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Questions and Answers
What type of cells produce juices secreted by the pancreas into small ducts?
What type of cells produce juices secreted by the pancreas into small ducts?
- Exocrine cells (correct)
- Hepatocytes
- Endocrine cells
- Islet cells
Which enzyme from the pancreas is responsible for digesting proteins?
Which enzyme from the pancreas is responsible for digesting proteins?
- Ribonuclease
- Pancreatic lipase
- Trypsin (correct)
- Pancreatic amylase
Where does the pancreas empty its contents to?
Where does the pancreas empty its contents to?
- Duodenum (correct)
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Esophagus
What is the function of sodium bicarbonate produced by the pancreas?
What is the function of sodium bicarbonate produced by the pancreas?
Which component of the liver is responsible for producing bile canaliculi?
Which component of the liver is responsible for producing bile canaliculi?
Which enzyme from the pancreas digests carbohydrates?
Which enzyme from the pancreas digests carbohydrates?
What is the main function of pancreatic Islets in the pancreas?
What is the main function of pancreatic Islets in the pancreas?
Which duct joins the pancreatic duct to empty its contents into the duodenum?
Which duct joins the pancreatic duct to empty its contents into the duodenum?
What does the histology of the liver reveal about hepatocytes?
What does the histology of the liver reveal about hepatocytes?
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Study Notes
Pancreas
- Lies posterior to the stomach and is retroperitoneal
- Produces juices secreted by exocrine cells into small ducts, which merge into two larger ducts: pancreatic duct and accessory duct
- Produces enzymes in inactive form, which are activated once in the small intestine
- Enzymes produced:
- Carbohydrate-digesting: pancreatic amylase
- Protein-digesting: trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, and elastase
- Fat-digesting: pancreatic lipase
- Nucleic acid-digesting: ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease
- Produces sodium bicarbonate to buffer stomach acid
- Composed of exocrine and endocrine portions
- Exocrine portion:
- Acini produce fluid and digestive enzymes (pancreatic juice)
- Endocrine portion:
- Pancreatic Islets produce: glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide
- Empties its contents into the duodenum via the hepatopancreatic ampulla (pancreatic duct joined by common bile duct) and the accessory duct
Liver
- Composed of: hepatocytes, bile canaliculi, and hepatic sinusoids
- Histology:
- Hepatocytes:
- Major functional cells organized into complex hepatic laminae (plates of hepatocytes one cell thick)
- Bordered by hepatic sinusoids and are highly branched, irregular structures
- Grooves between hepatocytes provide spaces for bile canaliculi
- Hepatocytes:
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