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Questions and Answers
Which component of pancreatic exocrine secretion is responsible for neutralizing the acidity of chyme entering the duodenum?
Which component of pancreatic exocrine secretion is responsible for neutralizing the acidity of chyme entering the duodenum?
- Lipases
- Amylases
- Proteases
- Alkaline juice (HCO3-) (correct)
Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates acinar secretion in the pancreas. What primary characteristic of chyme entering the duodenum triggers the release of CCK from duodenal APUD cells?
Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates acinar secretion in the pancreas. What primary characteristic of chyme entering the duodenum triggers the release of CCK from duodenal APUD cells?
- Presence of bile pigments
- Low pH
- High concentration of proteins and fats (correct)
- High concentration of carbohydrates
Besides CCK, which other substance or nerve stimulation enhances acinar secretion by acting on the same receptors or via a different mechanism?
Besides CCK, which other substance or nerve stimulation enhances acinar secretion by acting on the same receptors or via a different mechanism?
- Secretin release from jejunal cells
- Chylomicrons in lymphatics
- Gastrin and Vagus nerve stimulation (correct)
- Bile acids in hepatic portal blood
How does the liver contribute to the process of lipid digestion and absorption, and where do the re-synthesized lipids go?
How does the liver contribute to the process of lipid digestion and absorption, and where do the re-synthesized lipids go?
What is the fate of bile acids after they have aided in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine?
What is the fate of bile acids after they have aided in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine?
Which substance stimulates duct cells to secrete HCO3-?
Which substance stimulates duct cells to secrete HCO3-?
What is the primary role of trypsinogen, chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidase secreted by the pancreas?
What is the primary role of trypsinogen, chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidase secreted by the pancreas?
What is the role of pancreatic amylases in digestion?
What is the role of pancreatic amylases in digestion?
Which of the following is a key function of the liver related to blood composition and detoxification?
Which of the following is a key function of the liver related to blood composition and detoxification?
How does CCK impact the action of secretin?
How does CCK impact the action of secretin?
Flashcards
Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion
Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion
The exocrine pancreas secretes alkaline juice and enzymes (proteases, amylases, and lipases) for digestion.
Acinar Secretion Stimulation
Acinar Secretion Stimulation
Acinar secretions are stimulated by cholecystokinin (CCK) released from duodenal APUD cells, triggered by chyme rich in proteins and fats.
Duct Secretion
Duct Secretion
Duct cells secrete bicarbonate (HCO3-) stimulated by secretin which is released from jejunal cells in response to low pH.
Liver functions
Liver functions
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Chylomicrons
Chylomicrons
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Bile Secretion
Bile Secretion
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Study Notes
Pancreas & Exocrine Secretion
- The exocrine pancreas releases alkaline juice and enzymes.
- Proteases, amylases, and lipases are key enzymes secreted.
- Proteases include trypsin(ogen), chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidase.
- Acinar secretion is stimulated by cholecystokinin (CCK).
- CCK release is triggered by chyme rich in proteins and fats, during the 'intestinal phase'.
- Gastrin and the vagus nerve (via acetylcholine) also stimulate acinar secretion during the 'cephalic' phase.
- Duct cells secrete HCO3- (bicarbonate).
- Secretin, released from jejunal cells due to low pH, stimulates bicarbonate secretion.
- CCK facilitates secretin's action.
Liver Function
- The liver, the largest single organ, performs diverse functions.
- The liver plays roles in blood, energy metabolism, detoxification, and plasma protein production.
- The liver contributes to gut function through bile secretion (0.25-1.0 L/day).
- Bile contains bile acids and alkaline juice, which aid in digestion.
- The liver excretes bile pigments.
- Epithelial cells process fatty acids to resynthesize lipids.
- Lipids are exported to lymphatics as chylomicrons.
- Chylomicrons are lipids coated with polar protein and phospholipid for blood transport.
- Bile acids continue to the terminal ileum for active reabsorption by the epithelium.
- Reabsorbed bile acids return in hepatic portal blood.
- Hepatocytes actively take up and re-secrete bile acids into canaliculi.
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