and how they connect. According to Dymock (2005), which aspect of the text is the student having trouble with?
A student struggles to understand an expository text because they cannot identify the main points and how they connect. According to Dymock (2005), which aspect of the text is the student having trouble with?
Which of the following best describes the role of 'coherence' in a well-written text?
Which of the following best describes the role of 'coherence' in a well-written text?
To effectively argue for or against a specific policy change, what should a writer primarily focus on?
To effectively argue for or against a specific policy change, what should a writer primarily focus on?
If a writer wants to thoroughly explore the topic of climate change, which combination of writing methods would be most appropriate?
If a writer wants to thoroughly explore the topic of climate change, which combination of writing methods would be most appropriate?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of a topic sentence within a paragraph?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of a topic sentence within a paragraph?
How many key elements of a thesis statement should typically be repeated in a topic sentence, according to the instructions?
How many key elements of a thesis statement should typically be repeated in a topic sentence, according to the instructions?
In the context of essay writing, what is the relationship between a thesis statement and topic sentences?
In the context of essay writing, what is the relationship between a thesis statement and topic sentences?
Which question is LEAST relevant when formulating a topic sentence for a paragraph?
Which question is LEAST relevant when formulating a topic sentence for a paragraph?
Considering the provided thesis: 'Steroids should be banned from professional sports because of adverse health risks to athletes, illegitimate claims to records, and irreversible damage to the essence of sports,' which of the following is the MOST effective topic sentence for a paragraph discussing the 'illegitimate claims to records'?
Considering the provided thesis: 'Steroids should be banned from professional sports because of adverse health risks to athletes, illegitimate claims to records, and irreversible damage to the essence of sports,' which of the following is the MOST effective topic sentence for a paragraph discussing the 'illegitimate claims to records'?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Illustrate' step in the paragraph writing process described?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Illustrate' step in the paragraph writing process described?
What is the purpose of concluding a paragraph with a 'Clincher Sentence'?
What is the purpose of concluding a paragraph with a 'Clincher Sentence'?
According to the instructions, what is the minimum number of sentences required per paragraph?
According to the instructions, what is the minimum number of sentences required per paragraph?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a topic sentence and a thesis statement?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a topic sentence and a thesis statement?
A paragraph discusses the decreasing population of bees and its potential impact on agriculture. Which of the following would be considered a statistic used to support this main idea?
A paragraph discusses the decreasing population of bees and its potential impact on agriculture. Which of the following would be considered a statistic used to support this main idea?
Which of the following sentences is the MOST effective clincher sentence for a paragraph discussing the benefits of regular exercise?
Which of the following sentences is the MOST effective clincher sentence for a paragraph discussing the benefits of regular exercise?
A paragraph's topic sentence is: "Online education offers numerous benefits to students." Which of the following elaboration strategies would be MOST effective in developing this paragraph?
A paragraph's topic sentence is: "Online education offers numerous benefits to students." Which of the following elaboration strategies would be MOST effective in developing this paragraph?
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of sensory details to elaborate on the description of a bustling marketplace?
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of sensory details to elaborate on the description of a bustling marketplace?
A paragraph aims to explain the impact of social media on political discourse. Which elaboration technique would BEST suit this purpose?
A paragraph aims to explain the impact of social media on political discourse. Which elaboration technique would BEST suit this purpose?
If a paragraph's main idea is that 'exercise improves sleep quality,' which of the following supportive details would be BEST classified as anecdotal evidence?
If a paragraph's main idea is that 'exercise improves sleep quality,' which of the following supportive details would be BEST classified as anecdotal evidence?
Which of the following topic sentences is the MOST effective for a paragraph that will describe the evolution of smartphones?
Which of the following topic sentences is the MOST effective for a paragraph that will describe the evolution of smartphones?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of constructive language?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of constructive language?
Why is it important to choose precise and clear language?
Why is it important to choose precise and clear language?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'register' in language?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'register' in language?
How does destructive language impact the reader?
How does destructive language impact the reader?
Which sentence best demonstrates the principle of avoiding the conversion of verbs into nouns?
Which sentence best demonstrates the principle of avoiding the conversion of verbs into nouns?
A writer aims to build 'homophily' with their audience. What is the most effective way to achieve this through language?
A writer aims to build 'homophily' with their audience. What is the most effective way to achieve this through language?
In workplace communication, when is it most appropriate to use a formal register?
In workplace communication, when is it most appropriate to use a formal register?
Which of the following reflects constructive language when addressing a mistake?
Which of the following reflects constructive language when addressing a mistake?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of transitional sentences in a well-structured paragraph?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of transitional sentences in a well-structured paragraph?
A paragraph that lacks a clear main idea or attempts to cover too many unrelated concepts suffers from which of the following issues?
A paragraph that lacks a clear main idea or attempts to cover too many unrelated concepts suffers from which of the following issues?
According to the 'Paragraph Recipe', what is the correct order of components required to construct an effective paragraph?
According to the 'Paragraph Recipe', what is the correct order of components required to construct an effective paragraph?
Which STTC element ensures that the paragraph is focused and does not veer off into multiple unrelated discussions?
Which STTC element ensures that the paragraph is focused and does not veer off into multiple unrelated discussions?
What role do phrases like 'furthermore,' 'however,' and 'consequently' play in a paragraph's construction?
What role do phrases like 'furthermore,' 'however,' and 'consequently' play in a paragraph's construction?
Imagine a study finds that students who spend significantly more time on recreational activities outside school hours perform poorly in their academic subjects. How does this finding relate to the argument presented in favor of longer recess periods?
Imagine a study finds that students who spend significantly more time on recreational activities outside school hours perform poorly in their academic subjects. How does this finding relate to the argument presented in favor of longer recess periods?
A school implements 60-minute recess periods and tracks student test scores before and after the change. What additional data would be most useful in determining if the longer recess periods are the primary cause of any observed changes in student performance?
A school implements 60-minute recess periods and tracks student test scores before and after the change. What additional data would be most useful in determining if the longer recess periods are the primary cause of any observed changes in student performance?
The argument suggests that an increase in physical exercise is one factor in improving student scores. Why is it important to acknowledge that exercise is 'just one of the necessary ingredients?'
The argument suggests that an increase in physical exercise is one factor in improving student scores. Why is it important to acknowledge that exercise is 'just one of the necessary ingredients?'
Flashcards
Clincher Sentence
Clincher Sentence
A statement that reiterates the main idea of the paragraph.
Topic Sentence
Topic Sentence
States the main idea and controls the focus of a paragraph.
Main Idea
Main Idea
The point or message conveyed about the topic.
Supporting Evidence
Supporting Evidence
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Elaboration
Elaboration
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Descriptive Words
Descriptive Words
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Comparison Techniques
Comparison Techniques
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Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect
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Argumentation
Argumentation
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Structure in writing
Structure in writing
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Coherence
Coherence
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Language use
Language use
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Mechanics in writing
Mechanics in writing
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Expository text challenges
Expository text challenges
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Narration in writing
Narration in writing
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Alternative solutions
Alternative solutions
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Thesis Statement
Thesis Statement
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Supportive Points
Supportive Points
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Transitional Expressions
Transitional Expressions
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Adverse Health Risks
Adverse Health Risks
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Illegitimate Claims
Illegitimate Claims
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Irreversible Damage
Irreversible Damage
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Explanation
Explanation
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Support
Support
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Specific Examples
Specific Examples
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Clincher
Clincher
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Paragraph Structure
Paragraph Structure
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Concluding Sentence
Concluding Sentence
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Recess Impact
Recess Impact
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Transitional Sentence
Transitional Sentence
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Supporting Ideas
Supporting Ideas
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Linking Words
Linking Words
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Single Idea
Single Idea
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STTC Formula
STTC Formula
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Homophily in language
Homophily in language
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Precise and clear language
Precise and clear language
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Constructive language
Constructive language
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Destructive language
Destructive language
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Formality of language
Formality of language
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Register in language
Register in language
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Sensitivity in language
Sensitivity in language
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Negative evaluations
Negative evaluations
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Study Notes
Text as Connected Discourse
- Text is derived from the Latin word texere - to weave
- It's considered written material, especially longer pieces of writing in books, letters, or newspapers.
- Text can be used for both written and spoken language.
- It usually refers to a stretch of writing or speech, adhering to conventions and rules for specific text types
- Cook (1989) defines text as a stretch of language interpreted formally, without context.
Qualities of a Text (Jorgensen and Phillips)
- Cohesion: Parts of the text are connected.
- Coherence: The overall text has meaning.
- Intentionality: The writer's attitude is discernible.
- Acceptability: The text is recognizable.
- Informativity: The text contains a quantity of new information.
- Situationality: The topic is appropriate for the situation and culture.
- Intertextuality: The text can be linked to preceding discourse.
Discourse
- From the Latin word discursus, denoting conversation or speech.
- A serious and long speech or writing on a subject
- Something that is spoken.
- Cook (1989) defines discourse as a stretch of meaningful, unified, purposive language.
Text as Connected Discourse
- The use of words to exchange thoughts and ideas in an organized manner.
Essential Learning
- A text is a connected discourse, meaning all ideas are related to express one main idea.
- The text must have unity combining ideas to emphasize the central idea.
What makes a written text a connected discourse?
- Written discourse, especially when a simple analysis reveals it to be connected discourse.
- Ideas are logically connected.
- Logical organization and development of the theme exists.
- Repetition, reference, conjunctions, and connectives are used to connect ideas.
Patterns of Development
- Narration, description, compare/contrast, classification, definition, process, cause/effect, and problem/solution.
Definition
- Explains the meaning of a term.
- Introduces a key word/phrase followed by a definition or meaning.
- Often italicized or bolded.
Signal Words for Exemplification
- after all, for instance, namely, that is, as an example, in other words, put another way, to be specific, consider the, following, in particular, specifically, stated differently, to illustrate, for example, in short.
Narration
- Describes how, when, and where an event occurred.
- Tells a story or focuses on a set of related events.
- Organizes ideas or events according to time.
Description
- Provides details about a specific object, person, or location.
- Aims to set an appearance firmly.
- Uses sensory details and precise words, presenting details in a logical order.
Comparison and Contrast
- Focuses on the similarities and differences between two topics.
- Can use transitions like in contrast, similarly, and however.
- Details describe similarities/differences
Cause and Effect
- Explains how one event causes another.
- Includes verbs like caused, triggered, created, and induced.
- Transitions like consequently and as a result are used.
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